English 版 (精华区)
发信人: Porod (扬之水◎Love in One Day), 信区: English
标 题: Hot topic
发信站: 哈工大紫丁香 (Thu Apr 26 11:02:44 2007), 转信
Apr 25th 2007 | NEW YORK
From Economist.com
China may become the world's single biggest polluter sooner than you think
AFP
THE latest news on climate change is neither welcome nor terribly surprising
: within a couple of years, at most, says the International Energy Agency
, China will surpass America as the world’s biggest emitter of greenhouse
gases, the ones that contribute to climate change. China’s race to the
number-one spot is not because America has cleaned up its act, sadly, but
a sign that the booming Asian economy is pumping out pollution faster than
had been expected. The news also highlights an awkward fact: in the debate
on what to do about climate change, America finds itself acting more like
China and less like its rich-world friends in Europe and elsewhere.
On Monday April 30th leaders from America and Europe will gather in Washington
, DC, for a summit, with a particular focus on energy security and the global
climate. But there is no agreement yet on a draft declaration, reflecting
sharply different views on what to do about the changing climate. Europe
has gone beyond pledges in the Kyoto protocol, recently agreeing to cut
greenhouse-gas emissions by 20% by 2020 (though allowing some flexibility
for the poorer and less green countries of eastern Europe). Germany’s chancellor
, Angela Merkel, suggests Europe is now a “world pioneer” in tackling emissions
.
It seems unlikely that next week’s summit will see America hitching up close
to the pioneer, however. The American ambassador to the European Union (
EU), Boyden Gray, suggests that America cannot agree to any hard caps on
emissions unless China does so too. (America also mentions India in this
context from time to time, but for political reasons China is more tempting
to bash.)
The Bush administration knows, as an official Chinese government report confirms
, that no such caps are forthcoming. China’s rulers recognise that they
face serious consequences from local pollution and from changes to the global
climate. On April 25th the prime minister, Wen Jiabao, repeated a “solemn
promise” that some industrial emissions and the rate of energy consumption
would fall. Between 2006 and 2010, according to official targets, emissions
of big industrial pollutants are supposed to drop by 10%, and energy efficiency
is supposed to rise sharply in the same period. But as the report made clear
, there will be no caps on greenhouse emissions if that means slowing economic
growth. China argues that other countries polluted their way to development
; capping emissions now would unfairly punish those who come late to the
game.
Every country, of course, has an excuse ready. China can rightly note that
, per person, its billion plus population is much less polluting than America
's or Europe's. American officials say their country invests more in trying
to find green technologies than anyone else, as a way of avoiding painful
, inflexible caps. And as for the holier-than-thou Europeans, their targets
and declarations of principles sound good, say sceptics, but are non-binding
. Without a mechanism for punishing laggards at least some will slip behind
, as many EU countries (including traditionally green ones like Austria and
Denmark), and Canada, are set to do with their Kyoto targets.
The Bush administration has begun talking more about climate change, just
as China is putting the best public face on its efforts. But the difference
between these two countries (and other holdouts like Australia) and the
Europeans is still wide. To a large extent, it is one of urgency. Europe
included the greenhouse-gas cut promise in the Berlin declaration celebrating
50 years of integration, putting it at the core of Europe’s purpose for
the next half century. America and others recognise that climate change
is one of the world’s hottest topics, but still squirm when talking about
doing something painful to tackle it.
--
困境有一种特殊的科学价值,有智慧的人是不会放弃这个通过它而进行学习的机会的。
※ 来源:·哈工大紫丁香 bbs.hit.edu.cn·[FROM: 121.248.9.238]
Powered by KBS BBS 2.0 (http://dev.kcn.cn)
页面执行时间:4.734毫秒