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Chapter 6 : Making Color and Tonal Adjustments
ne of the biggest challenges that designers
face today is figuring out how to get the
color in their printed artwork to look the
way they want it to look—or even how to predict
what the printed colors will look like. What used to
be, and often still is, the job of prepress technicians
and color experts has now fallen into the hands of
graphic designers and other studio artists. And in
spite of all the warnings about calibration and sep-aration
settings in the literature, it’s hard to resist
the impulse to believe that the final printed piece
will look like the image on-screen. The reality is, if
your system isn’t calibrated or you haven’t yet sep-arated
the image, the printed colors and the on-screen
colors may not even be close.
Using the Adobe Photoshop
color correction tools
All of the Adobe Photoshop color correction tools
work essentially the same way: by mapping exist-ing
ranges of pixel values to new ranges of values.
The difference between the tools is the amount of
control you have over the ranges of values. For
example, the Brightness/Contrast command
makes the same adjustment to every pixel in the
selection or image—if you increase the brightness
value by 30, 30 is added to the brightness value of
every pixel. Curves, on the other hand, replicates
high-end color correction systems and lets you
isolate 16 ranges of pixel values between pure
highlight and pure shadow.
Using color adjustment commands
For most color adjustment tools, you choose a
command from the Image > Adjust submenu or
create an adjustment layer of a particular type. All
the available adjustment layer types have equiva-lents
in the Image > Adjust submenu. The differ-ence
is that the commands on the Adjust submenu
only apply to the selected layer, whereas the adjust-ment
layer applies to all visible layers below it.
Moreover, unlike commands on the Adjust sub-menu,
which permanently alter the pixels in the
selected layer, adjustment layers let you experi-ment
with different settings without affecting the
underlying data. For more information, see “Using
adjustment layers” on page 267.
Most color adjustment tools have a dialog box
associated with them.
To open a color adjustment dialog box:
Do one of the following: Choose Image > Adjust and choose the
command you want from the submenu.
O
CHAPTER 6 108
Making Color and Tonal Adjustments Hold down Command (Macintosh) or Ctrl
(Windows) and click the New Layer button in the
layers palette. For type, choose the color adjust-ment
command you want and click OK. For an existing adjustment layer, double-click
the adjustment layer name in the Layers palette.
To cancel color changes without closing
a color adjustment dialog box, hold down
Option (Macintosh) or Alt (Windows) to
change the Cancel button to the Reset button,
and then click Reset.
Previewing color adjustments
In most cases, when you make color changes to a
selection, Adobe Photoshop displays the changes
throughout the entire screen. The program modi-fies
the video card’s color lookup table (VLUT) in
response to the changes you specify. Color table
animation, also called video table lookup, is con-trolled
by the video card, not by Adobe Photoshop.
Color table animation allows faster previewing of
color adjustments when you are making changes
to a Photoshop image; however, it does not always
preview the image accurately.
Note: On most systems running Windows, color
table animation works only if the monitor is set to
256 colors. For color table animation to work in 24-
bit mode with Windows, you must have installed a
color table animation extension, supplied by your
video card manufacturer, in the PLUGINS directory.
You can display an accurate preview by selecting
the Preview option in one of the color adjustment
dialog boxes. When you select Preview, you turn
off the color table animation; only the image or the
selected area of the image is shown with the color
correction. This allows you to see accurately the
effect of color adjustments on a selected area.
Image with Preview Image with Preview
option off option on
To turn on previewing and deactivate color table
animation:
Select the Preview option in any color correction
dialog box.
The color table animation is deactivated, and
Adobe Photoshop displays the effects of the
changes on the current selection only.
To turn off color table animation:
1 Choose File > Preferences > Display & Cursors.
2 Deselect Video LUT Animation and click OK.
109
Previewing with a 24-bit or 32-bit
video card (Macintosh only)
The color table animation feature can cause prob-lems
if you are using a 24-bit or 32-bit video card
for which certain color QuickDraw ™ commands
have not been properly implemented. If you have
a problem, contact your video card manufacturer
for ROM updates. You should also reset the video
mode, and turn off the Video LUT Animation
option in the General Preferences dialog box.
To reset the video mode to preview changes using
a 24-bit or 32-bit video card:
1 Choose Control Panels from the Apple menu,
and double-click Monitors.
2 Click one of the other color display options
(such as 256 Colors), and perform a preview to see
the results.
3 Click your original color display option.
4 Close the Control Panel.
5 In Photoshop, choose File > Preferences >
Display & Cursors and deselect Video LUT
Animation; then click OK.
Although you will be able to preview changes
correctly with the Preview option selected, you
will not be able to turn the color table animation
off and on by clicking the Preview option in the
dialog box.
Previewing color values
You can use the Picker palette and the Info palette
to preview the color values of pixels affected by the
color adjustments you’re making.
When you move the pointer over an area of your
image that contains pixels while working with one
of the color adjustment dialog boxes, the Info pal-ette
displays two values. The value in the left col-umn
is the original pixel’s color value; the value in
the right column is the color value after the adjust-ment
is made.
To use the Info palette to preview color changes:
1 Choose Window > Show Info. (See “Custom-izing
the Info palette” on page 26 for information
on the Info palette display options.)
2 Open a color adjustment dialog box (see “Using
color adjustment commands” on page 107).
3 Move the pointer over an area of the image you
want to examine. The eyedropper reads the value
of a single screen pixel, a 3-by-3 screen pixel area,
or a 5-by-5 screen pixel area, depending on the
Sample Size option you have chosen in the
Eyedropper Options palette.
Note: While a color adjustment dialog box is open,
the eyedropper tool is automatically active outside
the dialog box; however, you still have access to the
scroll controls and to the hand and zoom tools when
using keyboard modifier keys.
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