English 版 (精华区)
发信人: Porod (扬之水◎Love in One Day), 信区: English
标 题: Not yet in step
发信站: 哈工大紫丁香 (Sat Apr 14 07:03:55 2007), 转信
Apr 13th 2007 | BEIJING
From Economist.com
A song and dance over the hermit kingdom's nuclear facilities
AFP
ON SUNDAY April 15th, North Korea will conduct lavish official celebrations
of the 95th birthday of its late president, Kim Il Sung. The country’s
neighbours, and America, will not be cheering. Their hopes that this weekend
would mark a crucial turning point in a tortuous multi-nation effort to
close down North Korea’s nuclear programmes look likely to be dashed.
Under an agreement reached two months ago with America, China, Japan, Russia
and South Korea, the North Koreans were supposed to close down and seal
their nuclear facilities at Yongbyon, 87km (54 miles) north of Pyongyang,
by April 14th. These include a 5MW nuclear reactor and a reprocessing facility
which can be used for extracting weapons-grade plutonium from spent reactor
fuel. The North Koreans were also supposed to provide a list of their nuclear
programmes. A day before the deadline, optimism was waning that the targets
would be met on time.
This does not mean the agreement itself is in immediate danger of unravelling
. On April 13th, North Korea repeated its commitment to the accord, according
to which it would receive aid worth the equivalent of 50,000 tonnes of fuel
oil for taking these first steps towards denuclearisation. But there remains
a catch. North Korea first wants to get hold of $25m held in a bank in Macau
, Banco Delta Asia. The funds, deposited in several North Korean accounts
, have been frozen since 2005 as a result of American allegations that the
money involved shady dealings.
Despite American indications just before the six nations last met in late
March that the funds could be released, the money has proved curiously hard
to budge. The United States said on April 10th that the funds had been unfrozen
. It is not clear why, as of April 13th, the North Koreans appeared to remain
unsatisfied. After talks in Pyongyang earlier this week, Bill Richardson
, a Democratic Party governor of New Mexico who is running for president,
said he was told by his hosts that North Korea would invite inspectors from
the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) back to the country within
a day of receiving the money. The agency was expelled in 2002.
Even if the money issue is soon resolved and North Korea begins moves to
shut down the facilities at Yongbyon, few expect implementation of the accord
to proceed smoothly. The list of its nuclear programmes that North Korea
is supposed to furnish will be a big bone of contention. There has been
no sign that North Korea is willing to confess to any project to enrich uranium
(presumably to make nuclear bombs). It was American accusations that such
a project existed that led to the breakdown of an earlier nuclear pact and
the IAEA’s expulsion.
The list is also supposed to include details of plutonium already extracted
from fuel rods in Yongbyon. The North Koreans have never shown willingness
to account for plutonium they may have extracted before the last nuclear
accord was signed between North Korea and America in 1994. They are likely
to be reluctant to give details of plutonium used to make nuclear weapons
, let alone surrender any weapons themselves. The agreement reached by the
six countries in February does not even mention nuclear weapons—an acceptance
that even getting North Korea to talk about them remains a dim and distant
goal.
By stalling, impoverished North Korea will be denying itself much needed
aid at a time of worsening food shortages. On April 11th, the country’s
prime minister Pak Pong Ju was replaced by a younger technocrat, Kim Yong
Il. Optimists see this development as a possible sign of renewed commitment
to economic reform, but given the opacity of North Korean politics few are
holding their breath.
Poverty, however, does not stop North Korea from throwing big parties. About
100,000 performers are preparing for a mass choreographed spectacle in honour
of the late President Kim. On April 25th the military will parade through
Pyongyang to celebrate its 75th anniversary. The world will still be wondering
whether the missiles it is likely to show off on the occasion might one
day be nuclear tipped.
--
困境有一种特殊的科学价值,有智慧的人是不会放弃这个通过它而进行学习的机会的。
※ 来源:·哈工大紫丁香 bbs.hit.edu.cn·[FROM: 221.6.3.70]
Powered by KBS BBS 2.0 (http://dev.kcn.cn)
页面执行时间:2.372毫秒