English 版 (精华区)
发信人: murjun (萧牧), 信区: English
标 题: China's three major space launch bases
发信站: 哈工大紫丁香 (2003年10月15日20:08:38 星期三), 站内信件
There are three major space launch bases in China, namely, the Jiuquan
Satellite Launch Center, the Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center and the Xichang
Satellite Launch Center.
In line with the common international practice, all the three launch centers
are located in scarcely-populated areas where the terrain is even and the
field of vision is broad. Factoring in are also state security, transport
conditions and the influence of the axial rotation of the Earth.
Founded in 1958 in Gansu province, Northwest China, the Jiuquan Satellite
Launch Center is China's earliest space launch base, where most of the
country's space launches and tests have been conducted. At a mean elevation
of 1,000 meters, the Jiuquan launch center is mainly used to send
experimental and applications satellites that are on the lower and medium
orbits with large orbital inclination angles. Meanwhile, it is also capable
of testing medium- and long-range missiles.
Over the past four decades and more, the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center has
made nine successful history-making launches, including the testing of
China's first short-range missile, the launch of China's first man-made
satellite, the testing of a long- range launch vehicle to the Pacific Ocean,
as well as a 1981 launch that sent three satellites into the orbit atop a
single rocket.
The Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center, situated in Kelan County of north
China's Shanxi province, was founded in March 1966 and put into normal
operation in 1968. At the end of that year, the center successfully conducted
the full-distance testing of the first-generation medium-range rocket.
Hemmed in by mountains in all directions, the Taiyuan launch center stands at
an elevation of 1,500 meters. With dry weather conditions in the locality,
the center is believed to be the idealist site for launching
solar-synchronous satellites. In 1988 and 1990, the center successfully
blasted meteorological satellites made by China alone into space with the
Long March CZ-4 rockets.
Located in the Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture of southwest China's
Sichuan Province, the Xichang Satellite Launch Center is designed mainly to
launch powerful-thrust rockets and geostationary satellites. At an average
elevation of 1,500 meters, the center is known for its agreeable weather and
picturesque scenes. The sights of the taking off of rockets often seen in
Chinese television programs were shot there.
The Xichang center has two launch pads: one for the launch of geostationary
communications satellites and meteorological satellites by Long March CZ-3
rockets and the other for the lift- off of Long March CZ-2 strap-on launch
vehicle and the Long March CZ-3 series rockets. On July 16, 1990, China's
first Long March CZ- 2 strap-on launch vehicle successfully blasted off from
Xichang and sent a Pakistani scientific experimental satellite and a Chinese
satellite into their orbits.
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我非常喜欢在有风有雨的季节计划自己;
有风有雨后的季节晒着阳光我昏昏睡去;
睡去的我依然在甜梦中将曾有过的温习;
温习昨天前天等等的种种激情与过去。
Jim Mural
※ 来源:·哈工大紫丁香 bbs.hit.edu.cn·[FROM: 218.8.123.120]
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