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Custom Lets you create your own palette. When
you select this option, the program displays the
Color Table dialog box. You can then edit the color
table and save it for later use or click Load to load
a previously created color table. Editing a color
table is described in “Manipulating the color table
of an indexed-color image” on the this page.
Previous Converts the image by using the custom
palette from the previous conversion. This option
makes it easy to convert a number of images using
the same custom palette. This option is available
only after you have converted an image using the
Custom or Adaptive option.
Specifying the color depth
When you choose the Uniform or Adaptive pal-ette,
you can specify the color depth (also known as
pixel depth), or the number of bits of color infor-mation
per pixel, for the indexed-color image. The
color depth you choose determines the number of
colors used to display (or print) an image. For
example, if you choose 4 bits per pixel, the image
is composed of 16 colors; if you choose 6 bits per
pixel, the image is composed of 64 colors; if you
choose 8 bits per pixel, the image is composed of
256 colors. (The number of colors used is dis-played
in the Colors text box.) In addition, you can
specify the exact number of colors to be displayed
(up to 256) by choosing Other for Color Depth
and entering a value for Colors.
The options in the Indexed Color dialog box con-trol
only how the indexed color table is created.
Adobe Photoshop still treats the image as an 8-bit,
256-color image.
Specifying dithering options
Unless you’re using the Exact color table option,
the color table may not contain all the colors used
in the image. To simulate colors not in the color
table, you can choose to dither the colors. Dither-ing
mixes the pixels of the available colors to sim-ulate
the missing colors. You can choose from
three dithering options: None: Does not dither colors but instead uses
the color closest to the missing color. This tends to
result in sharp transitions between shades of color
in the image, creating a posterized effect. Diffusion: Uses a less
structured method than
does the Pattern option to dither colors. Pattern: Adds random pixels
in patterns to simu-late
the colors that are not in the color table. This
option is available only when you’re using the
Macintosh System palette.
Manipulating the color table of
an indexed-color image
When you convert an RGB image to an indexed-color
image, or when you work in an original
indexed-color image, you might want to change
one or more colors in the table. You can also model
the colors after a predefined color table. Each
indexed-color image has its own color table, and
you can save a color table for reuse with other
indexed-color images.
There are two types of indexed-color images: those
with a limited number of colors (fewer than 256),
and pseudocolor images (grayscale images that
display variations in gray levels with color rather
79
than shades of gray). Pseudocolor images are often
used in scientific and medical applications. The
color table editing features discussed in the follow-ing
sections are most useful with pseudocolor
indexed images. These features can also be used to
produce special effects with indexed-color images
that have a limited number of colors.
Note: If you just want to change the colors in an
image, choose Image > Adjust, and use the color
correction commands in the submenus. See Chapter
6,“Making Color and Tonal Adjustments,” for a
description of these commands.
Editing colors in the indexed color table
To edit a color table, you select the colors you want
to change. Although our example shows the edit-ing
of a color table for a pseudocolor image, the
following procedure applies to all indexed-color
images.
To edit colors in the color table:
1 Open the indexed-color image.
2 Choose Image > Mode > Color Table.
3 Click or drag in the table to choose the color or
range of colors you want to change.
Midtone and highlight range selected in dialog box
4 Choose the color you want, as explained on
page 225, and click OK.
If you are changing a range of colors, Adobe
Photoshop creates a gradient in the color table
between the starting and ending colors. The first
color you choose in the Color Picker is the begin-ning
color for the range. When you click OK, the
Color Picker reappears so you can choose the last
color in the range.
The colors you selected in the Color Picker are
placed in the range you selected in the Color Table
dialog box.
5 Click OK in the Color Table dialog box to apply
the new colors to the indexed-color image.
Original Midtones and highlights
edited in color table
Choosing a color-table option
Your indexed color table can be modeled after one
of six predefined color tables. You select a pre-defined
color table from the Table menu in the
Color Table dialog box. Custom: Used whenever the table is not one of
Adobe Photoshop software’s built-in color tables. Black Body:
Displays a transition of colors based
on the different colors a blackbody radiator emits
as it is heated—from black to red, orange, yellow,
and white.
CHAPTER 4 80
Choosing a Color Display Mode Grayscale: Displays a smooth transition from
black to white in 256 levels of gray. Spectrum: Displays a
smooth transition between
the colors that result when white light passes
through a prism: violet, blue, green, yellow,
orange, and red. Macintosh System: Displays the standard
Macintosh 256-color system palette. Windows System: Displays the standard
Windows 256-color system palette.
Saving and loading a color table
You use the Save and Load buttons in the Color
Table dialog box to save your indexed color tables
for use with other Adobe Photoshop images. Once
you load a color table into an image, the colors in
the image are changed to reflect the color positions
they reference in the new color table.
Note: You can also load saved color tables into
the Swatches palette. See “Saving, loading, and
replacing swatches” on page 221 for more informa-tion.
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