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发信人: Porod (扬之水◎Love in One Day), 信区: English
标 题: Yuk
发信站: 哈工大紫丁香 (Thu Mar 29 14:13:25 2007), 转信
Mar 28th 2007 | MOSCOW
From The Economist print edition
Yukos is finally being put out of its misery. Guess who profits?
AFP
THERE were no bids from mysterious bimbos, and the auctioneer was not wearing
a bow tie. Although the sale on Tuesday March 27th of a 9.4% stake in Rosneft
, a state-controlled Russian oil firm, lacked some of the quirks of previous
Russian auctions, it did exhibit some traditional features. It lasted only
a few minutes, and the goods went for a song to the expected winner—in
this case, Rosneft itself.
This was the first in a series of auctions of the remaining assets belonging
to Yukos, once Russia’s top oil company, which was forced into bankruptcy
(wrongly, it says) last year by alleged tax arrears and penalties amounting
to roughly $33 billion. Yukos’s stake in Rosneft was a leftover from the
knock-down sale, in 2004, of most of its main subsidiary to a farcical front
company, which was itself acquired by Rosneft soon afterwards. The price
for this week’s lot, which included some lesser assets, of 197.8 billion
roubles ($7.6 billion), represented a 10% discount on market value: nice
business for Rosneft, though less good for the Russian state and people.
Other would-be buyers—including Gazprom and some foreign energy firms, possibly
in collaboration with Russian ones—are likely to come forward. Most important
for the future of the Russian oil industry will be the fate of Yukos’s
two remaining production units and its network of refineries. Having just
borrowed $22 billion from a clutch of foreign banks, Rosneft looks poised
for more bargain buys. Since it is also Yukos’s second-biggest creditor
, after the taxman, Rosneft should recoup much of its outlay swiftly.
The most interesting aspect of this week’s sale, which was held at Yukos
’s now-sombre headquarters, was not the identity of the winner but that
of the only other bidder: TNK-BP, an Anglo-Russian oil firm that British
Petroleum (BP) bought into before the Kremlin circumscribed foreign participation
in Russia’s energy sector. In a replay of Shell’s experience on Sakhalin
island, TNK-BP is having trouble holding onto its investments, in particular
the giant Kovykta gas field in Siberia that it controls. Ludicrous licensing
requirements are helping Gazprom to muscle its way into that project—and
perhaps into overall control of the company.
Lord Browne, BP’s chief executive, visited Russia’s president, Vladimir
Putin, last week. Speculation has it that TNK-BP’s participation in the
auction was meant to confer legitimacy on the event (Russian law requires
there to be at least two bidders), and thus to curry favour with the Kremlin
—and perhaps also with Rosneft, who might be a more palatable partner than
Gazprom. Though TNK-BP insisted that its interest in the auction was real
, it seemed to wane pretty quickly. Meanwhile, more charges are being brought
against Mikhail Khodorkovsky, Yukos’s former boss, who was arrested in
2003, and PricewaterhouseCoopers, Yukos’s auditor, has also been targeted
by prosecutors. Those cases also seem designed to help justify the sell-
offs. But larceny, even with a (relatively) respectable face, is still larceny
.
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困境有一种特殊的科学价值,有智慧的人是不会放弃这个通过它而进行学习的机会的。
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