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Chapter 10: Using Channels and Masks
dobe Photoshop uses channels in two
ways: to store color information about an
image and to store selections. Color
information channels are automatically created
when you open a new image. The number of color
information channels depends on the color mode
of the image. See “About color channels” on
page 71 for more information about the color
channels created by Adobe Photoshop.
You can also create additional channels (some-times
called alpha channels) in an Adobe Photo-shop
image. You use alpha channels to create and
store masks, which let you isolate and protect parts
of an image. Other types of masks in Adobe Pho-toshop
include quick masks and layer masks.
About channels
Every Adobe Photoshop image contains a number
of color information channels based on the color
mode. For example, an RGB image has four
default channels: a red channel to store red infor-mation,
a green channel to store green informa-tion,
a blue channel to store blue information, and
a composite channel to display all the color infor-mation.
If an image has multiple layers, each layer
has its own set of color channels.
The file size required for a channel depends on the
pixel information in the channel. For example, if
your image has no alpha channels, adding a dupli-cate
of a color channel to an RGB image increases
the file size by about one-third; adding a duplicate
of a color channel to a CMYK image increases the
file size by about one-fourth. Each alpha channel
also adds to the file size; however, if you save a file
in the TIFF format using the compressed option or
in the Photoshop format, alpha channels used as
masks may require far less storage space because
Adobe Photoshop compresses the alpha channel
A
Channels palette
RGB B G R Alpha channel
Composite (RGB)
CHAPTER 10 230
Using Channels and Masks
information when the file is saved (see “Saving and
managing channels” on page 232). To determine
the size of a file with its alpha channels, save the file
and look at the file size on the disk.
Using the Channels palette
When working with channels, you use the Chan-nels
palette to create new channels; duplicate,
delete, hide, and show individual channels; select
channels and rearrange their order; and monitor
the effects of editing on alpha channels.
To display the Channels palette:
Choose Windows > Show Channels.
The Channels palette lists all channels in the
image. RGB, CMYK, and Lab images each also
include a composite channel, which is listed first.
The individual color channels appear below the
composite channel. Alpha channels appear at the
bottom of the list. A thumbnail of the channel con-tents
appears to the left of the channel name. This
thumbnail is automatically updated as you edit the
channel. Use the scroll bars or resize the palette to
see additional channels.
To select a channel:
Click the channel name. Shift-click to select (or
deselect) multiple channels. The names of all
selected, or active, channels are highlighted. Edit-ing
changes apply to the active channel or chan-nels.
Note: You cannot edit the transparent areas of an
individual color information channel in a single
layer. For more information on working with layers,
see Chapter 11, “Using Layers.”
Showing and hiding channels
When a channel is visible, an eye icon appears to
the left of the channel in the Channels palette. You
can view any combination of individual color
channels in the image. You may also find it useful
to view an alpha channel and the composite chan-nel
together, in order to see how changes made in
the alpha channel relate to the entire image.
Alpha channel visible in image and Channels palette
Load
Selection
Save
Selection
Show/Hide
Channels tab
Trash New Channel
231
To show or hide a channel:
In the Channels palette, click in the eye column
next to the channel to show or hide that channel.
(The composite channel is displayed whenever all
the color channels are visible.)
To show or hide multiple channels,
drag through the eye column in the
Channels palette.
By default, individual channels are displayed in
grayscale. In RGB, CMYK, or Lab images, you can
view the individual channels in color. (In Lab
images, only the a and b channels appear in color.)
If more than one channel is visible, the channels
always appear in color.
If you display an alpha channel at the same time as
color channels, the alpha channel appears as a
color overlay. To change the color of this overlay or
set other alpha channel options, see “Changing
alpha channel options” on page 240.
To see the individual channels in color:
1 Choose File > Preferences > Display & Cursors.
2 Select Color Channels in Color and click OK.
Changing the order of alpha channels
When you have selections stored in several alpha
channels in an image, you might want to change
the order of the channels to view the channels
more easily. You can change the order of any alpha
channels you add to an image; however, the color
information channels created by Adobe Photo-
shop always appear at the top of the Channels pal-ette.
For more information, see “Using alpha chan-nels”
on page 237.
To change the order of alpha channels:
In the Channels palette, drag the channel up or
down. When the heavy black line appears in the
position you want, release the mouse button.
Drag channel in palette... and release to set new position.
Hiding and resizing channel thumbnails
You can change the size of or turn off the thumb-nails
displayed in the Channels palette. Using
thumbnails is the most convenient way of tracking
channel contents; however, turning off the display
of thumbnails can improve performance. Using a
smaller thumbnail size reduces the space required
by the Channels palette and can be helpful when
you’re working on smaller monitors.
To hide or change the size of channel thumbnails:
1 Choose Palette Options from the Channels
palette menu.
2 Click a thumbnail size, or click None to turn off
the display of thumbnails.
3 Click OK.
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