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A Dissolving Entity
—Analysis of the Family Life
in North America
In classic literature, there was a notorious tradition adhered by comedy wri
ters who always ended their story by a marriage of the young couple in love.
Obviously, marriage, or starting a family life, had long been viewed as an
eternal destination of the happiness-seeking pilgrimage in human life, until
H. D. Howells handled with divorce, a newly found theme in literature, in A
Modern Instance at the beginning of last century. From then on, family, has
been losing its traditional role in terms of an integral component of the s
ociety in North America, and been in danger of disintegration both in the se
nse of structure and of family culture.
Recent data concerning the continuing demographic changes in North American
family life provides the above-mentioned proposal with a sociological justif
ication, which can be generally presented in two respects.
Firstly, it has been a trend for more and more individuals in North America
who incline to reject the very idea of marriage at all. That is to say, they
are increasingly reluctant to establish a bilateral bond in the form of mar
riage, build up a conventional household life and take the related domestic
responsibility, such as childbearing. Of course, it’s far from saying all p
eople choose to stay as bachelor or spinster for a whole life; actually, the
degree of rejection varies considerably in North America. Apart from those
cynical lifelong bachelor or spinsters, more young people prefer to postpone
their marriage age. Gloria W. Bird and Michael J. Sporakowski in The Study
of Marriage and the Family noted that, “the median age of marriage is now 2
6 for men and 24 years for women” , much later than the figure decades ago.
In many other cases, the psychological rebellion against matrimonial conven
tion takes the form of cohabitation, which has been a vogue among teenagers
in North America. They are totally free from legal obligations—maybe they a
re still spiritually committed to each other—that exist in traditional marr
iage, and thereby can terminate the spousal relationship whenever they like.
Once if a child is deliberately or unintentionally produced and the cohabit
ation relation breaks up, the unwed mother has to take care of the child ind
ependently. A statistic figure, quoted by Bird and Sporakowski in the same b
ook as the above one, indicates that, “ families headed by women who have n
ever married increased 1,000 percent during the past two decades” . Even if
they do marry, as Bird and Sporakowski pointed out, many of them delay chil
dbearing and produce fewer children.
Secondly, in addition to the prevailing reluctance to get married, many fami
lies today are prone to integrate within and thus to have a multiplicity of
structure. The most convincing argument is the divorce rate in North America
. Despite a recent leveling off in the late 1980s, Bird and Sporakowski stil
l estimated that “ one-half to two-thirds of today’s marriages will eventu
ally end in divorce”, with an increase of single-parent family by 36 percen
t since 1980s . Some of the divorced spouse remarry, and some not. Even for
those families that have not reach the breaking point of divorce yet, the st
ability of the households is disturbing. In a survey conducted by Eugen Lupr
i in 1987, the result indicated, “over 1 million husband and wives engaged
in some form of physical violence” . Considering the total number of famil
ies living in Canada is no more than 5.9 million, the figure is an ominous i
ndex on the collapse of North American households, many of which are improba
ble to go very far.
The reasons that contribute to such situation can not be easily and thorough
ly explained, but the revolutionary change of the spousal role—mostly on th
e part of women—in South American society, undoubtedly, is worth of conside
ring.
Women in North America, thanks to the peculiar history of colonial continent
, have originally enjoyed a higher degree of independence both in household
and in society compared with those in Europe. The turbulent movements in 196
0s in the States propelled the women’s status further. And women today neve
r get married only to be dependent of the husband. Rather, they have their o
wn income, career, and circle of friends. Therefore, when domestic conflict
or dissatisfaction springs out, they will be more inclined to break up with
their mates by divorce, instead of tolerating all just because of the lack o
f means. More importantly, both male and female individual today could perfo
rm all the family function. That also explains the tardiness of the age of m
arriage in North America.
From the perspective of the evolution of social culture, the current transfo
rmation in the family life in North America could be understood better. Sinc
e the Beat Generation dominated the popular culture of the States, the rigid
Puritan ethics and values that had yoke the nation and guided the tradition
al family life keep waning. Young people today hail the unscrupulous sexual
behavior—of course, homosexuality is included—and pursue the maximum of in
dividual freedom. They embrace the idea that marriage is the emotional fulfi
llment instead of a social necessity in life. Therefore, they refuse to make
any sacrifice of personality to build up, or maintain, a marriage that they
think is imperfect. They still have a colorful inner-world and maybe seek a
n intimate relationship with the opposite gender, but they couldn’t bear to
be limited by the bond of marriage.
Many sociologists who specialize in the studies of family have shown growing
concern over the remarkable change of the family pattern and culture, and p
redicted the forthcoming social problems, namely, the legal rights of single
mother, family violence, and the education of the children who grow up in s
ingle-mothered family and lack adequate fathering.
However, as a conclusion from the above analysis, it is safe to say that suc
h a trend, whether you like it or not, will not revert, because it is an ine
vitable outcome of the social development in North America and the world as
a whole. What’s more, it is likely that the transformation will be pushed f
orward continually and the typical nuclear family pattern with which people
are still familiar will keep dissolving. Family will becomes a less and less
indispensable resort for the young people. Family culture inside of the hou
seholds is also subject to considerable change. Even the social structure an
d relationship will be affected accordingly.
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Bibliography
Bird, Gloria W. and Sporakowski, Michael J.
Taking Sides 4th ed.
Duskin Publishing Group, 1994
Lupri, Eugen
“Why Does Family Violence Occur?”
Everyday Life
MeCrew Hill Ltd., 1992
The Family, Everyday Life
MeCrew Hill Ltd., 1992
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