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发信人: hitwdh (一潭死水), 信区: office_tools
标 题: TeX Frequently Asked Questions list
发信站: 哈工大紫丁香 (2003年11月12日18:47:46 星期三), 站内信件
Introduction
This FAQ was originated by the Committee of the UK TeX Users' Group
(UK TUG) as a development of a regular posting to the Usenet newsgroup
comp.text.tex that was maintained for some time by Bobby Bodenheimer.
The first UK version was much re-arranged and corrected from the
original, and little of Bodenheimer's work now remains.
An alternative HTML version of the FAQ may be found on the TeX Live
CDROM.
A copy of the complete FAQ, in PDF with many hyperlinks, may be found on
help/uk-tex-faq/newfaq.pdf (formatted for A4 paper) or
help/uk-tex-faq/letterfaq.pdf (formatted for North American "letter"
paper).
Most members of the committee of UK TUG, over the years since 1994, have
contributed to this FAQ to some extent. The following people, who
have never been members of the committee, have also contributed help
or advice: Donald Arseneau, Barbara Beeton, Karl Berry, Giuseppe
Bilotta, Charles Cameron, Damian Cugley, Michael Dewey, Michael Downes,
Thomas Esser, Anthony Goreham, Norman Gray, Eitan Gurari, Hartmut
Henkel, John Hobby, Berthold Horn, Ian Hutchinson, Werner Icking,
David Kastrup, Regnor Jernsletten, Daniel Luecking, Sanjoy Mahajan,
Andreas Matthias, Ted Nieland, Hans Nordhaug, Pat Rau, Heiko Oberdiek,
Piet van Oostrum, Scott Pakin, Oren Patashnik, José Carlos Santos,
Walter Schmidt, Hans-Peter Schr?cker, Joachim Schrod, Ulrik Vieth,
Mike Vulis, Peter Wilson, Rick Zaccone and Reinhard Zierke.
Caveat: Acquiring files
Most answers in this FAQ provide links for downloading software; a large
proportion of these links direct you to entire directories on the
CTAN archives. Unfortunately, some browsers issue a sequence of commands
that causes CTAN servers to deny the existence of compressed archive
files of the directory. The FAQ now therefore offers three possible
links for downloading directories (that aren't already designated
"browse only"): the links give you .tar.gz and .zip archives, and (for
those with the troublesome browsers) a link for browsing the directory.
Searching
The index of Frequently Asked Questions about TeX is searchable.
Please enter your keyword here:
then press here:
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The Background
What is TeX?
How should I pronounce "TeX"?
What is Metafont?
What is MetaPost?
How can I be sure it's really TeX?
Are TeX and friends Y2K compliant?
What is LaTeX?
What is LaTeX2e?
How should I pronounce "LaTeX(2e)"?
Should I use Plain TeX or LaTeX?
How does LaTeX relate to Plain TeX?
What is ConTeXt?
What are the AMS packages (AMSTeX, etc.)?
What is Eplain?
What is Lollipop?
What is Texinfo?
If TeX is so good, how come it's free?
What is the future of TeX?
Reading (La)TeX files
Why is TeX not a WYSIWYG system?
TeX User Groups
Documentation and Help
Books on TeX and its relations
Books on Type
Where to find FAQs
Where to get help
How to ask a question
(La)TeX Tutorials, etc.
Documentation of packages
Learning to write LaTeX classes and packages
Metafont and MetaPost Tutorials
BibTeX Documentation
Where can I find the symbol for...
The PiCTeX manual
Bits and pieces of TeX
What is a DVI file?
What is a driver?
What are PK files?
What are TFM files?
Virtual fonts
\special commands
Documented LaTeX sources (.dtx files)
What are encodings?
How does hyphenation work in TeX?
What are the EC fonts?
What is the TDS?
What is "Encapsulated PostScript"
Acquiring the Software
Repositories of TeX material
What's the CTAN nonfree tree?
Contributing a file to the archives
Finding (La)TeX macro packages
Finding files in the CTAN archives
Finding files by Web search
Finding new fonts
TeX CDROMs
TeX Systems
(La)TeX for different machines
TeX-friendly editors and shells
Commercial TeX implementations
DVI Drivers and Previewers
DVI to PostScript conversion programs
DVI drivers for HP LaserJet
Output to "other" printers
DVI previewers
Support Packages for TeX
Fig, a TeX-friendly drawing package
TeXCAD, a drawing package for LaTeX
Spelling checkers for work with TeX
How many words have you written?
Literate programming
What is Literate Programming?
WEB systems for various languages
Format conversions
Conversion between (La)TeX and others
Conversion from (La)TeX to plain ASCII
Conversion from SGML or HTML to TeX
(La)TeX conversion to HTML
Using TeX to read SGML or XML directly
Retrieving (La)TeX from DVI, etc.
Translating LaTeX to Plain TeX
Hypertext and PDF
Making hypertext documents from TeX
Making Acrobat documents from LaTeX
Quality of PDF from PostScript
Finding '8-bit' Type 1 fonts
Replacing Type 3 fonts in PostScript
Fonts
Metafont fonts
Getting Metafont to do what you want
Which font files should be kept
Acquiring bitmap fonts
Adobe Type 1 ("PostScript") fonts
Using PostScript fonts with TeX
Previewing files using Type 1 fonts
TeX font metric files for PostScript fonts
Deploying Type 1 fonts
Choice of scalable outline fonts
Weird characters in dvips output
Particular font families
Using the "Concrete" fonts
Graphics
How to import graphics into (La)TeX documents
Graphics in dvips
Graphics in PDFLaTeX
Making MetaPost output display in ghostscript
Drawing with TeX
Drawing Feynman diagrams in LaTeX
Labelling graphics
Limit the width of included graphics
Top-aligning graphics
Bibliographies and citations
Creating bibliographies
Creating a bibliography style
Capitalisation in BibTeX
'String too long' in BibTeX
BibTeX doesn't understand lists of names
URLs in BibTeX bibliographies
Using BibTeX with Plain TeX
Creating citations
Separate bibliographies per chapter?
Multiple bibliographies?
Putting bibliography entries in text
Sorting and compressing citations
Multiple citations
References from the bibliography to the citation
Manipulating whole bibliographies
Listing all your BibTeX entries
Making HTML of your Bibliography
Installing (La)TeX files
Installing a new package
Where to put new files
Installing MikTeX "known packages"
"Temporary" installation of (La)TeX files
Adjusting the typesetting
Alternative document classes
Replacing the standard classes
Formatting a thesis in LaTeX
Setting papers for journals
A 'report' from lots of 'article's
Curriculum Vitae (Resumé)
Letters and the like
Other "document font" sizes?
Document structure
The style of document titles
The style of section headings
Indent after section headings
How to create a \subsubsubsection
The style of captions
Alternative head- and footlines in LaTeX
Wide figures in two-column documents
1-column abstract in 2-column document
Really blank pages between chapters
Balancing columns at the end of a document
My section title is too wide for the page header
Page numbering "<n> of <m>"
Page numbering by chapter
Page layout
Changing the margins in LaTeX
How to get rid of page numbers
\pagestyle{empty} on first page in LaTeX
How to create crop marks
'Watermarks' on every page
Typesetting things in landscape orientation
Putting things at fixed positions on the page
Preventing page breaks between lines
Parallel setting of text
Spacing of characters and lines
Double-spaced documents in LaTeX
Changing the space between letters
Setting text ragged right
Cancelling \ragged commands
Typesetting specialities
Including a file verbatim in LaTeX
Including line numbers in typeset output
Code listings in LaTeX
Generating an index in (La)TeX
Typesetting URLs
Typesetting music in TeX
Zero paragraph indent
Big letters at the start of a paragraph
The comma as a decimal separator
Breaking boxes of text
Overstriking characters
Tables of contents and indexes
The format of the Table of Contents, etc.
Unnumbered sections in the Table of Contents
Bibliography, index, etc., in TOC
Multiple indexes
How do I do...?
Mathematics
Proof environment
Roman theorems
Defining a new log-like function in LaTeX
Set specifications and Dirac brackets
Cancelling terms in maths expressions
Lists
Fancy enumeration lists
How to reduce list spacing
Interrupting enumerated lists
Tables, figures and diagrams
Fixed-width tables
Spacing lines in tables
Tables longer than a single page
How to alter the alignment of tabular cells
Flowing text around figures in LaTeX
Floating tables, figures, etc.
Floats on their own on float pages
Extra vertical space in floats
Placing two-column floats at bottom of page
Floats in multicolumn setting
Facing floats on 2-page spread
Vertical layout of float pages
Footnotes
Footnotes in tables
Footnotes in LaTeX section headings
Footnotes in captions
Footnotes whose texts are identical
More than one sequence of footnotes
Document management
What's the name of this file
All the files used by this document
Marking changed parts of your document
Conditional compilation and "comments"
Bits of document from other directories
Version control using RCS or CVS
Makefiles for LaTeX documents
How many pages are there in my document?
Including Plain TeX files in LaTeX
Hyphenation
My words aren't being hyphenated
Weird hyphenation of words
(Merely) peculiar hyphenation
Accented words aren't hyphenated
Using a new language with Babel
Stopping all hyphenation
Preventing hyphenation of a particular word
Odds and ends
Typesetting all those TeX-related logos
Referring to things by their name
How to do bold-tt or bold-sc
Symbols, etc.
Symbols for the number sets
Better script fonts for maths
Setting bold Greek letters in LaTeX
The Principal Value Integral symbol
How to use the underscore character
How to type an '@' sign?
Typesetting the Euro sign
How to get copyright, trademark, etc.
Macro programming
"Generic" macros
Finding the width of a letter, word, or phrase
Patching existing commands
Comparing the "job name"
Is the argument a number?
Defining macros within macros
Spaces in macros
How to break the 9-argument limit
Defining characters as macros
Active characters in command arguments
Defining a macro from an argument
Transcribing LaTeX command definitions
LaTeX macros
How to change LaTeX's "fixed names"
Changing the words babel uses
Running equation, figure and table numbering
\@ and @ in macro names
What's the reason for 'protection'?
\edef does not work with \protect
Optional arguments like \section
Making labels from a counter
Finding if you're on an odd or an even page
How to change the format of labels
A command with two optional arguments
Adjusting the presentation of section numbers
The definitions of LaTeX commands
Things are Going Wrong...
Getting things to fit
Enlarging TeX
Why can't I load PiCTeX?
Making things stay where you want them
Moving tables and figures in LaTeX
Underlined text won't break
Controlling widows and orphans
Things have "gone away"
Old LaTeX font references such as \tenrm
Missing symbol commands
Where are the msx and msy fonts?
Where are the am fonts?
Why does it do that?
Common errors
LaTeX gets cross-references wrong
Start of line goes awry
Why doesn't \verb work within...?
No line here to end
Common misunderstandings
What's going on in my \include commands?
Why does it ignore paragraph parameters?
Case-changing oddities
Why does LaTeX split footnotes across pages?
Getting \marginpar on the right side
Where have my characters gone?
"Rerun" messages won't go away
Commands gobble following space
(La)TeX makes overfull lines
The joy of TeX errors
How to approach errors
The structure of TeX error messages
An extra '}'??
Capacity exceeded [semantic nest...]
No room for a new 'thing'
epsf gives up after a bit
Improper \hyphenation will be flushed
"Too many unprocessed floats"
\spacefactor complaints
\end occurred inside a group
"Missing number, treated as zero"
"Please type a command or say \end"
"Unknown graphics extension"
"Missing $ inserted"
Warning: "Font shape ... not available"
Current TeX Projects
The LaTeX3 project
The Omega project
The NTS project
The PDFTeX project
Future WEB technologies and (La)TeX
The TeXtrace project
The TeX document preparation environment
You're still stuck?
You don't understand the answer
Submitting new material for the FAQ
Reporting a LaTeX bug
What to do if you find a bug
There were 286 matches. You can get all of them by pressing here.
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Maintenance of the TeX FAQ is coordinated by Robin Fairbairns.
Comments, suggestions, or error reports? - see "how to improve the FAQ".
This is FAQ version 3.4b, last modified on 2003/02/06.
--
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