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发信人: cliff (夺命小辣椒), 信区: Unix
标 题: perl...introduce
发信站: 紫 丁 香 (Mon Dec 6 14:09:35 1999) WWW-POST
Introduction to Perl
Perl is an interpreted language optimized for scanning arbitrary text
files, extracting information from those text files, and printing reports
based on that information. It's also a good language for many system
management tasks. The language is intended to be practical (easy to use,
efficient, complete) rather than beautiful (tiny, elegant, minimal). It
combines (in the author's opinion, anyway) some of the best features of
C, sed, awk, and sh, so people familiar with those languages should have
little difficulty with it. (Language historians will also note some
vestiges of csh, Pascal, and even BASIC-PLUS.) Expression syntax
corresponds quite closely to C expression syntax. Unlike most Unix
utilities, perl does not arbitrarily limit the size of your data -- if
you've got the memory, perl can slurp in your whole file as a single
string. Recursion is of unlimited depth. And the hash tables used by
associative arrays grow as necessary to prevent degraded performance.
Perl uses sophisticated pattern matching techniques to scan large amounts
of data very quickly. Although optimized for scanning text, perl can also
deal with binary data, and can make dbm files look like associative
arrays (where dbm is available). Setuid perl scripts are safer than C
programs through a dataflow tracing mechanism which prevents many stupid
security holes. If you have a problem that would ordinarily use sed or
awk or sh, but it exceeds their capabilities or must run a little faster,
and you don't want to write the silly thing in C, then perl may be for
you. There are also translators to turn your sed and awk scripts into
perl scripts. OK, enough hype.
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