English 版 (精华区)
发信人: Porod (扬之水◎Love in One Day), 信区: English
标 题: What price independence?
发信站: 哈工大紫丁香 (Wed Apr 4 07:38:19 2007), 转信
What price independence?
Apr 3rd 2007
From Economist.com
The UN is considering the tricky issue of Kosovo's future
AFP
EIGHT years ago NATO planes were bombing Serbia. They were at the beginning
of a 78-day campaign, which concluded with Serbian forces being driven out
of Kosovo, its southern province. For much of that period diplomats from
the big countries involved were in constant contact in a frantic attempt
to end the war. With Russia's help, the bombing was brought to an end by
a resolution at the UN Security Council. On Tuesday April 3rd the Security
Council will discuss a plan for Kosovo's independence. Russia's involvement
means that the session is not expected to be easy.
There are still no good solutions to the thorny problem of Kosovo, only less
bad ones. As far as most western countries are concerned a workable plan
for the future of the province is now on the table. Russia however rejects
this settlement, which proposes independence. Kosovo was (and technically
remains) a province of Serbia. The overwhelming majority of its 2m people
are ethnic Albanians who want nothing less than independence. Serbia’s
leaders do not accept this.
Ever since the end of the Kosovo war, the territory has been under the jurisdiction
of the UN. Martti Ahtisaari, a former Finnish president asked by the UN
to come up with a solution for Kosovo, delivered his plans to the Security
Council on March 26th. In his accompanying report, Mr Ahtisaari did some
plain speaking. He says that Serbs and Albanians have “diametrically opposed
positions” and that “no amount of additional talks, whatever the format
, will overcome this impasse.” His conclusion is that, “the only viable
option for Kosovo is independence, to be supervised for an initial period
by the international community.”
Kosovo is now under the jurisdiction of the UN, so a new Security Council
resolution is needed to change this. If the Security Council accepts Mr
Ahtisaari’s plan then not only will NATO’s current peacekeeping force stay
there, but a large EU mission will help to supervise the police and judiciary
. And the position of a powerful international governor general will be created
, with the ability to sack local officials and strike down laws inconsistent
with the Ahtisaari settlement.
Vojislav Kostunica, Serbia's caretaker prime minister, hopes Russia will
veto this “plan to dismember Serbia.” Independence, he gives warning, “
would be an act of violence against the law.” Russian officials meanwhile
insist that more talks are necessary. They see Kosovo’s independence as
a precedent under international law, something that the Americans, British
and others reject.
Across the former Soviet Union there are several “frozen conflicts” bearing
some similarities to Kosovo. One is in Nagorno-Karabakh, an Armenian enclave
within Azerbaijan; another is in Transdniestria, a breakaway part of Moldova
. Perhaps Russian officials believe that it is possible to keep Kosovo frozen
too and thus avoid hard decisions. The problem is that Kosovo is near boiling
point and could explode at any moment.
Western diplomats warn that if Russia blocks Kosovo's independence at the
UN, violence is certain to breakout. Also, without a Security Council resolution
Kosovo's Albanians are likely to declare independence anyway. This could
result in an almighty mess with some countries, perhaps including America
, recognising the new state but with many others, including EU countries,
not doing so.
Mr Ahtisaari has told sceptics within the EU (Spain, Slovakia and Greece)
that European unity is more important than their doubts. Ban Ki-moon, the
UN secretary-general, has thrown his weight behind the plan, as has the
head of NATO. Western diplomats are worried that Russia will block a new
resolution and spark a another conflagration in the Balkans. But Russia may
not want to pick a fight against both America and the EU.
No doubt some secret, bilateral diplomacy is underway, with senior American
diplomats asking Russia what it wants in exchange for supporting a new UN
resolution. If there is a new resolution we may not know until the history
books are written what price Russia extracted in exchange for its support
.
--
困境有一种特殊的科学价值,有智慧的人是不会放弃这个通过它而进行学习的机会的。
※ 来源:·哈工大紫丁香 bbs.hit.edu.cn·[FROM: 221.6.3.70]
Powered by KBS BBS 2.0 (http://dev.kcn.cn)
页面执行时间:3.404毫秒