English 版 (精华区)
发信人: murjun (萧牧), 信区: English
标 题: NASA妙文——现代国际空间站的发展历程01(转载)
发信站: 哈工大紫丁香 (2003年11月10日22:15:53 星期一), 站内信件
【 以下文字转载自 Aero 讨论区 】
【 原文由 murjun 所发表 】
Part I - The History of Skylab
11.10.03
Part II - Life on Skylab | Part III - The Legacy of Skylab
It's been three years since the first human inhabitants took up residence
aboard the International Space Station (ISS). Since then, the ISS has been
home to eight resident crews who have performed fantastic research in the
microgravity of Earth orbit. But none of this would have been possible
without America's first space station: Skylab.
From its launch on May 14, 1973, until the return of its third and final crew
on Feb. 8, 1974, the Skylab program proved that humans can live and work in
outer space for extended periods of time.
Pete Conrad, Paul Weitz and Joe Kerwin spent 28 days in orbit as the first
crew of Skylab. The second crew - Alan Bean, Jack Lousma and Owen Garriott -
spent 59 days in space. The final Skylab crew spent 84 days in space and
consisted of Jerry Carr, Bill Pogue and Edward Gibson. Each Skylab crew set
new spaceflight duration records. The record set by the final crew was not
broken by an American astronaut until the Shuttle-Mir program more than 20
years later.
Skylab served as the greatest solar observatory of its time, a microgravity
lab, a medical lab, an Earth-observing facility, and, most importantly, a
home away from home for its residents. The program also led to new
technologies. Special showers, toilets, sleeping bags, exercise equipment and
kitchen facilities were designed to function in microgravity.
As successful as the program was, the first two crews had to overcome some
unexpected challenges. During the station's launch, airflow caused a
meteoroid shield to come off, tearing off one of two solar panels and
preventing the other from deploying. The damage resulted in reduced power for
the station. When the first crew arrived 11 days later, their first task was
to repair the damage. Once repairs were complete, full power was restored.
A close-up view of the partially deployed, damaged solar array.
A thruster leak caused trouble for the second crew, causing Bean's rendezvous
with the station to be more challenging than expected. Once they were on
board, a second thruster developed a leak. Plans were drawn up for a rescue,
but the crew was able to complete the mission as planned.
Original plans called for the station to remain in space after the final
Skylab mission, for another 8 to 10 years, possibly to be visited by the
Shuttle fleet. But unexpectedly high solar activity foiled the plan, and on
July 11, 1979, Skylab re-entered the Earth's atmosphere and disintegrated,
dispersing debris across a sparsely populated section of western Australia
and the southeastern Indian Ocean.
"There was a certain small amount of sadness when we left, realizing we were
going to be the last crew to inhabit the spacecraft," Carr said. "It had hung
together beautifully for us, and we kind of hated to leave it. But, of
course, we were also looking forward to going home."
NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center and Kennedy Space Center
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我非常喜欢在有风有雨的季节计划自己;
有风有雨后的季节晒着阳光我昏昏睡去;
睡去的我依然在甜梦中将曾有过的温习;
温习昨天前天等等的种种激情与过去。
Jim Mural
※ 来源:·哈工大紫丁香 bbs.hit.edu.cn·[FROM: 218.8.83.95]
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※ 转载:.哈工大紫丁香 bbs.hit.edu.cn.[FROM: 218.8.83.95]
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