English 版 (精华区)
发信人: Stiga (云淡风清), 信区: English
标 题: 罪与罚
发信站: 哈工大紫丁香 (2002年12月25日20:39:09 星期三), 站内信件
发信人: aquila (好的开始), 信区: English
标 题: 罪与罚
发信站: 飘渺水云间 (Sun Jan 2 15:31:05 2000), 转信
Crime and Punishment
Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevski
Rodion Raskolnikov, an impoverished student in St. Petersburg, dreamed of
committing the perfect crime: With an ax he murdered an old widowed
pawnbroker and her stepsister, and stole some jewelry from their flat.
Back in his room, Raskolnikov received a summons from the police. Weak from
hunger and illness, he prepared to make a full confession. But the police had
called merely to ask him to pay a debt his landlady had reported to them.
When he discovered what
they wanted, he collapsed from relief. Upon being revived, he was questioned;
his answers provoked suspicion.
Raskolnikov hid the jewelry under a rock in a courtyard. He returned to his
room, where he remained for four days in a high fever. When he recovered, he
learned that the authorities had visited him while he was delirious and that
he had said things
during his fever which tended to cast further suspicion on him.
Luzhin, betrothed to Raskolnikov's sister Dounia, came to St. Petersburg from
the provinces to prepare for the wedding. Raskolnikov resented Luzhin because
he knew his sister was marrying to provide money for her destitute brother.
Luzhin visited the
convalescent and left in a rage when the young man made no attempt to hide
his dislike for him.
A sudden calm came upon the young murderer; he went out and read the accounts
of the murders in the papers. While he was reading, a detective joined him.
The student, in a high pitch of excitement caused by his crime and by his
sickness, talked too
much, revealing to the detective that he might well be the murderer. However,
no evidence could be found that would throw direct suspicion on him.
Later, witnessing a suicide attempt in the slums of St. Petersburg,
Raskolnikov decided to turn himself over to the police; but he was deterred
when his friend, an ex-clerk named Marmeladov; was struck by a carriage and
killed. Raskolnikov gave the
widow a small amount of money he had received from his mother. Later he
attended a party given by some of his friends and discovered that they, too,
suspected him of complicity in the murder of the two women.
Back in his room, Raskolnikov found his mother and his sister, who were
awaiting his return. Unnerved at their appearance and not wanting them to be
near him, he placed them in the care of his friend, Razumihin, who, upon
meeting Dounia, was
immediately attracted to her.
In an interview with Porfiry, the chief of the murder investigation,
Raskolnikov was mentally tortured by questions and ironic statements until he
was ready to believe that he had been all but apprehended for the double
crime. Partly in his own
defense, he expounded his theory that any means justified the ends of a man
of genius, and that sometimes he believed himself a man of genius.
Raskolnikov proved to his mother and Dounia that Luzhin was a pompous fool,
and the angry suitor was dismissed. Razumihin had by that time replaced
Luzhin in the girl's affections.
Meanwhile Svidrigailov, who had caused Dounia great suffering while she had
been in his employ as a governess, arrived in St. Petersburg. His wife had
died and he had followed Dounia, as he explained, to atone for his sins
against her by settling upon
her a large amount of money.
Razumihin received money from a rich uncle and went into the publishing
business with Dounia. They asked Raskolnikov to join them in the venture, but
the student, whose mind and heart were full of turmoil, declined; he said
goodbye to his friend and to
his mother and sister and asked them not to try to see him again.
He went to Sonia, the prostitute daughter of the dead Marmeladov. They read
Sonia's Bible together, Raskolnikov deeply impressed by the wretched girl's
faith. He felt a great sympathy for Sonia and promised to tell her who had
committed the murders of
the old pawnbroker and stepsister. Svidrigailov, who rented the room next to
Sonia's, overheard the conversation ; he anticipated Raskolnikov's disclosure
with interest.
Tortured in his own mind, Raskolnikov went to the police station, where
Porfiry played another game of cat-and-mouse with him. His conscience and his
imagined insecurity had resulted in immense suffering and torment of mind for
Raskolnikov.
At a banquet given by Marmeladov's widow for the friends of her late husband,
Luzhin accused Sonia of stealing money from his room. He had observed
Raskolnikov's interet in Sonia and he wished to hurt the student for having
spoken against him to
Dounia. The girl was saved by the report of a neighbor who had seen Luzhin
slipping money into Sonia's pocket. Later, in Sonia's room, Raskolnikov
confessed his crime and admitted that in killing the two women he had
actually destroyed himself.
Svidrigailov, having overheard the confession, disclosed his knowledge to
Raskolnikov. Believing that Porfiry suspected him of the murder and realizing
that Svidrigailov knew the truth, Raskolnikov found life unbearable. Then
Porfiry told Raskolnikov
outright that he was the murderer, at the same time promising Raskolnikov
that a plea of temporary insanity would be placed in his behalf and his
sentence would be mitigated if he confessed. Raskolnikov delayed his
confession.
Svidrigailov, having informed Dounia of the truth concerning her brother,
offered to save the student if Dounia would consent to be his wife. He made
this offer to her in his room, which he had locked after tricking her into
the meeting. He released
her when she attempted unsuccessfully to shoot him with a pistol she had
brought with her. Convinced at last that Dounia would have none of him,
Svidrigailov gave her a large sum of money and ended his life with a pistol.
Raskolnikov, after being reassured by his mother and his sister of their love
for him, and by Sonia of her undying devotion, turned himself over to the
police. He was tried and sentenced to serve eight years in Siberia. Dounia
and Razumihin, now
successful publishers, were married. Sonia followed Raskolnikov to Siberia,
where she stayed in a village near the prison camp. In her goodness to
Raskolnikov and to the other prisoners, she came to be known as Little Mother
Sonia. With her help,
Raskolnikov began his regeneration.
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