ClassicalMusic 版 (精华区)
发信人: xian (明灭生存), 信区: Music
标 题: Famous Composer:Ludwig van Beethoven(3)
发信站: 紫 丁 香 (Sat Dec 20 05:01:03 1997), 转信
His Music
Traditionally Beethoven's works are grouped into early, middle, and late p-
eriods. The early works, up to about 1802, show a progressive mastery of t-
he high classical style of Haydn and Mozart. Beethoven's formal studies in
counterpoint (with Haydn and Johann Albrechtberger), beginning in 1792, and
his private study of the best new music of the time, particularly Haydn's
symphonies, improved his treatment of both form and texture. During this p-
eriod he wrote primarily for the PIANO and for chamber ensembles dominated
by the piano. He approached the less familiar genres of quartet, symphony,
oratorio, and opera with great caution, perhaps fearing comparison with Ha-
ydn and Mozart in these areas. His first six string quartets, op.18, date
from 1798-1800, the first symphony from 1800 and the second from 1801-02.
He wrote a ballet, The Creatures of Prometheus, in 1800-01 and an oratorio,
Christ on the Mount of Olives, in 1802-03.
A general growth in the proportions and rhetorical power of Beethoven's wo-
rks in the period 1798-1802 culminates in the highly dramatic compositions
that mark the beginning of the middle period in 1803. The earliest of these
--the Third Symphony(Eroica, 1803), the opera Fidelio (1803-05), and the W-
aldstein (1804) and Appassionata (1804) sonatas--have a heroic cast that s-
eems to respond to the initial fears provoked by Beethoven's deafness. In
the works composed from about 1806 until 1812, this heroic character alter-
nates with an Olympian serenity. The characteristic symphonic and chamber
works from this period are the Fourth (1806), Fifth (1805-07), and Sixth (1
807-08) symphonies; the Fourth (1805-06) and Fifth(Emperor, 1809) piano co-
ncertos; the Violin Concerto (1806); the Rasumovsky quartets (1806); the p-
iano trios, op. 70(1808) and op. 97 (Archduke, 1811); the Coriolanus Overt-
ure (1807); and the incidental music for Goethe's drama Egmont(1810).
This monumental middle-period style began to lose its attraction for Beeth-
oven after 1812, the year of the Seventh and Eighth symphonies. The years 1
813 and 1814 are not rich in impressive new works, and beginning in 1815 h-
is music became generally less dramatic and more introspective. The first
group of works in this new, late-period style includes the song cycle An d-
ie ferne Geliebte, op. 98 (To the Distant Beloved, 1816); the piano sonata,
op. 101 (1816); and the two sonatas for cello and piano, op. 102 (1815). In
these works (1820-22), and string quartets, op. 127, 130, 131, 132, and 135
(1824-26), Beethoven relied less on the classical three- or four- movement
format, dominated by a dramatic first movement in sonata form, and more on
the juxtaposition of movements (from two to seven) of widely differing style
and character. In particular, he favored variation and fugal procedures in
which the hidden implications of his themes emerge gradually.Occasionally he
reverted to elements of the heroic middle-period style, as, for example, in
the Hammerklavier Sonata, op.106 (1817-18); the Missa Solemnis (1818- 23);
and the Ninth (Choral) Symphony (completed 1823). Even these works,however,
are colored by a new immediacy of expression.
As Beethoven grew more isolated, from both his physical surroundings and the
popular stylistic tendencies of the day, his music tended increasingly to e-
xpressive extremes. Passages of sublime contemplation join with simple folk
melodies,impassioned recitatives, and abstract archaisms in a wholly personal
synthesis.
--
※ 来源:.紫 丁 香 pclinux.hit.edu.cn.[FROM: 202.118.229.128]
Powered by KBS BBS 2.0 (http://dev.kcn.cn)
页面执行时间:6.195毫秒