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contain electronic document search and naviga-tion
features. PDF files, for example, can contain
hypertext links and an electronic table of contents
For more information on PDF and Adobe Acrobat
see the Electronic Publishing Guide included on
the Adobe Photoshop Tutorial CD-ROM.
PICT File
The PICT format is widely used among Macintosh
graphics and page-layout applications as an inter-mediary
file format for transferring files between
applications. The PICT format is especially effec-tive
at compressing images that contain large areas
of solid color. This compression can be dramatic
for alpha channels, which often consist of large
areas of white and black.
When saving an RGB image in PICT format, you
can choose either a 16-bit or 32-bit pixel resolu-tion.
For a grayscale image, you can choose from 2,
4, or 8 bits per pixel. If you’re using a Macintosh
with QuickTime installed, you can also choose
from four JPEG compression options for the file.
PICT Resource (Macintosh only)
A PICT resource is a PICT file contained in a
Macintosh application’s resource fork; examples of
PICT resources include the Adobe Photoshop
splash screen and the contents of the Scrapbook.
You can open a PICT resource by choosing File >
Import > PICT Resource (see page page 57). When
saving a file as a PICT resource, you can specify the
resource ID and resource name. You can also spec-ify
bit depth and compression options as you
would for the PICT format.
PIXAR
The PIXAR format is designed specifically for
exchanging files with PIXAR image computers.
PIXAR workstations are designed for high-end
graphics applications, such as those used for three-dimensional
images and animation.
PixelPaint
The PixelPaint file format lets you open files in the
PixelPaint graphics application on the Macintosh.
You should use this information for saving files for
PixelPaint 1.0 and 2.0. The PixelPaint options let
you specify the image size (canvas) you want to use
and whether you want the image to appear in the
center or in the upper left corner of the canvas
when you open the file. PixelPaint format is avail-able
only for indexed color and grayscale files.
PNG
The PNG format was developed as an alternative
to the GIF format and, like GIF, is used for display-ing
images on the World Wide Web and other
online services. PNG preserves all color informa-tion
and alpha channels in an image and uses a
lossless compression scheme to reduce file size.
When saving an image in PNG format, you can
choose to display the image in gradually increasing
detail as it is downloaded. To do this, select Adam7
for Interlace. You can also select a filtering algo-rithm,
which is used to prepare the image data for
compression.
321
Raw
The Raw format is a flexible file format for
transferring files between applications and com-puter
platforms. Raw format consists of a stream
of bytes describing the color information in the
file. Each pixel is described in binary format, in
which 0 equals black and 255 equals white. Adobe
Photoshop designates the number of channels
needed to describe the image, plus any additional
channels in the file. You can specify the file exten-sion
(Windows), file type (Macintosh), file creator
(Macintosh), and header information.
On the Macintosh, the file type is generally a four-character
ID that identifies the file; for example,
TEXT identifies the file as an ASCII text file. The
file creator is also generally a four-character ID.
Most Macintosh applications have a unique file
creator ID that is registered with the Apple
Computer Developer Services group.
The header parameter is the number of bytes of
information that will appear at the beginning of
the file, before the actual image information. This
value defines the number of zeros that will be
placed at the beginning of the file as placeholders.
By default, there is no header (header size = 0). You
can enter a header when you open the file in the
Raw format (see “Opening Raw files” on page 56).
You can also save the file without a header and
then use a file-editing program, such as Norton
Utilities Ò (Macintosh) or HEdit (Windows), to
replace the zeros with header information.
You can choose to save the image in an interleaved
or noninterleaved format. If you choose the inter-leaved
format, the color values (red, green, and
blue, for example) are stored sequentially. The
choice you make depends on the requirements of
the application you plan to use to open the file.
Scitex CT
The Scitex Continuous Tone (CT) format is avail-able
for RGB and CMYK images and grayscale
images. Scitex computers are used for high-end
image processing. Contact Scitex to obtain utilities
that will let you transfer files saved in the Scitex CT
format to a Scitex system. When you select the
Scitex CT option, the active Adobe Photoshop file
is converted directly to the Scitex format; you do
not select options for the conversion.
Images in Scitex CT format are CMYK files that
are often extremely large in size. For input, these
files are generated using a Scitex scanner. When
Adobe Photoshop outputs in Scitex CT format,
the files are printed to film by using the Scitex ras-terizing
unit, which produces separations with a
patented Scitex halftoning system. This system
produces very few moiré patterns and is often
demanded in professional color work, such as ads
that run in national magazines.
Targa
The TGA (Targa) format is designed for use on
systems that use the Truevision Ò video board and
is commonly supported by MS-DOS color appli-cations.
If you are saving an RGB image in this for-mat,
you can choose the color depth you want.
CHAPTER 13 322
Saving and Exporting Images
TIFF
The Tagged-Image File Format (TIFF) is used to
exchange files between applications and computer
platforms. The TIFF format supports LZW com-pression,
a lossless compression method that does
not discard detail from the image.
When you save an Adobe Photoshop image in
TIFF format, you can choose to save in a format
that can be read either by Macintosh or by IBM
PC-compatible computers. You can also choose to
compress the file to a smaller size automatically by
clicking the LZW Compression check box.
Adobe Photoshop reads and saves captions in TIFF
files. This feature is of particular use with the Asso-ciated
Press Picture Desk system, which uses the
same TIFF caption fields. For information on
using captions, see “Adding file information” on
page 307.
Placing Photoshop images in
other applications
Photoshop provides a number of features to help
you use images in other applications. You can use
clipping paths to create transparent areas in
images that you place in page-layout applications.
In addition, Macintosh users can use Photoshop’s
publish and subscribe features to ensure automatic
updates of images used in other programs.
Using clipping paths
Clipping paths let you export part of a Photoshop
image to an illustration or page-layout program. A
clipping path isolates part of a Photoshop image
and makes everything outside the isolated area
transparent when the image is printed or placed in
another application. This lets you place an image
into another file without obscuring the other file’s
background.
These examples show the effects of using a clip-ping
path. In the example below, the background
behind the ball was selected and changed to white.
When the ball was placed into the Adobe Illustra-tor
file, the white background blocked out the
underlying area.
Background selected
Background changed Image imported into
to white Adobe Illustrator
In the following example, the ball was selected and
converted into a path. The path was then saved as
a clipping path. When the Adobe Photoshop file
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