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To specify the default interpolation method:
1 Choose File > Preferences > General.
2 For Interpolation, choose one of the following
options: Nearest Neighbor to use the fastest, but least
precise, method of interpolation. The lack of
precision is evident in the jagged appearance of
modified selections, especially when you’re
distorting or scaling an image or performing
multiple manipulations on a selection. Bilinear to use
a medium-quality interpolation
method. Bicubic to use the most precise form of interpo-lation.
This method results in the smoothest tonal
gradations but is also the slowest form of interpo-lation.
Applying the Unsharp Mask filter to the image
after interpolation can help to refocus the image.
For detailed instructions for using the Unsharp
Mask filter, see “Step 5: Sharpen the image” on
page 134.
Scanning images
Adobe Photoshop software works with any scan-ner
that has an Adobe Photoshop-compatible
plug-in module or supports the TWAIN interface.
The scanner plug-in modules that you have
installed appear in the File > Import submenu.
See “Using plug-in modules” on page 31 for
more information about using and installing
plug-in modules.
Scanner drivers are provided and supported by the
manufacturers of the scanners, not Adobe Sys-tems.
If you have problems with a scanner or dur-ing
scanning, make sure that you have the latest
version of the driver from the scanner manufac-turer.
Drivers and Import plug-ins from several
major scanner manufacturers are in the Scanner
Support folder on the Adobe Photoshop CD-ROM.
For more information, see the Read Me file
in the Scanner Support folder.
If the scanner you are using does not have an
Adobe Photoshop-compatible scanner driver,
you can use the manufacturer’s software to scan
your images and then save the images as TIFF,
PICT, or BMP files. Then open the files in Adobe
Photoshop.
About scan quality
When you scan an image, you make several choices
that affect the quality and usefulness of the result-ing
file. Before you scan an image, be sure to follow
the instructions in this chapter for determining
the scanning resolution and optimal dynamic
range, and for developing a procedure for elimi-nating
unwanted color casts.
Original Downsampled Unsharp Mask
applied
CHAPTER 3 50
Getting Images into Photoshop
Importing an image using the TWAIN
interface
TWAIN is a cross-platform interface for acquiring
images captured by certain scanners and frame
grabbers. The manufacturer of the TWAIN device
must provide a Source Manager and TWAIN Data
source for your device; otherwise, the module will
not work. Adobe Photoshop supports the current
TWAIN, TWAIN32, and TWAIN_32 standards for
scanning.
Windows NT ™ and Windows 95 require 32-bit
TWAIN source modules, and do not work with the
same scanner software as the same scanner did
under Windows 3.1 or higher. Some TWAIN
source modules also may not work with Adobe
Photoshop under Windows 95 because they are
16-bit, while Adobe Photoshop is 32-bit. (To use
Photoshop with an older version of the Twain32
module, copy the Twain32.8ba file to the Photo-shp\
Plugins folder and copy the Twain32.dll file to
the Windows folder. To use Twain under the Win-dows
3.1 operating system, you must also load the
Share.exe file before starting Windows.) Contact
the scanner manufacturer for information on the
availability of TWAIN source modules that are
compatible with Windows NT or Windows 95.
To import an image using the TWAIN interface:
1 If you’re using the TWAIN device for the first
time with Adobe Photoshop, choose File > Import
and choose the appropriate Select Source
command from the submenu. Then select the
device you’re using. You do not need to repeat this
step for subsequent use of the TWAIN module.
If more than one TWAIN device is installed in
your system and you want to switch devices, use
the Select Source command to choose the new
device.
2 Choose File > Import and choose TWAIN -
Acquire (Macintosh) or the appropriate TWAIN
command (Windows) to use the TWAIN inter-face.
Determining the scan resolution
Scan resolution, as it is used here and in following
sections, is the same as image resolution—that is,
the number of pixels per inch in the image when
you open the file in Adobe Photoshop. For infor-mation
on resolution and pixel dimensions, see
“About resolution and image size” on page 37.
The scan resolution you use for printed output
depends on the quality of output that you need as
well as on the resolution of your printer and the
size of the original image compared with the
final image. See “Image resolution and screen fre-quency”
on page 40 for guidelines on choosing the
best resolution for a printed image.
Scanning using the file size setting
The best way to ensure that you have all the data
you need for your Adobe Photoshop image is to
create a dummy file that tells you exactly how
much data—that is, what file size—you need for
your final output.
To calculate the file size before scanning an image:
1 Open Adobe Photoshop, and choose
File > New.
51
2 Enter the width, height, and resolution for your
final printed image. The resolution should be 1.5
to 2 times the screen frequency you will use to
print. Make sure that the mode you plan to work
with is selected. For more information, see “Color
modes and models” on page 65.
The New dialog box displays the file size above the
dimensions. For example, the following dialog box
shows the values for a final image that is 4 inches
wide and 5 inches high, printed with a 150-line
screen using a 2:1 ratio (resolution is set at 300).
The file size needs to be 5.15 megabytes.
To produce the scan, enter the resulting file size in
your scanner settings. (It does not matter what res-olution
or image dimensions appear in the scan-ner
settings.)
Once you have scanned the image and imported it
into Photoshop, use the Image Size command to
enter the correct width and height for the image.
Scanning using the resolution setting
If you cannot use file size as the determining factor
in choosing your scanner settings, you can calcu-late
a scan resolution using the original and final
image dimensions and the screen frequency of
your output device.
To estimate scan resolution:
1 Multiply the screen frequency by 2. (2 is the
typical ratio of image resolution to screen
frequency needed to produce a good-quality
image.)
2 Multiply the result in step 1 by the size change
factor to get the estimated scan resolution you
need.
For example, suppose you are scanning an image
that is 2 inches wide by 3 inches high. You want
to produce a final image that is 6 inches wide by
9 inches high. You are using a screen frequency of
85 lpi.
To calculate the scan resolution, you first multiply
85 (the screen frequency) by 2 to get 170. You then
multiply 170 by 3 (the ratio of final to original
image dimensions) to get a scan resolution of
510 ppi.
Different color separation procedures might
require different ratios of image resolution to
screen frequency (see page 40). It’s a good idea to
check with your service provider or printer to
finalize your requirement before you scan the
image.
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