Linux 版 (精华区)
发信人: netiscpu (说不如做), 信区: Linux
标 题: [B] Red Hat Linux Unleashed (61)
发信站: 紫 丁 香 (Sat Jul 25 05:05:25 1998), 转信
Linux FTP Sites and Newsgroups
_________________________________________________________________
o FTP Sites
# What Is FTP?
# Connecting and Downloading Files with FTP
# Using ftpmail
# Linux FTP Archive Sites
o Bulletin Boards
# LINUX-related BBSes
@ United States BBSes
@ Outside of the United States
o Usenet Newsgroups
_________________________________________________________________
A
Linux FTP Sites and Newsgroups
If you have access to the Internet, either directly or through an
online service provider such as CompuServe, Delphi, or America Online,
you can access additional sources of Linux software and information.
There are two popular sources of Linux software and help available,
one through FTP and the other through Linux-specific Usenet
newsgroups.
If you don't have access to the Internet, you may still be able to get
some of the information available through other sources, such as
Bulletin Board Systems (BBSes) and CD-ROMs published by companies
specializing in redistributing public domain material.
FTP Sites
FTP is a method of accessing remote systems and downloading files. It
is quite easy to use and provides users with Internet access and a
fast method for updating their list of binaries.
For those without FTP access, but who can use electronic mail through
the Internet, the utility ftpmail can provide access to these FTP
sites.
What Is FTP?
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is one protocol in the TCP/IP family of
protocols. TCP/IP is used extensively as the communications protocol
of the Internet, as well as in many Local Area Networks (LANs). UNIX
systems almost always use TCP/IP as their protocol.
FTP is used to transfer files between machines running TCP/IP.
FTP-like programs are also available for some other protocols.
To use FTP, both ends of a connection must be running a program that
provides FTP services. To download a file from a remote system, you
must start your FTP software and instruct it to connect to the FTP
software running on the remote machine.
The Internet has many FTP archive sites. These are machines that are
set up to allow anyone to connect to them and download software. In
some cases, there are FTP archive sites that mirror each other. A
mirror site is one that maintains exactly the same software as another
site, so you simply connect to the one that is easiest for you to
access, and you have the same software available for downloading as if
you had connected to the other site.
Usually, when you connect to a remote system, you must log in. This
means you must be a valid user, with a username and password for that
remote machine. Because it is impossible to provide logins for
everyone who wants to access a public archive, many systems use
anonymous FTP. Anonymous FTP enables anyone to log into the system
with the login name of guest or anonymous and either no password or
the login name for the user's local system (used for auditing purposes
only).
Connecting and Downloading Files with FTP
Using FTP to connect to a remote site is quite easy. Assuming you have
access to the Internet either directly or through a service provider,
you must start FTP and provide the name of the remote system to which
you want to connect. If you are directly connected to the Internet,
the process is simple: you enter the ftp command with the name of the
remote site:
ftp sunsite.unc.edu
If you are using an online service, such as Delphi, you must access
its Internet services menus and invoke FTP from that. Some online
services allow you to enter the name of any FTP site at a prompt,
whereas others have some menus that list all available sites. You may
have to hunt through the online documentation for your service
provider to find the correct procedure.
After you issue the FTP command, your system will attempt to connect
to the remote machine. When it does (and assuming the remote system
allows FTP logins), the remote will prompt you for a user ID. If
anonymous FTP is supported on the system, a message will usually tell
you that. The login below is shown for the Linux FTP archive site
sunsite.unc.edu:
$ ftp sunsite.unc.edu
Connected to fddisunsite.oit.unc.edu.
220 helios FTP server (Version wu-2.4(39) Tue May 16 01:34:21 EDT 1995) ready.
Name (sunsite.unc.edu:username): anonymous
331 Guest login ok, send your complete e-mail address as password.
Password:
230 Guest login ok, access restrictions apply.
Remote system type is UNIX.
Using binary mode to transfer files.
ftp>
After the login process is completed, you will see the prompt ftp>,
indicating the system is ready to accept commands. When you log into
some systems, you will see a short message that might contain
instructions for downloading files, any restrictions that are placed
on you as an anonymous FTP user, or information about the location of
useful files. For example, you might see messages like this:
To get a binary file, type: BINARY and then: GET "File.Name" newfilename
To get a text file, type: ASCII and then: GET "File.Name" newfilename
Names MUST match upper, lower case exactly. Use the "quotes" as shown.
To get a directory, type: DIR. To change directory, type: CD "Dir.Name"
To read a short text file, type: GET "File.Name" TT
For more, type HELP or see FAQ in gopher.
To quit, type EXIT or Control-Z.
230- If you email to info@sunsite.unc.edu you will be sent help information
230- about how to use the different services sunsite provides.
230- We use the Wuarchive experimental ftpd. if you "get" <directory>.tar.Z
230- or <file>.Z it will compress and/or tar it on the fly. Using ".gz" instead
230- of ".Z" will use the GNU zip (/pub/gnu/gzip*) instead, a superior
230- compression method.
After you are connected to the remote system, you can use familiar
Linux commands to display file contents and move around the
directories. To display the contents of a directory, for example, use
the command ls or the DOS equivalent dir. To change to a subdirectory,
use the cd command. To return to the parent directory (the one above
the current directory), use the command cdup or cd ... There are no
keyboard shortcuts available with FTP, so you have to type in the name
of files or directories in their entirety.
When you have moved through the directories and have found a file you
want to move back to your home system, use the get command:
get "file1.txt"
The commands get (download) and put (upload) are relative to your home
machine. You are telling your system to get a file from the remote
location and put it on your local machine, or to put a file from your
local machine onto the remote machine. This is the exact opposite of
another commonly used TCP/IP protocol, telnet, which has everything
relative to the remote machine. It is important to remember which
command moves in which direction, or you could overwrite files
accidentally.
The quotation marks around the filename are optional for most versions
of FTP, but they do provide specific characters to the remote version
(preventing shell expansion), so the quotation marks should be used to
avoid mistakes. FTP provides two modes of file transfer: ASCII and
binary. Some systems will automatically switch between the two, but it
is a good idea to manually set the mode to ensure you don't waste
time. To set FTP in binary transfer mode (for any executable file),
type the command
binary
You can toggle back to ASCII mode with the command ASCII. As you will
most likely be checking remote sites for new binaries or libraries of
source code, it is a good idea to use binary mode for most transfers.
If you transfer a binary file in ASCII mode, it will not be executable
(or understandable) on your system. ASCII mode includes only the valid
ASCII characters and not the Ctrl-key sequences used within binaries.
Transferring an ASCII file in binary mode does not affect the
contents, although spurious noise may cause a problem in rare
instances.
When you issue a get command, the remote system will transfer data to
your local machine and display a status message when it is finished.
There is no indication of progress when a large file is being
transferred, so be patient.
ftp> get file1.txt
200 PORT command successful.
150 BINARY data connection for FILE1.TXT (27534 bytes)
226 BINARY Transfer complete.
27534 bytes received in 2.35 seconds (12 Kbytes/s).
To quit FTP, type the command quit, which will close your session on
the remote machine and then terminate FTP on your local machine.
Using ftpmail
If you don't have access to a remote site through FTP, all is not
lost. If you have electronic mail, you can still get files transferred
to you. Some online systems allow Internet mail to be sent and
received, but do not allow direct access to FTP. Similarly, some
Internet service providers offer UUCP accounts that do not allow
direct connection but do provide e-mail. To get to FTP sites and
transfer files, you use the ftpmail utility.
The site mentioned previously, sunsite.unc.edu, is a major Linux
archive site that supports ftpmail. All of the sites listed in this
appendix as Linux FTP sites also support ftpmail. To find out how to
use ftpmail, send an e-mail message to the login ftpmail at one of the
sites, such as ftpmail@sunsite.unc.edu, and have the body of the
message contain only one word: help.
By return mail, the ftpmail utility will send instructions for using
the service. Essentially, you send the body of the FTP commands you
want executed in a mail message, so you could get back a directory
listing of the Linux directory in a mail message with this text:
open sunsite.unc.edu
cd /pub/Linux
ls
quit
You could transfer a file back through e-mail with a similar mail
message:
open sunsite.unc.edu
cd /pub/Linux
binary
get README
quit
The ftpmail system is relatively slow, as you must wait for the e-mail
to make its way to the target machine and be processed by the remote,
then for the return message to make its way back to you. It does
provide a useful access method for those without FTP connections,
though, and a relatively easy way to check the contents of the Linux
directories on several machines.
Linux FTP Archive Sites
The list of Linux FTP archive sites changes slowly, but the sites
listed in Table A.1 were all valid and reachable when this book was
written. Many of these sites are mirror sites, providing exactly the
same contents.
To find the site nearest you, use the country identifier at the end of
the site name (fi=Finland, fr=France, and so on). Most versions of FTP
allow either the machine name or the IP address to be used, but if the
name cannot be resolved by the local Internet gateway, the IP address
is the best addressing method.
Table A.1. Linux FTP archive sites.
Site Name IP Address Directory
tsx-11.mit.edu 18.86.0.44 /pub/linux
sunsite.unc.edu 152.2.254.81 /pub/Linux
nic.funet.fi 128.214.248.6 /pub/Linux
ftp.dfv.rwth-aachen.de 137.226.4.111 /pub/linux
ftp.ibp.fr 132.227.77.2 /pub2/linux
ftp.uu.net 192.48.96.9 /
wuarchive.wustl.edu 128.252.135.4 /systems/linux
ftp.win.tue.nl 131.155.70.19 /pub/linux
ftp.ibr.cs.tu-bs.de 134.169.34.15 /pub/linux
ftp.denet.dk 129.142.6.74 /pub/OS/Linux
The primary home sites for the Linux archives are tsx-11.mit.edu,
sunsite.unc.edu, and nic.funet.fi. Home sites are where most of the
new software loads begin. The majority of sites in Table A.1 mirror
one of these three sites.
Bulletin Boards
There are literally hundreds of Bulletin Board Systems (BBSes) across
the world that offer Linux software. Some download new releases on a
regular basis from the FTP home sites, whereas others rely on the
users of the BBS to update the software.
A complete list of BBSes with Linux software available would be too
lengthy (as well as out-of-date almost immediately) to include here.
Zane Healy maintains a complete list of BBSes offering Linux material.
To obtain the list, send e-mail requesting the Linux list to
healyzh@holonet.net.
If you don't have access to e-mail, try posting messages on a few
local bulletin board systems asking for local sites that offer Linux
software, or ask someone with Internet access to post e-mail for you.
LINUX-related BBSes
Zane Healy (healyzh@holonet.net) maintains this list. If you know of
or run a BBS that provides Linux software but isn't on this list, you
should get in touch with him.
You can also get an up-to-date list on BBSes from tsx-11.mit.edu in
the /pub/linux/docs/bbs.list file. The lists shown below were
up-to-date at the time we went to print.
United States BBSes
Here is a list of some of the BBSes in the United States that carry
Linux or information about Linux:
1 Zero Cybernet BBS, (301) 589-4064. MD.
AVSync, (404) 320-6202. Atlanta, GA.
Allentown Technical, (215) 432-5699. 9600 v.32/v.42bis Allentown,
PA. WWIVNet 2578
Acquired Knowledge, (305) 720-3669. 14.4k v.32bis Ft. Lauderdale,
FL. Internet, UUCP
Atlanta Radio Club, (404) 850-0546. 9600 Atlanta, GA.
Brodmann's Place, (301) 843-5732. 14.4k Waldorf, MD. RIME
->BRODMANN, Fidonet
Centre Programmers Unit, (814) 353-0566. 14.4k V.32bis/HST
Bellefonte, PA.
Channel One, (617) 354-8873. Boston, MA. RIME ->CHANNEL
Citrus Grove Public Access, (916) 381-5822. ZyXEL 16.8/14.4
Sacramento, CA.
CyberVille, (817) 249-6261. 9600 TX. FidoNet 1:130/78
Digital Designs, (919) 423-4216. 14.4k, 2400 Hope Mills, NC.
Digital Underground, (812) 941-9427. 14.4k v.32bis IN. Usenet
Dwight-Englewood BBS, (201) 569-3543. 9600 v.42 Englewood, NJ.
Usenet
EchoMania, (618) 233-1659. 14.4k HST Belleville, IL. Fidonet
1:2250/1
Enlightend, (703) 370-9528. 14.4k Alexandria, VA. Fidonet
1:109/615
Flite Line, (402) 421-2434. Lincoln, NE. RIME ->FLITE, DS modem
Georgia Peach BBS, (804) 727-0399. 14.4k Newport News, VA.
Harbor Heights BBS, (207) 663-0391. 14.4k Boothbay Harbor, ME.
Horizon Systems, (216) 899-1293. 2400 Westlake, OH.
Information Overload, (404) 471-1549. 19.2k ZyXEL Atlanta, GA.
Fidonet 1:133/308
Intermittent Connection, (503) 344-9838. 14.4k HST v.32bis
Eugene, OR. 1:152/35
Horizon Systems, (216) 899-1086. USR v.32 Westlake, OH.
Legend, (402) 438-2433. Lincoln, NE. DS modem
Lost City Atlantis, (904) 727-9334. 14.4k Jacksonville, FL.
Fidonet
MAC's Place, (919) 891-1111. 16.8k, DS modem Dunn, NC. RIME ->MAC
MBT, (703) 953-0640. Blacksburg, VA.
Main Frame, (301) 654-2554. 9600 Gaithersburg, MD. RIME
->MAINFRAME
MegaByte Mansion, (402) 551-8681. 14.4 V,32bis Omaha, NE.
Micro Oasis, (510) 895-5985. 14.4k San Leandro, CA.
My UnKnown BBS, (703) 690-0669. 14.4k V.32bis VA. Fidonet
1:109/370
Mycroft QNX, (201) 858-3429. 14.4k NJ.
NOVA, (703) 323-3321. 9600 Annandale, VA. Fidonet 1:109/305
North Shore BBS, (713) 251-9757. Houston, TX.
PBS BBS, (309) 663-7675. 2400 Bloomington, IL.
Part-Time BBS, (612) 544-5552. 14.4k v.32bis Plymouth, MN.
Programmer's Center, (301) 596-1180. 9600 Columbia, MD. RIME
Programmer's Exchange, (818) 444-3507. El Monte, CA. Fidonet
Programmer's Exchange, (818) 579-9711. El Monte, CA.
Rebel BBS, (208) 887-3937. 9600 Boise, ID.
Rem-Jem, (703) 503-9410. 9600 Fairfax, VA.
Rocky Mountain HUB, (208) 232-3405. 38.4k Pocatello, ID. Fidonet,
SLNet, CinemaNet
Ronin BBS, (214) 938-2840. 14.4 HST/DS Waxahachie (Dallas), TX.
S'Qually Holler, (206) 235-0270. 14.4k USR D/S Renton, WA.
Slut Club, (813) 975-2603. USR/DS 16.8k HST/14.4K Tampa, FL.
Fidonet 1:377/42
Steve Leon's, (201) 886-8041. 14.4k Cliffside Park, NJ.
Tactical-Operations, (814) 861-7637. 14.4k V32bis/V42bis State
College, PA. Fidonet 1:129/226, tac_ops.UUCP
Test Engineering, (916) 928-0504. Sacramento, CA.
The Annex, (512) 575-0667. 2400 TX. Fidonet 1:3802/216
The Annex, (512) 575-1188. 9600 HST TX. Fidonet 1:3802/217
The Computer Mechanic, (813) 544-9345. 14.4k v.32bis
The Laboratory, (212) 927-4980. 16.8k HST, 14.4k v.32bis NY.
Fidonet 1:278/707
The Mothership Connection, (908) 940-1012. 38.4k Franklin Park,
NJ.
The OA Southern Star, (504) 885-5928. New Orleans, LA. Fidonet
1:396/1
The Outer Rim, (805) 252-6342. Santa Clarita, CA.
The Sole Survivor, (314) 846-2702. 14.4k v.32bis St. Louis, MO.
WWIVnet, WWIVlink, and so on.
Third World, (217) 356-9512. 9600 v.32 IL.
Top Hat BBS, (206) 244-9661. 14.4k WA. Fidonet 1:343/40
UNIX USER, (708) 879-8633. 14.4k Batavia, IL. Usenet, Internet
mail
Unix Online, (707) 765-4631. 9600 Petaluma, CA. Usenet access
VTBBS, (703) 231-7498. Blacksburg, VA.
VWIS Linux Support BBS, (508) 793-1570. 9600 Worcester, MA.
Valhalla, (516) 321-6819. 14.4k HST v.32 Babylon, NY. Fidonet
(1:107/25 5), Usenet
Walt Fairs, (713) 947-9866. Houston, TX. Fidonet 1:106/18
WaterDeep BBS, (410) 614-2190. 9600 v.32 Baltimore, MD.
WayStar BBS, (508) 480-8371. 9600 V.32bis or 14.4k USR/HST
Marlborough, MA. Fidonet 1:333/16
WayStar BBS, (508) 481-7147. 14.4k V.32bis USR/HST Marlborough,
MA. Fidonet 1:333 /14
WayStar BBS, (508) 481-7293. 14.4k V.32bis USR/HST Marlborough,
MA. Fidonet 1:333 /15
alaree, (512) 575-5554. 14.4k Victoria, TX.
hip-hop, (408) 773-0768. 19.2k Sunnyvale, CA. Usenet access
hip-hop, (408) 773-0768. 38.4k Sunnyvale, CA.
splat-ooh, (512) 578-2720. 14.4k Victoria, TX.
splat-ooh, (512) 578-5436. 14.4k Victoria, TX.
victrola.sea.wa.us, (206) 838-7456. 19.2k Federal Way, WA. Usenet
Outside of the United States
If you live outside the United States, you can get information about
Linux from these BBSes:
500cc Formula 1 BBS, +61-2-550-4317. V.32bis Sydney, NSW,
Australia.
A6 BBS, +44-582-460273. 14.4k Herts, UK. Fidonet 2:440/111
Advanced Systems, +64-9-379-3365. ZyXEL 16.8k Auckland, New
Zealand.
BOX/2, +49.89.601-96-77. 16.8 ZYX Muenchen, BAY, Germany.
Baboon BBS, +41-62-511726. 19.2k Switzerland.
Basil, +33-1-44670844. v.32bis Paris, Laurent Chemla, France.
BigBrother / R. Gmelch, +49.30.335-63-28. 16.8 Z16 Berlin, BLN,
Germany.
Bit-Company / J. Bartz, +49.5323.2539. 16.8 ZYX MO
Clausthal-Zfd., NDS, Germany
CRYSTAL BBS, +49.7152.240-86. 14.4 HST Leonberg, BW, Germany.
CS-Port / C. Schmidt, +49.30.491-34-18. 19.2 Z19 Berlin, BLN,
Germany.
Cafard Naum, +33-51701632. v.32bis Nantes, Yann Dupont, France.
DUBBS, +353-1-6789000. 19.2 ZyXEL Dublin, Ireland. Fidonet
2:263/167
DataComm1, +49.531.132-16. 14.4 HST Braunschweig, NDS, Germany.
Fidonet 2:240/55
DataComm2, +49.531.132-17. 14.4 HST Braunschweig, NDS, Germany.
Fidonet 2:240/55
Die Box Passau 2+1, +49.851.555-96. 14.4 V32b Passau, BAY,
Germany.
Die Box Passau ISDN, +49.851.950-464. 38.4/64k V.110/X.75 Passau,
BAY, Germany.
Die Box Passau Line 1, +49.851.753-789. 16.8 ZYX Passau, BAY,
Germany.
Die Box Passau Line 3, +49.851.732-73. 14.4 HST Passau, BAY,
Germany.
DownTown BBS Lelystad, +31-3200-48852. 14.4k Lelystad,
Netherlands.
Echoblaster BBS #1, +49.7142.213-92. HST/V32b Bietigheim, BW,
Germany.
Echoblaster BBS #2, +49.7142.212-35. V32b Bietigheim, BW,
Germany.
FORMEL-Box, +49.4191.2846. 16.8 ZYX Kaltenkirchen, SHL, Germany.
Fiffis Inn BBS, +49-89-5701353. 14.4-19.2 Munich, Germany.
Fractal Zone BBS /Maass, +49.721.863-066. 16.8 ZYX Karlsruhe, BW,
Germany.
Galaktische Archive, 0043-2228303804. 16.8 ZYX Wien, Austria.
Fidonet 2:310/77 (19:00-7:00)
Galway Online, +353-91-27454. 14.4k v32b Galway, Ireland.
Gunship BBS, +46-31-693306. 14.4k HST DS Gothenburg, Sweden.
Hipposoft /M. Junius, +49.241.875-090. 14.4 HST Aachen, NRW,
Germany.
Le Lien, +33-72089879. HST 14.4/V32bis Lyon, Pascal Valette,
France.
Linux Server /Braukmann, +49.441.592-963. 16.8 ZYX Oldenburg,
NDS, Germany.
Linux-Support-Oz, +61-2-418-8750. v.32bis 14.4k Sydney, NSW,
Australia.
LinuxServer / P. Berger, +49.711.756-275. 16.8 HST Stuttgart, BW,
Germany.
Logical Solutions, 403 299-9900 through 9911. 2400 AB, Canada.
Logical Solutions, 403 299-9912, 299-9913. 14.4k AB, Canada.
Logical Solutions, 403 299-9914 through 9917. 16.8k v.32bis AB,
Canada.
MM's Spielebox, +49.5323.3515. 14.4 ZYX Clausthal-Zfd., NDS,
Germany.
MM's Spielebox, +49.5323.3516. 16.8 ZYX Clausthal-Zfd., NDS,
Germany.
MM's Spielebox, +49.5323.3540. 9600 Clausthal-Zfd., NDS, Germany.
MUGNET Intl-Cistron BBS, +31-1720-42580. 38.4k Alphen a/d Rijn,
Netherlands.
Magic BBS, 403-569-2882. 14.4k HST/Telebit/MNP Calgary, AB,
Canada. Internet/Usenet
Modula BBS, +33-1 4043 0124. HST 14.4 v.32bis Paris, France.
Modula BBS, +33-1 4530 1248. HST 14.4 V.32bis Paris, France.
Nemesis' Dungeon, +353-1-324755 or 326900. 14.4k v32bis Dublin,
Ireland.
On the Beach, +444-273-600996. 14.4k/16.8k Brighton, UK. Fidonet
2:441/122
Pats System, +27-12-333-2049. 14.4k v.32bis/HST Pretoria, South
Africa.
Public Domain Kiste, +49.30.686-62-50. 16.8 ZYX BLN, Germany.
Fidonet 2:2403/17
Radio Free Nyongwa, 514-524-0829. v.32bis ZyXEL Montreal, QC,
Canada. Usenet, Fidonet
Rising Sun BBS, +49.7147.3845. 16.8 ZYX Sachsenheim, BW, Germany.
Fidonet 2:2407/4
STDIN BBS, +33-72375139. v.32bis Lyon, Laurent Cas, France.
Synapse, 819-246-2344. 819-561-5268 Gatineau, QC, Canada.
RIME->SYNAPSE
The Controversy, (65)560-6040. 14.4k V.32bis/HST Singapore.
The Field of Inverse Chaos, +358 0 506 1836. 14.4k v32bis/HST
Helsinki, Finland.
The Purple Tentacle, +44-734-590990. HST/V32bis Reading, UK.
Fidonet 2:252/305
The Windsor Download, (519)-973-9330. v32bis 14.4 ON, Canada.
Thunderball Cave, 472567018. Norway.
UB-HOFF /A. Hoffmann, +49.203.584-155. 19.2 ZYX+ Duisburg,
Germany.
V.A.L.I.S., 403-478-1281. 14.4k v.32bis Edmonton, AB, Canada.
Usenet
bakunin.north.de, +49.421.870-532. 14.4 D 2800 Bremen, HB,
Germany.
nonsolosoftware, +39 51 432904. ZyXEL 19.2k Italy. Fidonet
2:332/417
nonsolosoftware, +39 51 6140772. v.32bis, v.42bis Italy. Fidonet
2:332/407
r-node, 416-249-5366. 2400 Toronto, ON, Canada. Usenet
Usenet Newsgroups
Usenet is a collection of discussion groups (called newsgroups) that
is available to Internet users. There are more than 14,000 newsgroups
with over 2GB of traffic posted every single day. Of all of these
newsgroups (which cover every conceivable topic), several are
dedicated to Linux.
You can access Usenet newsgroups through special software called a
newsreader if you have access to a site that downloads the newsgroups
on a regular basis. Alternatively, most online services such as
CompuServe, America Online, and Delphi also offer access to Usenet.
Some BBSes also are providing limited access to newsgroups.
Usenet newsgroups fall into three categories: primary newsgroups,
which are readily available to all Usenet users; local newsgroups with
a limited distribution; and alternate newsgroups that may not be
handled by all news servers. The primary newsgroups of interest to
Linux users are
alt.os.linux alt.os.linux.caldera
alt.uu.comp.os.linux.questions at.fido.linux
comp.os.linux.advocacy comp.os.linux.announce
comp.os.linux.answers comp.os.linux.development.apps
comp.os.linux.development.system comp.os.linux.hardware
comp.os.linux.m68k comp.os.linux.misc
comp.os.linux.networking comp.os.linux.setup
comp.os.linux.x linux.act.680x0
linux.act.admin linux.act.apps
linux.act.bbsdev linux.act.chaos_digest
linux.act.compression linux.act.configs
linux.act.c-programming linux.act.debian
linux.act.dec_alpha linux.act.doc
linux.act.fido linux.act.fsf
linux.act.fsstnd linux.act.ftp
linux.act.gcc linux.act.hams
linux.act.ibcs2 linux.act.ibsc2
linux.act.interviews linux.act.japanese
linux.act.kernel linux.act.laptops
linux.act.linux-bbs linux.act.linuxbsd
linux.act.linuxnews linux.act.linuxss
linux.act.localbus linux.act.lugnuts
linux.act.mca linux.act.mgr
linux.act.mips linux.act.msdos
linux.act.mumail linux.act.net
linux.act.newbie linux.act.new-channels
linux.act.normal linux.act.nys
linux.act.oasg-trust linux.act.oi
linux.act.pkg linux.act.postgres
linux.act.ppp linux.act.promotion
linux.act.qag linux.act.scsi
linux.act.serial linux.act.seyon
linux.act.sound linux.act.svgalib
linux.act.sysvpkg-project linux.act.tape
linux.act.term linux.act.tktools
linux.act.userfs linux.act.uucp
linux.act.wabi linux.act.word
linux.act.x11 linux.admin.isp
linux.appletalk linux.apps.bbsdev
linux.apps.flexfax linux.apps.linux-bbs
linux.apps.seyon linux.apps.seyon.development
linux.bbs.rocat linux.debian
linux.debian.announce linux.debian.user
linux.dev.680x0 linux.dev.admin
linux.dev.apps linux.dev.atm
linux.dev.bbs linux.dev.config
linux.dev.c-programming linux.dev.debian
linux.dev.diald linux.dev.doc
linux.dev.fido linux.dev.fsf
linux.dev.fsstnd linux.dev.ftp
linux.dev.gcc linux.dev.hams
linux.dev.ibcs2 linux.dev.interviews
linux.dev.ipx linux.dev.japanese
linux.dev.kernel linux.dev.laptop
linux.dev.linuxbsd linux.dev.linuxnews
linux.dev.linuxss linux.dev.localbus
linux.dev.lugnuts linux.dev.mca
linux.dev.mgr linux.dev.msdos
linux.dev.net linux.dev.newbie
linux.dev.new-lists linux.dev.normal
linux.dev.nys linux.dev.oasg
linux.dev.oi linux.dev.pkg
linux.dev.ppp linux.dev.qag
linux.dev.scsi linux.dev.serial
linux.dev.seyon linux.dev.sound
linux.dev.standards linux.dev.svgalib
linux.dev.tape linux.dev.term
linux.dev.uucp linux.dev.wabi
linux.dev.word linux.dev.x11
linux.fido.ifmail linux.free-widgets.announce
linux.free-widgets.bugs linux.free-widgets.development
linux.largesites linux.local.chicago
linux.local.nova-scotia linux.local.silicon-valley
linux.motif.clone linux.news.groups
linux.new-tty linux.ports.alpha
linux.ports.hp-pa linux.ports.powerpc
linux.samba linux.samba.announce
linux.sdk linux.sources.kernel
linux.test linux.wine.users
Newsgroups specific to the X-windows environment installed with the
Linux distribution include:
comp.windows.x
comp.windows.x.announce
comp.windows.x.apps
comp.windows.x.i386unix
comp.windows.x.intrinsics
comp.windows.x.motif
These newsgroups should be available at all Usenet sites unless the
system administrator filters them out for some reason.
There are also regional newsgroups that usually are not widely
distributed, or that have specific issues which may be in a language
other than English. Some sample regional newsgroups carried by Usenet
are
dc.org.linux-users
de.comp.os.linux
fr.comp.os.linux
tn.linux
If you do have access to Usenet newsgroups, it is advisable to
regularly scan the newsgroup additions and deletions to check for new
Linux newsgroups or existing groups that have folded. Most online
services that provide access to Usenet maintain lists of all active
newsgroups, which can be searched quickly.
The traffic on most of these Linux newsgroups deals with problems and
issues people have when installing, configuring, or using the
operating system. Usually, there is a lot of valuable information
passing through the newsgroups, so check them regularly. The most
interesting messages that deal with a specific subject (called
threads) are collected and stored for access through an FTP site.
--
Enjoy Linux!
-----It's FREE!-----
※ 修改:.netiscpu 于 Jul 25 06:11:30 修改本文.[FROM: mtlab.hit.edu.cn]
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