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发信人: dongjing (求知者), 信区: English
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发信站: 哈工大紫丁香 (2003年04月21日19:10:22 星期一), 站内信件
Worldwide Reactions Towards the SARS Epidemic
The World Health Organization says the threat of a global pandemic was dwind
ling.
The WHO stressed in an update on its Web site that the vast majority of coun
tries reporting probable SARS cases are dealing with a small number of impor
ted cases.
Experience has shown that when these cases are promptly detected, isolated,
and managed according to strict procedures of infection control, further spr
ead to hospital staff and family members either does not occur at all or res
ults in a very small number of secondary infections.
But the WHO says it is concerned about the outbreaks in Hong Kong and Canada
.
In Hong Kong, a large and sudden cluster of almost simultaneous cases of 321
seen in residents of the Amoy Gardens housing estate has raised the possibi
lity of transmission from an environmental source. The International health
body suspects it could be that these patients have exceptionally high levels
of virus in their bodies, or the virus may have mutated.
The WHO says although the agent that causes SARS has now been conclusively i
dentified as a new coronavirus, much about its behaviour is poorly understoo
d. Key questions being probed include the most likely course of the illness
as it is passed on to others, and which body fluids transmit the virus. SARS
is passed in droplets, by coughing and sneezing, but the WHO is not ruling
out the possibility that it may also be transmitted when people touch object
s or that it could be passed on in faecal matter.
Scientists are also working to determine the amount of time the virus can su
rvive in the environment on both dry surfaces and in suspension, including i
n faecal matter.
In Canada, the only country outside Asia where people have died from the out
break, health authorities reported one more death, bringing to 14 the number
of people who have died from the virus. The country has nearly 250 suspecte
d and probable cases. But the Province of Ontario has already isolated 7,000
people at home, and sent investigators to check on some and posted a police
guard on one hospitalized patient who was uncooperative.
The United States has reported only 36 SARS cases, none of them fatal yet. T
he US Centres for Disease Control and Prevention recommend the isolation of
anyone showing signs of SARS. No one has been held involuntarily and healthy
contacts have not been asked to quarantine themselves. Local health officia
ls seem reluctant to use their most sweeping powers, fearing they may serve
to drive infected people away from treatment or into hiding.
A week has passed since Viet Nam officials reported a probable case of SARS.
The WHO believes the transmission of SARS appears to have been contained in
Hanoi. Ten patients are now listed as recovering from SARS, none of whom is
listed as in critical condition. The Vietnamese Ministry of Health has prop
osed to close its land border with China to prevent the importation of SARS
cases.
Singapore’s Prime Minister, Goh Chok Tong, has warned if his country fails
to contain SARS, it may well become the worst crisis Singapore has faced. He
announced strict new measures to prevent people from flouting home quaranti
ne orders, including fines and prison terms. Officials are using cameras and
electronic wrist tags to monitor those under quarantine, in a country which
has reported 16 deaths and 172 cases of the pneumonia-like illness.
Britain has so far escaped the worst. Six people have fallen ill but either
recovered or are responding to treatment. A seventh, a charity worker from S
cotland, was reported to be in a London hospital.
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