Algorithm 版 (精华区)
发信人: ssos (存在与虚无·似水流年), 信区: Algorithm
标 题: SOFTWARE PIONEER PETER NAUR WINS ACM'S TURING AWARD
发信站: 哈工大紫丁香 (Mon Mar 27 08:50:23 2006), 站内
【 以下文字转载自 Computer 讨论区 】
发信人: ssos (存在与虚无·似水流年), 信区: Computer
标 题: SOFTWARE PIONEER PETER NAUR WINS ACM'S TURING AWARD
发信站: BBS 哈工大紫丁香站 (Sun Mar 26 00:38:11 2006)
New York, March 01, 2006 -- The Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) ha
s named Peter Naur the winner of the 2005 A.M. Turing Award. The award is for
Naur's pioneering work on defining the Algol 60 programming language. Algol 60
is the model for many later programming languages, including those that are i
ndispensable software engineering tools today. The Turing Award, considered th
e "Nobel Prize of Computing" was first awarded in 1966, and is named for Briti
sh mathematician Alan M. Turing. It carries a $100,000 prize, with financial s
upport provided by Intel Corporation.
Dr. Naur was editor in 1960 of the hugely influential "Report on the Algorithm
ic Language Algol 60." He is recognized for the report's elegance, uniformity
and coherence, and credited as an important contributor to the language's powe
r and simplicity. The report made pioneering use of what later became known as
Backus-Naur Form (BNF) to define the syntax of programs. BNF is now the stand
ard way to define a computer language. Naur is also cited for his contribution
to compiler design and to the art and practice of computer programming.
"Dr. Naur's ALGOL 60 embodied the notion of elegant simplicity for algorithmic
expression," said Justin Rattner, Intel senior fellow and Chief Technology Of
ficer. "Over the years, programming languages have become bloated with feature
s and functions that have made them more difficult to learn and less effective
. This award should encourage future language designers who are addressing tod
ay's biggest programming challenges, such as general-purpose, multi-threaded c
omputation, to achieve that same level of elegance and simplicity that was the
hallmark of ALGOL 60."
Contributions Signal Birth of Computing Science
In 2002, former Turing Award winner Edsger Dijkstra characterized the developm
ent of Algol 60 as "an absolute miracle" that signaled the birth of what he ca
lled "computing science" because it showed the first ways in which automatic c
omputing could and should become a topic of academic concern. The development
of Algol 60 was the result of an exceptionally talented group of people, inclu
ding several who were later named Turing Award winners.
Dr. Naur's contribution to Algol 60, was seminal. John Backus, another former
Turing Award winner, acknowledged Naur as the driving intellectual force behin
d the definition of Algol 60. He commented that Naur's editing of the Algol re
port and his comprehensive preparation for the January 1960 meeting in which A
lgol was presented "was the stuff that really made Algol 60 the language that
it is, and it wouldn't have even come about, had he not done that."
Before publication of the Algol 60 Report, computer languages were informally
defined by their prose manuals and the compiler code itself. The report, with
its use of BNF to define the syntax, and carefully chosen prose to define the
semantics, was concise, powerful, and unambiguous.
The 17-page Algol 60 Report presented the complete definition of an elegant, t
ransparent language designed for communication among humans as well as with co
mputers. It was deliberately independent of the properties of any particular c
omputer. The new language was a major challenge to compiler writers. Dr. Naur
went on to co-author the GIER Algol Compiler (for the transistorized electroni
c computer developed in Denmark known as GIER), one of the first compilers to
deal fully and correctly with the language's powerful procedure mechanism.
"Dr. Naur's contribution was a watershed in the computing field, and transform
ed the way we define programming languages," said James Gray of Microsoft Rese
arch, and Chair of the 2005 Turing Committee. "Many of the programming constru
cts we take for granted today were introduced in the Algol Report, which intro
duced a concise block-structured language that improved the way we express alg
orithms."
Dr. Naur was instrumental in establishing software engineering as a discipline
. He made pioneering contributions to methodologies for writing correct progra
ms through his work on assertions that enable programmers to state their assum
ptions, and on structured programming. "His work, though formal and precise, d
isplays an exceptional understanding of the limits and uses of formalism and p
recision," said Gray. Through these activities, and his development of an infl
uential computer science curriculum, Dr. Naur contributed fundamental componen
ts of today's computing knowledge and skills.
Early Experience in Practical Calculations and Applications
Dr. Naur began his scientific pursuits as an astronomer, where he was involved
in computations of the orbits of comets and minor planets. He obtained a magi
ster of science degree (the equivalent of a master's degree) from Copenhagen U
niversity in 1949. He later returned there to earn a doctorate in astronomy in
1957. During the 1950-51 academic year, Dr. Naur studied astronomy at King's
College in Cambridge, U.K., and came to the U.S. to further his work in the fi
eld. This work involved using early computers (starting with EDSAC, the world'
s first practical stored program electronic computer) for his astronomical cal
culations. In 1953, he returned to Denmark and served as a scientific assistan
t at Copenhagen Observatory.
In 1959, he joined the staff of the compiler design group at Regnecentralen, t
he first Danish computer company. There he organized the Algol Bulletin and wa
s editor of the 13-person international Algol 60 team's report that defined Al
gol 60. He became a professor at the Copenhagen University Institute of Datalo
gy in 1969, retiring in 1998.
Dr. Naur was awarded the G. A. Hagemann Gold Medal from the Danish Technical U
niversity in 1963, the Jens Rosenkjaer Prize from the Danish Radio in 1966, an
d the Computer Pioneer Award from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics
Engineers in 1986.
ACM will present the Turing Award at the annual ACM Awards Banquet on May 20,
2006, at the Westin St. Francis Hotel in San Francisco, CA.
--
<<社会契约论>>是一本好书,应当多读几遍
风味的肘子味道不错,我还想再吃它
※ 来源:·哈工大紫丁香 http://bbs.hit.edu.cn·[FROM: 219.217.225.116]
Powered by KBS BBS 2.0 (http://dev.kcn.cn)
页面执行时间:2.461毫秒