English 版 (精华区)
发信人: greenleaf (笑傲江湖·寻找mm中), 信区: English
标 题: How Should One Read a Book?
发信站: 哈工大紫丁香 (2001年05月13日09:26:18 星期天), 站内信件
by Virginia Woolf
It is simple enough to say that since books have classes -- fiction, biograp
hy, poetry -- we should separate them and take from each what it is right th
at each should give us. Yet few people ask from books what books can give
us. Most commonly we come to books with blurred and divided minds, asking
of fiction that it shall be true, of poetry that it shall be false, of biogr
aphy that it shall be flattering, of history that it shall enforce our own p
rejudices. If we could banish all such perceptions when we read, that woul
d be an admirable beginning. Do not dictate to your author, try to become
him. Be his fellow worker and accomplice. If you hang back, and reserve
and criticise at first, you are preventing yourself from getting the fullest
possible value from what you read. But if you open your mind as widely as
possible, then signs and hints of almost imperceptible fineness, from the t
wist and turn of the first sentences, will bring you into the presence of a
human being unlike any other. Steep yourself in this, acquaint yourself wi
th this, and soon you will find that your author is giving you, or attemptin
g to give you, something far more definite. The thirty-two chapters of a n
ovel -- if we consider how to read a novel first -- are an attempt to make s
omething as formed and controlled as a building but words are more impalpabl
e than bricks; reading is a longer and more complicated process than seeing.
Perhaps the quickest way to understand the elements of what a novelist is d
oing is not to read, but to write; to make your own experiment with the dang
ers and difficulties of words. Recall, then, some event that has left a di
stinct impression on you -- how at the corner of the street, perhaps, you pa
ssed two people talking. A tree shook; an electric light danced; an entire
conception, seemed contained in that moment.
But when you attempt to reconstruct it in words, you will find that it br
eaks into a thousand conflicting impressions. Some must be subdued; others
emphasised; in the process you will lose, probably, all grasp upon the emot
ion itself. Then turn from your blurred and littered pages to the opening
pages of some great novelist -- Defoe, Jane Austen, Hardy. Now you will be
better able to appreciate their mastery. It is not merely that we are in
the presence of a different person -- Dafoe, Jane Austen, or Thomas Hardy --
but that we are living in a different world. Here, in Robinson Crusoe, we
are trudging a plain high road, one thing happens after another; the fact a
nd the order of the fact is enough. But if the open air and adventure mean
everything to Dofoe they mean nothing to Jane Austen. Here is the drawing
-room, and people talking and by the many mirrors of their talk revealing th
eir characters. And if, when we have accustomed ourselves to the drawing r
oom and its reflections, we turn to Hardy, we are once more spun around. T
he moors are around us and the stars are above our heads. The other side o
f the mind is now exposed -- the dark side that comes uppermost in solitude,
not the light side that shows in company. Our relations are not towards p
eople, but towards Nature and destiny. Yet different as these worlds are,
each is consistent with itself. The maker of each is careful to observe th
e laws of his own perspective, and however great a strain they may put upon
us they will never confuse us, as lesser writers so frequently do, by introd
ucing two different kinds of reality into the same book. Thus to go from o
ne great novelist to another, from Jane Austen to Hardy, from Peacock to Tro
llope, from Scott to Meredith is to be wrenched and uprooted, to be thrown t
his way and then that. To read a novel is a difficult and complex art. Y
ou must be capable not only of great fineness of perception, but of great bo
ldness of imagination if you are going to make use of all that the novelist
-- the great artist -- gives you.
--
曾经拥有那一天 向上的路
前程如朝霞般绚烂 总是坎坷又崎岖
曾经拥有那一天 但是,总会有那一天
成功如灯火般辉煌 再现当初的辉煌
※ 来源:·哈工大紫丁香 bbs.hit.edu.cn·[FROM: 202.118.170.201]
※ 修改:·greenleaf 於 05月13日09:26:31 修改本文·[FROM: 202.118.170.201]
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