English 版 (精华区)
发信人: Porod (扬之水◎Love in One Day), 信区: English
标 题: By fair means and foul
发信站: 哈工大紫丁香 (Wed Apr 25 12:42:06 2007), 转信
Apr 24th 2007
From Economist.com
Nigeria's new president has won a rigged election. He will struggle to persuade
anyone that he is legitimate
Reuters
AMID tight security, the presidential election results were announced in
Abuja in the early evening of Monday April 23rd. Nigeria’s president-elect
is Umaru Yar’Adua of the governing People’s Democratic Party (PDP), a
hitherto obscure state governor from the Muslim north of Africa’s most populous
country. He won 70% of the vote, easily beating his nearest rival, Muhammadu
Buhari, who got just 18%. The vice-president (and opposition candidate),
Atiku Abubakar, who many expected to do well, got just 7%. If all goes to
plan, the constitution says that Mr Yar’Adua should be sworn in at the
end of May.
However, that has become a big “if”. The only people who welcomed the result
, and more importantly the manner in which it was achieved, were PDP stalwarts
and the men whom they chose to run the election in the inept and craven
Independent National Electoral Commission. Everybody else is in an uproar
, calling the polls deeply flawed and perhaps the most fraudulent in the
country’s history. And in Nigeria, that is some claim.
The main opposition parties want a rerun of all the elections, including
those at state level that were held earlier in April. Mr Buhari says that
after some democratic advance in the past decade the country is moving backwards
, “towards modern slavery”. Nigeria’s own biggest election-observer body
, the Transition Monitoring Group, also says the presidential poll was so
flawed it should be rerun.
As striking were the verdicts of international monitoring groups. Discarding
its usual nauanced language, the European Union said that the election had
fallen far short of basic international and regional standards and the whole
process “cannot be considered to have been credible.” The Americans were
only slightly less damning.
In the face of this withering criticism even president Olusegun Obasanjo,
who bears most of the responsibility for the fiasco, appeared fairly contrite
when he appealed for calm in an unscheduled television address just before
the results were announced. Everyone in Nigeria knows that these elections
were rigged in favour of the incumbent PDP and that the outgoing president
and his incoming cronies will be the biggest beneficiaries.
What happens now? The results will be challenged in the courts. Cases could
drag on for months, and even years. Protests are possible. About 200 people
have been killed in election-related violence and more could follow.
All this makes Nigeria a volatile and unpredictable place once more, with
some nervousness that oil supplies could be disrupted. An insurgency in
the country’s oil-producing Delta region already causes headaches in this
area and political dissatisfaction could worsen it. The vote-rigging was
at its most egregious in the Delta as politicians used any means to keep
control of oil revenues. The embittered and disenfranchised people of the
Delta will be even more inclined to continue their armed campaign against
oil companies and politicians, whom they view as being one and the same
thing. The global oil price has been edging up in recent days, in reaction
to the news from Nigeria.
The new president, Mr Yar’Adua, is bland and little-known. He owes his new
office entirely to Mr Obasanjo, who picked him as the PDP candidate in the
teeth of opposition even from within the party. He will thus start out as
a creature of the clique around Mr Obasanjo, who will hope to retain considerable
power as party chairman. Mr Yar’Adua has a precious reputation for personal
honesty, but he will struggle to assert his authority as a legitimate leader
.
He may want to continue Mr Obasanjo’s economic reforms, which have done
some good in the country, but that could prove difficult. The credibility
of many of the institutions of the reform programme, such as the anti-corruption
agency, the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission, has been badly damaged
. They were used shamelessly by the PDP to attack political opponents.
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困境有一种特殊的科学价值,有智慧的人是不会放弃这个通过它而进行学习的机会的。
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