ClassicalMusic 版 (精华区)
发信人: xian (明灭生存), 信区: Music
标 题: Famous Composer:Ludwig van Beethoven
发信站: 紫 丁 香 (Sat Dec 20 04:54:30 1997), 转信
Early Life
Beethoven was born in the provincial court city of Bonn, Germany, probably
on Dec. 16, 1770. His grandfather, also Ludwig, and his father, Johann, w-
ere both musicians in the service of, successively, the prince electors M-
ax Friedrich and Max Franz. Beethoven's own talent was such that at the a-
ge of 12 he was already an assistant to the organist Christian Gottlob Ne-
efe, with whom he studied. Attempts to establish him as a prodigy in the
mold of MOZART had little success,however.
In 1787 Beethoven was sent to Vienna, but his mother fell ill, and he had
to return to Bonn almost immediately. She died a few months later, and in
1789 Beethoven himself requested that his alcoholic father be retired, a
move that left him responsible for his younger brothers Caspar Carl and N-
ikolaus Johann. Beethoven left Bonn for Vienna a second time in November
of 1792, in order to study with Franz Josef Haydn.
In 1794 French forces occupied the Rhineland; consequently, Beethoven's t-
ies with and support from the Bonn court came to an end. His father had d-
ied a month after his departure from Bonn, and in 1794 and 1795 his two b-
rothers joined him in Vienna. He remained there the rest of his life, lea-
ving only for long summer holidays in the surrounding countryside and, in
his early years, for occasional concerts in nearby cities. His only exten-
ded journey was to Prague, Dresden, and Berlin in 1796.
Beethoven never held an official position in Vienna. He supported himself
by giving concerts, by teaching piano, and increasingly through the sale of
his compositions. Members of the Viennese aristocracy were his steady patr-
ons, and in 1809 three of them-- Prince Kinsky, Prince Lobkowitz, and the
Archduke Rudolph--even guaranteed him a yearly income with the sole condit-
ion that he remain in Vienna.
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