发信人: tcpip (俺的昵称改了), 信区: Linux
标 题: Linux核心启动一览(转载)(转寄)
发信站: 哈工大紫丁香 (Thu Aug 19 19:19:52 1999), 转信
/*
用dmesg命令可以看到linux启动打出的消息.
从这可以看到linux启动的过程.
源文件可以到 http://gem.ncic.ac.cn/lance/lxr/source/init/main.c
*/
/**
内核的启动最后是到 start_kernel ( in /init/main.c )
head.S --> main.c(start_kernel) ..
建议每个人都读一下 main.c ( init/ )
有空可以读 head.S ( arch/i386/boot/ )
**/
/**
第一部分 : 内核初始化以及启动.
**/
Loading ....[ bootsect.S ]
uncompress .....[ decompress_kernel() ]
/*
* main.c ---> start_kernel() 开始.
*
* 开始 printk(banner);
*/
Linux version 2.2.6 (root@lance) (gcc version 2.7.2.3)
#40 Sun Apr 18 17:44:20 CST 1999
/* 以下是 /arch/i386/time.c 中 init_time() 打出的信息 */
Detected 199908264 Hz processor.
/* console_init() --> drivers/char/tty_io.c */
Console: colour VGA+ 80x25
/*运行一个循环,测量一下 MIPS -- 为什么要干这件傻事??*/
/* 我知道了 ... 这是因为内核需要知道一个确定的机器指令周期来实现实时的延迟.
为什么要打印出来 ?? 这有两个原因 :
1 . 用于 DEBUG .
2 . 搞笑用途 , Linus Torvalds 每每看见用户对此疑惑不解时,总是
大笑....:-((
*/
Calibrating delay loop... 199.48 BogoMIPS
/* init_mem */
Memory: 63396k/65536k available (848k kernel code, 408k reserved, 856k data
, 28k
/** dquote_init() **/
VFS: Diskquotas version dquot_6.4.0 initialized
/* ?????????? **/
CPU: Intel Pentium Pro stepping 09
Checking 386/387 coupling... OK, FPU using exception 16 error reporting.
Checking 'hlt' instruction... OK.
POSIX conformance testing by UNIFIX
/**
此后调用 linux_thread(init ,..,..,)(arch/i386/kernel/process.c)
创建一个运行 init 的进程.
从此...开始了一个新的阶段 :
进入了用户模式 ( user_mode) ,跳到以下第二部分.----+
|
|
End of start_kernel |
|
最后进入cpu_idle ( arch/i386/kernel/process.c ) |
|
**/ |
|
/** |
第二部分 <-------------------------------------+
以下是对设备的初始化 . init()--->do_basic_init()--+
**/ |
/* |
* pci_init() <------------------------------------+
* |
*/ +------------------------------------+
PCI: PCI BIOS revision 2.10 entry at 0xfd8d1 |
PCI: Using configuration type 1 |
PCI: Probing PCI hardware |
|
/** |
对Socket的初始化,socket_init() <------------------+
**/ |
+--------------------------+
Linux NET4.0 for Linux 2.2 |
Based upon Swansea University Computer Society NET3.039 |
NET4: Unix domain sockets 1.0 for Linux NET4.0. |
NET4: Linux TCP/IP 1.0 for NET4.0 |
IP Protocols: ICMP, UDP, TCP |
/** **/ |
Starting kswapd v 1.5 kswapd_setup() <-------------------+
/** Mouse **/ |
Detected PS/2 Mouse Port. |
device_setup()
/** 声卡 **/ |
|
Sound initialization started |
Sound initialization complete |
|
/** 软驱 **/ |
|
Floppy drive(s): fd0 is 1.44M |
FDC 0 is a National Semiconductor PC87306 |
|
/** SCSI 设备的初始化 **/ +----------------------------+
|
(scsi0) <Adaptec AIC-7880 Ultra SCSI host adapter> found at PCI 13/0 |
(scsi0) Wide Channel, SCSI ID=7, 16/255 SCBs |
(scsi0) Downloading sequencer code... 419 instructions downloaded |
scsi0 : Adaptec AHA274x/284x/294x (EISA/VLB/PCI-Fast SCSI) 5.1.10/3.2.4 |
<Adaptec AIC-7880 Ultra SCSI host adapter> |
scsi : 1 host. |
Vendor: SEAGATE Model: ST32155W Rev: 0596 |
Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI revision: 02 |
Detected scsi disk sda at scsi0, channel 0, id 0, lun 0 |
Vendor: SEAGATE Model: ST32155W Rev: 0596 |
Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI revision: 02 |
Detected scsi disk sdb at scsi0, channel 0, id 1, lun 0 |
scsi : detected 2 SCSI disks total. |
(scsi0:0:0:0) Synchronous at 40.0 Mbyte/sec, offset 8. |
SCSI device sda: hdwr sector= 512 bytes. Sectors= 4197405 [2049 MB] [2.0 GB
](scsi0:0:1:0) Synchronous at 40.0 Mbyte/sec, offset 8.
SCSI device sdb: hdwr sector= 512 bytes. Sectors= 4197405 [2049 MB] [2.0 GB
]Partition check: |
sda: sda1 |
sdb: sdb1 sdb2 < sdb5 sdb6 > |
/** |
<------------------------------------+
安装 文件系统 filesystem_setup()
安装设备驱动程序 |
mount_root()
**/ +------------------------------------>..
VFS: Mounted root (ext2 filesystem) readonly. |
|
Freeing unused kernel memory: 28k freed |
Adding Swap: 66540k swap-space (priority -1) |
Soundblaster audio driver Copyright (C) by Hannu Savolainen 1993-1996 |
SB 3.01 detected OK (220) |
<ESS ES1688 AudioDrive (rev 11) (3.01)> at 0x220 irq 5 dma 1 |
YM3812 and OPL-3 driver Copyright (C) by Hannu Savolainen, Rob Hooft 1993-1
996<Yamaha OPL3> at 0x388 |
NET4: AppleTalk 0.18 for Linux NET4.0 +--+
eth0: Intel EtherExpress Pro 10/100 at 0xf800, 00:A0:C9:49:2F:FF, IRQ 9. |
Board assembly 645520-034, Physical connectors present: RJ45 |
Primary interface chip DP83840 PHY #1. |
DP83840 specific setup, setting register 23 to 8462. |
General self-test: passed. |
Serial sub-system self-test: passed. |
Internal registers self-test: passed.
| ROM checksum self-test: passed (0x49caa8d6).
| Receiver lock-up workaround activated.
|NET4: AppleTalk 0.18 for Linux NET4.0
| <----------------------------------------
-------+/* 结束 do_basic_setup()
* open("/dev/console", O_RDWR, 0)
* 开始执行 /sbin/init ( execv(...) )
* 内核就此启动完毕...
* 以后就他的作用就是接受消息和信号来工作.
* ( 通过 fork 来产生新的进程 )..
*/
--
※ 来源:．BBS 曙光站 bbs.ncic.ac.cn．[IP: 159.226.41.99]
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※ 修改:．tcpip 于 Aug 19 19:20:43 修改本文．[FROM: mtmail.hit.edu.c]
※ 转寄:．紫 丁 香 bbs.hit.edu.cn．[FROM: mtmail.hit.edu.c]
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☆ 来源:．哈工大紫丁香 bbs.hit.edu.cn．[FROM: bin@mtlab.hit.edu.cn]