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89
Step 3: Enter the Printing Inks
Setup information
The Printing Inks Setup dialog box lets you specify
the properties of the inks and paper stock used to
reproduce your color plates. Adobe Photoshop
then enters a default value for the dot gain (the
change in the halftone dot size caused by absorp-tion
on the output device). After you print a proof,
or on the advice of your print shop, you might
need to return to the Printing Inks dialog box to
adjust for dot gain, ink characteristics, and color
casts. For more information on dot gain, see
“About dot gain and gray balance” on page 91.
As with the information in the Monitor Setup dia-log
box, Adobe Photoshop uses information in the
Printing Inks Setup dialog box when converting
color values between modes. If you change the
Printing Inks Setup settings after you have con-verted
an image to CMYK mode, only the display
is affected. You must revert to the original RGB
image (choose File > Revert) and then reconvert
the image for the changes to affect the separation
data. See “Converting to CMYK” on page 99 for
more information on how the printing inks set-tings
affect mode conversions.
To specify the printing inks:
1 Choose File > Color Settings > Printing Inks
Setup.
2 For Ink Colors, select an ink type (or printer).
The default color values used in the color separa-tion
calculations are designed to produce quality
separations using SWOP (Specifications for Web
Offset Publications) inks on coated paper. These
inks differ slightly from those used in Europe, as
well as from the pigments used in color wax trans-fer
printers such as the Tektronix ® Phaser ™ II
Printer. Similarly, the color and ink absorption
qualities of the paper stock affect the final printed
result. You can think of this information as telling
Photoshop what printed cyan looks like, what
printed magenta looks like, and so on, given a cer-tain
set of inks and paper stock.
Note: In most cases, printing ink characteristics do
not vary greatly from printer to printer within the
same printer type. For example, one Tektronix
Phaser II printer will print ink hues that are very
similar from printer to printer. The amount of dot
gain, however, can vary quite a bit from machine to
machine. While it may not be necessary to recali-brate
the printing ink colors for a different printer of
the same type, you may need to change the dot gain
setting in the Printing Inks Setup dialog box.
CHAPTER 5 90
Reproducing Color
If you choose Custom for Ink Colors, the Ink Col-ors
dialog box appears. See “Setting the character-istics
of custom ink colors” on page 94 for infor-mation
about entering values in this dialog box.
3 Verify the dot gain percentage.
Do not adjust this value until you have run a proof
(which includes a calibration bar) and have mea-sured
the density values on the proof with a reflec-tive
densitometer. You can change this value if
your print shop has provided a different value for
estimated dot gain. See “Step 5: Calibrate the
screen image to the proof” on page 91 for more
information on dot gain.
4 When working with grayscale images (or with
an individual channel in a color image), click Use
Dot Gain for Grayscale Images if you want the on-screen
display to reflect the expected dot gain.
See “Compensating for dot gain in grayscale and
duotone images” on page 92 for more information
about this option.
Step 4: Print a color proof
Once you have calibrated your monitor and have
entered the settings for printing inks, you print a
CMYK image, called a proof. The document you
use to generate the proof should contain color
samples of all the CMYK color combinations and
must be created or imported directly in CMYK
mode.
You can produce a proof by printing the Ole No
Moire (Macintosh) or testpic.jpg (Windows)
CMYK image included with the Adobe Photoshop
software, or you can create your own CMYK
image. For this step, do not use an RGB image that
has been converted to CMYK in Adobe Photo-shop;
you must use a file whose CMYK values have
been assigned directly in CMYK mode.
Color proof
To create your own CMYK proof document:
1 Create a new Adobe Photoshop document in
the CMYK mode.
2 Create a set of swatches in the document.
Include the following swatches: Four swatches, each containing 100% of the
CMYK colors (100% cyan, 100% magenta,
100% yellow, and 100% black)
Y
MY
M
CM
C
CY
CMY
K
FINAL
Olé No Moiré
Cyan Magenta Yellow Black
100%
Black
CMY
CM
CY
MY
Y
M
C
50% K
91 Four combination swatches (100% each of
magenta and yellow, 100% each of cyan and
yellow, 100% each of cyan and magenta, and 100%
each of cyan, magenta, and yellow)
3 To include a calibration bar in the image, choose
File > Page Setup, and select the Calibration Bars
option. Then click OK.
4 Print the document.
Step 5: Calibrate the screen
image to the proof
After examining the color proof, you may need to
adjust some additional calibration settings to
make the image on-screen exactly match the
proof. In particular, you may need to adjust the
calibration settings in the Printing Inks Setup dia-log
box to compensate for dot gain, custom ink
characteristics, and color casts.
About dot gain and gray balance
Dot gain or loss is a change in the size of the spec-ified
halftone dots caused by the ink bleeding or
spreading as it is absorbed by the paper. A 50%
halftone screen, for example, may show an actual
density of 55% on the printed image when read
with a densitometer. Dot gain can also be the result
of an imagesetter miscalibrated during the imag-ing
process.
The dot gain estimate in the Printing Inks Setup
dialog box represents dot gain for the specified
paper stock for the midtones (that is, the 50%
pixels). Adobe Photoshop then uses this value to
create a dot gain curve that adjusts for dot gain
throughout the image.
The default dot gain estimate reflects the expected
dot gain between film and final output. (Printers
typically tell you the expected dot gain between the
color proof and the final output, which is usually
between 2 and 5%.)
Color proof: no dot gain Printed image: with dot gain
Changing the dot gain makes the image appear
lighter (if you enter a lower percentage) or darker
(if you enter a higher percentage) on the screen. It
does not affect the actual data in the image until
Adobe Photoshop uses the setting to adjust the
CMYK percentages for dot gain during the conver-sion
process.
The gray balance settings in the Printing Inks
Setup dialog box let you control the levels of
CMYK colors individually to compensate for color
casts. A color cast may appear in the image if one
of the process inks has a dot gain higher than the
others.
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