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发信人: phychae (愤而忘食,乐而忘优), 信区: English
标 题: NCE4--47
发信站: 哈工大紫丁香 (2003年06月19日10:02:26 星期四), 站内信件
Lesson 47
The great escape
大逃亡
First listen and then answer the following quesion.
听录音,然后回答以下问题。
What is one of the features of modern camping where nationality is concerned?
Economy is one powerful motive for camping, since after the initial outlay upo
n equipment, or through hiring it, the total expense can be far less than the
cost of hotels. But, contrary to a popular assumption, it is far from being th
e only one, or even the greatest. The man who manoeuvres carelessly into his t
wenty pounds' worth of space at one of Europe's myriad permanent sites may fin
d himself bumping a Bentley. More likely, Ford Escort will be hub to hub with
Renault or Mercedes, but rarely with bicycles made for two.
That the equipment of modern camping becomes yearly more sophisticated is an e
ntertaining paradox for the cynic, a brighter promise for the hopeful traveler
who has sworn to get away from it all. It also provides-and some student soci
ologist might care to base his thesis upon the phenomenon -- an escape of anot
her kind. The modern traveller is often a man who dislikes the Splendide and t
he Bellavista, not because he cannot afford, or shuns their material comforts.
but because he is afford of them. Affluent he may be, but he is by no means s
ure what to tip the doorman or the chambermaid. Master in his own house, he ha
s little idea of when to say boo to a maitre d'hotel.
From all such fears camping releases him. Granted, a snobbery of camping i
tself, based upon equipment and techniques, already exists; but it is of a kin
d that, if he meets it, he can readily understand and deal with. There is no s
uperior 'they' in the shape of managements and hotel hierarchies to darken his
holiday days.
To such motives, yet another must be added. The contemporary phenomenon of
car worship is to be explained not least by the sense of independence and fre
edom that ownership entails. To this pleasure camping gives an exquisite refin
ement.
From one's own front door to home or foreign hills or sands and back again
, everything is to hand. Not only are the means of arriving at the holiday par
adise entirely within one's own command and keeping, but the means of escape f
rom holiday hel (if the beach proves too crowded, the local weather too inclem
ent) are there, outside -- or, as likely, part of -- the tent.
Idealists have objected to the package tour, that the traveller abroad the
reby denies himself the opportunity of getting to know the people of the count
ry visited. Insularity and self-containment, it is argued, go hand in hand. Th
e opinion does not survive experience of a popular Continental camping place.
Holiday hotels tend to cater for one nationality of visitors especially, somet
imes exclusively. Camping sites, by contrast, are highly cosmopolitan. Granted
, a preponderance of Germans is a characteristic that seems common to most Med
iterranean sites; but as yet there is no overwhelmingly specialized patronage.
Notices forbidding the open-air drying of clothes, or the use of water points
for car washing, or those inviting 'our camping friends' to a dance or a boat
trip are printed not only in French or Italian or Spanish, but also in Englis
h, German and Dutch. At meal times the odour of sauerkraut vies with that of g
arlic. The Frenchman's breakfast coffee competes with the Englishman's bacon a
nd eggs.
Whether the remarkable growth of organized camping means the eventual deat
h of the more independent kind is hard to say. Municipalities naturally want t
o secure the campers' site fees and other custom. Police are wary of itinerant
s who cannot be traced to a recognized camp boundary or to four walls. But mos
t probably it will all depend upon campers themselves: how many heath fires th
ey cause; how much litter they leave; in short, whether or not they wholly ali
enate landowners and those who live in the countryside. Only good scouting is
likely to preserve the freedoms so dear to the heart of the eternal Boy Scout.
NIGEL BUXTON The Great Escape from The Weekend Telegraph
New words and expressions 生词和短语
assumption
n. 假定
manoeuvre
v. (驱车)移动
myriad
adj. 无数的
paradox
n. 自相矛盾的呈
cynic
n. 愤世嫉俗者
sociologist
n. 社会学家
shun
v. 避开
affluent
adj. 富有的
chambermaid
n. 女招待员
boo
b. 呸的一声
maitre d'hotel
n. [法语]总管
snobbery
n. 势利
hierarchy
n. 等级制度
entail
v. 便成为必要
inclement
adj. 险恶的
package tour
由旅行社安排一切的一揽子诱游
insularity
n. 偏狭
cater
v. 迎合
exclusively
adv. 排他地
cosmopolitan
adj. 世界的
preponderance
n. 优势
overwhelmingly
adv. 以压倒优势地,清一色地
patronage
n. 恩惠,惠顾
sauerkraut
n. 泡菜
vie
v. 竞争
municipality
n. 市政当局
itinerant
n. 巡回者
heath
v. 荒地
alienate
v. 便疏远
eternal
adj. 永久的
参考译文
图省钱是露营的一个主要动机,因为除了开始时购置或是租借一套露营装备外,总费
用算起来要比住旅馆开支少得多。但是,和一般的看法相反,这决非是仅有的,甚至不是
最主要的动机。如果一位游客漫不经心地驾车驶入欧洲无数常年营地之一,花20镑租用一
个空位,那么他可能会碰见一辆本特利汽车,更可能会望见一辆福特.康索尔或一辆雷诺或
一辆梅塞迪斯并排停放着,不过双人自行车则不容易看到。
现代露营装备一年比一年讲究,这对那些厌世嫉俗者来说是一件有趣的自相矛盾的事
情。而对于发誓用露营来摆脱烦恼的人来说,却带来了更光明的前景。学社会学的大学生
来露营是另一种形式的摆脱现实,他们的目的很可能是根据观察到的露营现象去写论文。
现代露营旅游的人往往讨厌在“斯普兰迪德”和“贝拉维斯塔”这样的大酒店,这并不是
因为他们付不起钱,也不是为了躲避物质享受,而是因为他们害怕酒店。他们可能很富有
,但给看门人和房间女服务叫多少小费,心中却根本没有数;他们在家可能是主人,但不
知道什么时候才能对酒店的经理表示不满。
露营便人们免除了这些忧虑。诚然,露营地本身也存在以露营装备和方式取人的势利
现象,但如果有这种情况,露营者也容易理解,知道如何对付,但在露营地里根本不会有
管人的“人上人”和酒店里的等级制度来种露营者的假日过得阴郁低沉。
除上以动机外,还应加上一个。当前崇拜汽车现象可以用与所有权相伴的独立和自由
意识来解释。因此开车去露营会给这种快乐意识增加一种优雅意境。
从自己的家门出发到国内国外的山区或沙滩上露营然后返回,一切都很便利。完全在
自己掌握之中的私人汽车不仅是到达假日天堂的工具,而且也是逃离假日地狱(如海滩太
挤,当地天气恶劣)方便工具,因为汽车就停在帐篷外面,或者汽车本身可能就是露营帐
篷的一个组成部分。
理想主义者像反对旅行社安排一切的一揽子旅游一样反对露营的作法,说这种封闭的
作法使到国外旅游者失去了了解所去国家人民的机会。他们争论说,心胸狭窄和自我封闭
是并存的。但这种说法在受人欢迎的欧洲露营地是站不住脚的。假日旅馆有只接待来自一
个国家的旅游者的倾向,有时会达到排他的程度。而露营驻地则相反,是高度世界性的。
在大多数地中海露营地里,德国人占优势似乎是个普遍现象,确实如此,但并没有特别的
优待。禁止露天晒衣服、禁止用水龙头冲洗汽车的布告和邀请露营朋友参加舞会、乘船观
光的招贴不仅印志法语、意大利语、西班牙语,而且也印成英语、德语、荷兰语。用饭的
时候,德国泡菜味和大蒜味争相散发,法国人的早点咖啡和英国人的咸肉煎蛋竞相比美。
有组织的露营活动的明显发展是否意味着较独立的自我封闭式露营的最终消失,还很
难说。市政当局当然希望获得露营者的场地费和其他光临的好处,警察则对那些查不出有
固定营地或住处的游荡者保持警惕。但最重要的或许是露营者自己,即他们引起了多少场
野火,留下了多少垃圾。总之,他们是否弄得土地的主人和乡间的居民同他们反目。只有
优良的童子军活动才能保持不朽的童子军所衷心热爱的各项自由。
--
Life is a pure flame,and we live by an invisible sun within us.
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