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Chapter 5: Reproducing Color
ost of the difficulties of accurately
reproducing colors from a software pro-gram
stem from the fact that the total
set of colors, or the gamut, produced by the red,
green, and blue phosphors of a computer monitor
or video display is different from the gamut of the
cyan, magenta, yellow, and black inks used in tra-
ditional printing. But how colors appear in your
final artwork may vary not only with the type of
output—that is, from print to on-screen; it may
also vary dramatically between output devices and
software programs—that is, from monitor to
monitor, printer to printer, or page layout pro-
gram to photo-retouching program.
M
CALIBRATING IN ADOBE PHOTOSHOP to ensure that your color
on-screen in Photoshop matches your
printed color, you first calibrate your monitor and then
adjust Photoshop's setting to match your printing
environment.
1. Calibrate your monitor. 2. Enter Monitor Setup information
(page 87).
3. Enter Printing Inks Setup
information (page 89).
4. Print a preseparated CMYK
proof (page 90).
5.Adjust Printing Inks settings to
match the proof. (page 91).
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CHAPTER 5 84
Reproducing Color
This chapter explains how to use Adobe Photo-shop’s
color calibration and separation tools to
ensure as close a match as possible between your
colors on-screen in Photoshop and in your final
artwork. If you are preparing artwork for color
separations, it’s important that you follow the
steps for calibration and separation provided in
this chapter. If you are preparing artwork for
online use, Photoshop’s calibration tools can still
be used to ensure consistent color between differ-ent
software programs or between similar moni-tors
in similar environments. See “Ensuring con-sistent
color on-screen” on page 102 for more
information on using Photoshop’s calibration
tools for on-screen color display.
About calibration
Calibration is the process of adjusting your moni-tor
and the Adobe Photoshop color conversion
settings to compensate for factors that affect both
the on-screen image and its conversion to printed
output.
The monitor calibration tools included with
Adobe Photoshop affect how colors appear on
your monitor. The settings in the color calibration
dialog boxes in Photoshop—Monitor Setup,
Printing Inks Setup, and Separation Setup—deter-mine
how the program converts colors between
RGB and CMYK modes. For this reason, these set-tings
affect the actual color values in the image
only when you convert between RGB and CMYK
modes.
Although this is true for both the Macintosh and
Windows versions of Photoshop, important dif-ferences
exist in the way monitor calibration
affects the appearance of images on these plat-forms:
The Macintosh version of Photoshop provides a
Gamma control panel whose settings offer global
monitor calibration. On the Macintosh, adjusting
the Monitor Setup options affects how an image is
displayed in CMYK mode (as it is converted to
RGB color for display on the monitor) but not
how the image is displayed in RGB mode. The Windows
version of Photoshop does not
offer global monitor calibration, but instead
affects the monitor display only within Photoshop.
The Gamma control in the Calibrate dialog box
measures your monitor’s behavior and then uses
the result of the measurement to adjust the impact
of the gamma setting in the Monitor Setup dialog
box. In Windows, therefore, adjusting the Monitor
Setup options affects how an image is displayed in
RGB mode but not in CMYK mode.
In contrast, the Printing Inks and Separation
Setup settings affect only the conversion to CMYK
mode.
Note: In addition to affecting how colors are
converted between CMYK and RGB modes, the
settings in the Monitor Setup dialog box affect the
overall brightness display of all images.
85
Step 1: Calibrate your monitor
The Photoshop calibration tools let you calibrate
the gamma, the color balance, the white and black
points of color, and the grayscale monitors. These
settings help you eliminate color cast in your mon-itor
display, ensure that your monitor grays are as
neutral as possible, and standardize the display of
images on different monitors so that images look
the same with different monitor and video-card
combinations.
If you are using a Macintosh and have a third-party
monitor calibration utility installed, such as
the Radius ™ Calibrator or Daystar’s Colorimeter
24, you should use either that utility or the Adobe
Photoshop gamma tools, not both. A third-party
calibration program updates Macintosh Photo-shop’s
color space descriptor file; therefore using
both systems will miscalibrate the monitor. If you
are using third-party calibration, you can skip
steps 4 through 12 of the following procedure.
After step 3, enter the gamma value provided by
your utility in the Gamma text box of the Monitor
Setup dialog box.
To calibrate your monitor:
1 Make sure your monitor has been turned on for
at least a half hour so that the monitor display has
stabilized.
2 Set the room lighting at the level that you plan
to maintain; then adjust the brightness and
contrast controls on your monitor. Because
changes in these factors can dramatically affect
your display, you should close your room off from
external light sources and tape down the monitor
and room lighting controls once they have been
set.
3 Turn off any desktop patterns, and change the
background color on your monitor to a light gray.
This prevents the background color from inter-fering
with your color perception and helps you
adjust the display to a neutral gray. If you need
help changing your background color, refer to the
manual for your operating system.
4 Depending on your platform, do one of the
following: On the Macintosh, choose Control Panels from
the Apple menu, and double-click the Gamma
control panel. Use the On and Off buttons to turn
the Gamma software on and off. If you turn off the
Gamma software, the monitor’s default values are
used.
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