English 版 (精华区)
发信人: greenleaf (I believe I can fly!), 信区: English
标 题: SHALL WE CHOOSE DEATH? 我们该选择死亡吗?(转载)
发信站: 哈工大紫丁香 (2000年12月05日17:33:19 星期二), 转信
【 以下文字转载自 sysop 讨论区 】
【 原文由 greenleaf 所发表 】
SHALL WE CHOOSE DEATH?
Bertrand Russell
December 30, 1954
I am speaking not as a Briton, not as a European, not as a member of a weste
rn democracy, but as a human being, a member of the species Man, whose conti
nued existence is in doubt. The world is full of conflicts: Jews and Arabs;
Indians and Pakistanis; white men and Negroes in Africa; and, overshadowing
all minor conflicts, the titanic struggle between communism and anticommunis
m.
Almost everybody who is politically conscious has strong feelings about one
or more of these issues; but I want you, if you can, to set aside such feeli
ngs for the moment and consider yourself only as a member of a biological sp
ecies which has had a remarkable history and whose disappearance none of us
can desire. I shall try to say no single word which should appeal to one gro
up rather than to another. All, equally, are in peril, and, if the peril is
understood, there is hope that they may collectively avert it. We have to le
arn to think in a new way. We have to learn to ask ourselves not what steps
can be taken to give military victory to whatever group we prefer, for there
no longer are such steps. The question we have to ask ourselves is: What st
eps can be taken to prevent a military contest of which the issue must be di
sastrous to all sides?
The general public, and even many men in positions of authority, have not re
alized what would be involved in a war with hydrogen bombs. The general publ
ic still thinks in terms of the obliteration of cities. It is understood tha
t the new bombs are more powerful than the old and that, while one atomic bo
mb could obliterate Hiroshima, one hydrogen bomb could obliterate the larges
t cities such as London, New York, and Moscow. No doubt in a hydrogen-bomb w
ar great cities would be obliterated. But this is one of the minor disasters
that would have to be faced. If everybody in London, New York, and Moscow w
ere exterminated, the world might, in the course of a few centuries, recover
from the blow. But we now know, especially since the Bikini test, that hydr
ogen bombs can gradually spread destruction over a much wider area than had
been supposed. It is stated on very good authority that a bomb can now be ma
nufactured which will be 25,000 times as powerful as that which destroyed Hi
roshima. Such a bomb, if exploded near the ground or under water, sends radi
oactive particles into the upper air. They sink gradually and reach the surf
ace of the earth in the form of a deadly dust or rain. It was this dust whic
h infected the Japanese fishermen and their catch of fish although they were
outside what American experts believed to be the danger zone. No one knows
how widely such lethal radioactive particles might be diffused, but the best
authorities are unanimous in saying that a war with hydrogen bombs is quite
likely to put an end to the human race. It is feared that if many hydrogen
bombs are used there will be universal death - sudden only for a fortunate m
inority, but for the majority a slow torture of disease and disintegration..
.
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我们该选择死亡吗?
伯特兰·罗素
1954年12月30日
我不是作为一个英国人、一个欧洲人、一个西方民主国家的一员,而是作为一个人
,作为不知是否还能继续生存下去的人类的一员在讲演。世界充满了争斗:犹太人和阿
拉伯人;印度人和巴勒斯坦人;非洲的白人和黑人;以及使所有的小冲突都相形见绌的
共产主义和反共产主义之间的大搏斗。
差不多每个有政治意识的人都对这类问题怀有强烈的感受;但是我希望你们,如果
你们能够的话,把这份感受暂搁一边,并把自己只看作一种具有非凡历史、谁也不希望
它灭亡的生物的一员。可能会迎合一群人而冷落另一群人的词语,我将努力一个字都不
说。所有的人,不分彼此,都处在危险之中;如果大家都看到了这种危险,那么就有希
望联合起来避开它。我们必须学习新的思想方法。我们必须学习不自问能采取什么措施
来使我们所喜欢的人群获得军事上的胜利,因为不再有这样的措施。我们必须自问的问
题是:能采取什么措施来避免必然会给各方造成灾难的军事竞赛?
普通群众,甚至许多当权人士,不清楚一场氢弹战所包含的会是什么。普通群众仍
旧从城市的毁灭上思考问题。不言而喻,新炸弹比旧炸弹更具威力——一颗原弹能毁灭
广岛,而一颗氢弹能毁灭像伦敦、纽约和菲斯科这样的大都市。毫无疑问,一场氢弹战
将会毁灭大城市。但这只是世界必须面对的小灾难中的一个。假如化敦人、纽约人和莫
斯科人都灭绝了,世界可能要经过几个世纪才能从这场灾难中恢复过来。而我们现在,
尤其是从比基尼核试验以来很清楚:氢弹能够逐渐把破坏力扩散到一个比预料要广大得
多的地区。据非常权威的人士说,现在能够制造出一种炸弹,其威力比毁灭广岛的炸弹
大2.5万倍。这种炸弹如果在近地或水下爆炸,会把放射性微粒送入高层大气。这些微粒
逐渐降落,呈有毒灰尘或毒雨的状态到达地球表面。正是这种灰尘使日本渔民和他们所
捕获的鱼受到了感染,尽管他们并不在美国专家所确认的危险区之内。没有人知道这种
致命的放射性微粒怎么会传播得这么广,但是这个领域的最高权威一致表示:一场氢弹
战差不多就是灭绝人类的代名词。如果许多氢弹被使用,死神恐怕就会降临全球——只
有少数幸运者才会突然死亡,大多数人却须忍受疾病和解体的慢性折磨……
--
曾经拥有那一天 向上的路
前程如朝霞般绚烂 总是坎坷又崎岖
曾经拥有那一天 但是,总会有那一天
成功如灯火般辉煌 再现当初的辉煌
※ 来源:·哈工大紫丁香 bbs.hit.edu.cn·[FROM: 202.118.170.206]
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※ 转载:.哈工大紫丁香 bbs.hit.edu.cn.[FROM: 202.118.170.206]
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