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发信人: tcpip (偶的昵称改了), 信区: Linux
标  题: smb.conf(5)--from linux forum--2
发信站: 紫丁香 (Mon Jan  3 12:47:28 2000) WWW-POST

       The [printers] section (打印机共享设置段)

              This section works like [homes], but for  printers.

              这一段很象[homes]段,不过是用于设置共享打印机的.

              If a [printers] section occurs in the configuration
              file, users are able  to  connect  to  any  printer
              specified in the local host's printcap file.

              如果在本配置文件中存在[printers]段,用户就可以连接到
              在主机上的printcap文件中指定的任一打印机.

              When  a  connection  request  is made, the existing
              sections are scanned. If a match is  found,  it  is
              used.  If  no match is found, but a [homes] section
              exists, it is used as described  above.  Otherwise,
              the  requested section name is treated as a printer
              name and the appropriate printcap file  is  scanned
              to  see  if  the  requested section name is a valid
              printer share name. If a  match  is  found,  a  new
              printer  share is created by cloning the [printers]
              section.

              当服务器收到连接请求时,首先在已定义的段中搜索,如果段
              名与被请求的共享资源名一致,则该段的内容就被采用.如果
              没有找到匹配的段,且在配置文件中存在[homes]段,则按照
              前面所说的方式处理.否则,被请求的资源就被当作是一个打
              印机名,服务器在适当的printcap文件中查找,检验被请求的
              共享资源名是否是有效的打印机共享名.如果共享名匹配,服
              务器就会复制[printers]段的内容来生成一个共享打印服务
              (供用户使用).

              A few modifications are then made to the newly cre-
              ated share:
              这个新生成的共享打印服务要做少量如下改动:
              (和[printers]段相比)

       o      The share name is set to the located printer name

              共享名被设置为查找到的打印机名

       o      If  no  printer name was given, the printer name is
              set to the located printer name

              如果未设置打印机名,则前面查找到的打印机名就作为该打印
              机名.

       o      If the share does not permit guest  access  and  no
              username  was  given,  the  username  is set to the
              located printer name.

              如果该共享资源不允许以来访者身份进行操作,且用户名没有
              给出,那么用户名就被设为前面查找到的打印机名.

              Note that the [printers] service MUST be  printable
              -  if you specify otherwise, the server will refuse
              to load the configuration file.

              注意,[printers]段必须设置为可打印的(printable),如果你
              做了相反的设置,服务器会拒绝装载该配置文件.

              Typically the path specified would  be  that  of  a
              world-writeable spool directory with the sticky bit
              set on it. A typical [printers]  entry  would  look
              like this:

              典型的path(路径)用粘贴位设成一个公用的可写缓冲区。
      一个典型的[printers]段一般就象下面示范的那样:

                   [printers]
                        path = /usr/spool/public
                        writeable = no
                        guest ok = yes
                        printable = yes

              All  aliases  given  for  a printer in the printcap
              file are legitimate printer names  as  far  as  the
              server  is  concerned.  If  your printing subsystem
              doesn't work like that, you will have to set  up  a
              pseudo-printcap.  This  is a file consisting of one
              or more lines like this:

              每个打印机在printcap文件中列出的所有别名是与服务器相关
              的所有有效的打印机名.如果你的系统的打印子系统的工作方式
              不是这样,你就必须设置一个假的printcap文件,其中的包含一
              行或多行下面格式的设置:

                      alias|alias|alias|alias...

                      别名1|别名2|别名3|别名4...

              Each alias should be an acceptable printer name for
              your  printing  subsystem. In the [global] section,
              specify the new file as your printcap.  The  server
              will  then  only  recognize  names  found  in  your
              pseudo-printcap, which of course can contain  what-
              ever  aliases you like. The same technique could be
              used simply to limit access to  a  subset  of  your
              local printers.

              每个别名必须是你的打印子系统可以接受的打印机名.在[glo-
              bal]段中指定这个新文件作为你的printcap文件.这个假prin-
              tcap文件可以包含任何你所喜欢的别名,而服务器将只识别在此
              文件中列出的名字.这个技术可以很方便的用于限制对你的本地
              打印机的子集的访问.

              An  alias,  by the way, is defined as any component
              of the first entry of a  printcap  record.  Records
              are separated by newlines, components (if there are
              more than one) are separated by vertical  bar  sym-
              bols ("|").

              顺便提一下,别名在printcap文件中被定义为每个记录的第一个
              条目的成分.记录由换行分隔.如果一条记录中有多个成分,成分
              之间由"|"符号分隔.

              NOTE: On SYSV systems which use lpstat to determine
              what printers are defined on the system you may  be
              able  to  use "printcap name = lpstat" to automati-
              cally obtain a list of printers. See the  "printcap
              name" option for more details.

              注意,在SYSV系统中,使用lpstat来确定系统中安装了什么样
              的打印机.你可以设置"printcap name = lpstat"来自动获
              得打印机列表.详情参见"printcap name"选项.

PARAMETERS(参数)
       Parameters define the specific attributes of sections.

       参数定义了每个段的细节特征.

       Some  parameters  are  specific  to  the  [global] section
       (e.g., security).  Some parameters are usable in all  sec-
       tions (e.g., create mode). All others are permissible only
       in normal sections. For  the  purposes  of  the  following
       descriptions  the  [homes] and [printers] sections will be
       considered normal.  The letter 'G'  in  parentheses  indi-
       cates  that  a  parameter is specific to the [global] sec-
       tion. The letter 'S' indicates that  a  parameter  can  be
       specified in a service specific section. Note that all 'S'
       parameters can also be specified in the [global] section -
       in  which  case  they will define the default behavior for
       all services.

       有些参数是在[global]段中设定的(比如有关安全特性的设置),有些参
       数是可以出现在任何段落中的(比如生成方式),剩下的那些参数就只能
       出现在普通的段落中了.在以后的描述中,[homes]和[printers]段被看
       作是普通的段落.标记(G)表示此参数只能在[global]段中设置,标记(S)
       表示此参数可以在服务定义段落中设置.注意,有(S)标记的参数也可以
       出现在[global]段中,在这种情况下,这个参数设置被当作所有其他段落
       的缺省设置.

       Parameters are arranged here in alphabetical order -  this
       may  not create best bedfellows, but at least you can find
       them! Where there are synonyms, the preferred  synonym  is
       described, others refer to the preferred synonym.

       参数的详细说明是按照字母顺序排列的,这样也许不是最好的分类方式,
       但至少保证你可以找得到他们.如果有多个同义词,那么我们只对首选的
       那个参数名作详细说明,其他的同义词都只指明参阅那个首选的参数名.

VARIABLE SUBSTITUTIONS(变量置换)
       Many  of  the strings that are settable in the config file
       can take substitutions. For example  the  option  "path  =
       /tmp/%u" would be interpreted as "path = /tmp/john" if the
       user connected with the username john.

       许多在配置文件中可设置的字符串都可以进行替换.例如,当用户以john
       的用户名建立连接后,选项"path = /tmp/%u"就被解释成"path = /tmp-
       /john".

       These substitutions are mostly noted in  the  descriptions
       below,  but  there  are  some  general substitutions which
       apply whenever they might be relevant. These are:

       大部分置换在后面的描述中说明,这里说明一些可以在任何地方被引
       用的全局置换.它们是:

       o      %S = the name of the current service, if any.

              %S = 当前服务名


       o      %P = the root directory of the current service,  if
              any.

              %P = 当前服务的根目录

       o      %u = user name of the current service, if any.

              %u = 当前服务的用户名

       o      %g = primary group name of %u.

              %g = %u的用户组名

       o      %U  =  session  user  name  (the user name that the
              client wanted, not necessarily the same as the  one
              they got).

              %U = 会话用户名(客户端所提供的用户名,不一定与其所实际
              取得的用户名一致.) 也就是说,尽管客户端以%U为用户名登录,
              服务器在某些设置下,可以把它当成其他用户来处理实际访问
              --译注

       o      %G = primary group name of %U.

              %G = %U的用户组名

       o      %H = the home directory of the user given by %u.

              %H = %u所确定的用户的'家'目录

       o      %v = the Samba version.

              %v = Samba的版本

       o      %h  =  the  internet hostname that Samba is running
              on.

              %h = 运行Samba的主机的internet主机名

       o      %m = the NetBIOS name of the client  machine  (very
              useful).

              %m = 客户端的NetBIOS协议机器名(非常有用)

       o      %L  =  the  NetBIOS name of the server. This allows
              you to change your config based on what the  client
              calls  you.  Your server can have a "dual personal-
              ity".

              %L = 服务器的NetBIOS协议机器名.这使得你可以根据呼叫你
              的客户端来改变你的配置,这样,你的服务器就可以拥有"双重
              人格".:-)

       o      %M = the internet name of the client machine.

              %M = 客户端在internet上的机器名

       o      %N = the name of your NIS  home  directory  server.
              This  is obtained from your NIS auto.map entry.  If
              you have not compiled Samba with  the  --with-auto-
              mount  option  then  this value will be the same as
              %L.

              %N = NIS服务器的名字，它由auto.map得到. 如果没有
              用--with-auto-mount选项编译samba,那么它的值和%L相同.

       o      %p = the path  of  the  service's  home  directory,
              obtained  from  your  NIS  auto.map  entry. The NIS
              auto.map entry is split up as "%N:%p".

              %p = 服务的路径。它由NIS的auot.map得到. NIS的auot.map
              入口项被分成"%N:%p".

       o      %R = the selected  protocol  level  after  protocol
              negotiation.  It can be one of CORE, COREPLUS, LAN-
              MAN1, LANMAN2 or NT1.

              %R = 用来交流的协议,它可以是CORE, COREPLUS,LANMAN1,
              LANMAN2或NT1中的一种.

       o      %d = The process id of the current server  process.

              %d = 当前samba服务器的进程号

       o      %a  =  the architecture of the remote machine. Only
              some are recognized, and  those  may  not  be  100%
              reliable.  It  currently  recognizes  Samba,  WfWg,
              WinNT and Win95. Anything else  will  be  known  as
              "UNKNOWN". If it gets it wrong then sending a level
              3 log to samba-bugs@samba.org should allow it to be
              fixed.

              %a  = 远程主机的结构.现在只能认出来某些类型,并且
              这些也不是一定可靠的. 目前能认出来的有Samba,WfWg,
              WinNT和Win95. 任何其他的都被认作"UNKNOWN". 如果
              出现错误就给samba-bugs@samba.org发一个3级的日志
              以便修复这个bug.

       o      %I = The IP address of the client machine.

              %I = 客户端的IP地址.

       o      %T = the current date and time.

              %T = 当前的日期和时间

       There are some quite creative things that can be done with
       these substitutions and other smb.conf options.

       灵活运用这些置换和其他的smb.conf选项可以做出非常有创造性
       和有趣的事情来. :)

NAME MANGLING(名称截取)
       Samba supports "name mangling" so  that  DOS  and  Windows
       clients  can  use files that don't conform to the 8.3 for-
       mat. It can also be set to adjust the case of  8.3  format
       filenames.

       Samba支持"名称截取",这样dos和windows客户端就可以使用与8.3格式
       不一致的文件.也可以用来调整8.3格式文件名的大小写.

       There are several options that control the way mangling is
       performed, and they are grouped here  rather  than  listed
       separately.  For  the  defaults  look at the output of the
       testparm program.

       控制名称截取的行为有一些选项, 下面集中列出来. 对于缺省情况
       请看testparm程序的输出结果.

       All of these options can be set separately for  each  ser-
       vice (or globally, of course).

       所有这些选项都可以针对每个服务单独设置(当然也可以设为全局变量)

       The options are:

       这些选项是:

       "mangle case = yes/no" controls if names that have charac-
       ters that aren't of the "default" case  are  mangled.  For
       example,  if  this is yes then a name like "Mail" would be
       mangled. Default no.

       "mangle case = yes/no" 的作用是:如果文件名不是缺省的情况,
       Samba是否进行截取.例如,如果设为yes,象"Mail"这样的文件名就
       会被截取.缺省设置是no.

       "case sensitive = yes/no" controls whether  filenames  are
       case  sensitive. If they aren't then Samba must do a file-
       name search and match on passed names. Default no.

       "case sensitive = yes/no" 控制文件名是否区分大小写. 如果
       设为yes,Samba就必须找完全匹配的文件名.缺省设置是no.

       "default case = upper/lower"  controls  what  the  default
       case is for new filenames. Default lower.

       "case sensitive = yes/no" 控制文件名是否区分大小写. 如果
       设为yes,Samba就必须找完全匹配的文件名.缺省设置是no.

       "preserve case = yes/no" controls if new files are created
       with the case that the  client  passes,  or  if  they  are
       forced to be the "default" case. Default Yes.

       "preserve case = yes/no" 用来控制是否保持大小写不变.缺省
       为yes.

       "short preserve case = yes/no" controls if new files which
       conform to 8.3 syntax, that is all in upper  case  and  of
       suitable  length,  are  created upper case, or if they are
       forced to be the "default" case. This option  can  be  use
       with  "preserve  case  =  yes" to permit long filenames to
       retain their case, while short names are lowered.  Default
       Yes.

       "short preserve case = yes/no" 用来控制符合8.3格式的文件名
       是否保持大小写. 比如设为yes的时候,如果所有的字符都是大写,
       并且长度合适,那么就生成大写的文件名, 也可以强制设为缺省.
       这个"缺省"可以用上面的"preserve  case  =  yes"允许长文件名保
       持大小写不变,而短文件名为小写. 本项的缺省设置是Yes.

       By  default, Samba 2.0 has the same semantics as a Windows
       NT server, in that it is case insensitive  but  case  pre-
       serving.

       缺省情况下,Samba2.0与Windows NT有相同的语义,这样它是不区分
       大小写并且保持大小写的.

NOTE ABOUT USERNAME/PASSWORD VALIDATION(用户名/口令确认注意事项)
       There  are a number of ways in which a user can connect to
       a service. The  server  follows  the  following  steps  in
       determining  if  it will allow a connection to a specified
       service. If all the steps fail then the connection request
       is  rejected.  If one of the steps pass then the following
       steps are not checked.

       用户有多种连接到samba服务器的方式.服务器按照下面的步骤来确定
       是否允许客户对指定服务的连接.如果
--
"这一千多年没写诗了?"
"写了, 不过只写了两句."
"千年得两句, 一定是万古丽句了. 念来听听."
"好吧, 我现丑了" 太白星清了清嗓子, 浑厚的男中音在天庭响起:
大海啊, 都是水;
骏马啊, 四条腿;

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