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发信人: Christy (绿叶~~捣鼓六仙捣毁仙), 信区: English
标 题: A Piece everyday
发信站: 哈工大紫丁香 (2002年07月08日19:08:08 星期一), 站内信件
Institutionalised inequality
The Blairs' private tuition proves that state education is not a level playi
ng field, even in the best schools
Melissa Benn
Monday July 8, 2002
The Guardian
The question of middle-class participation in state schools is more fraught
than ever. Education is long how we have come to know ourselves, to confirm
or create our class identity. But the story of Tony Blair giving his childre
n private tuition shows us that although education - like health - may be th
e site of our most abstract idealism, when it comes to real parents in real
places it is increasingly an area of hard-headed, almost ruthless, pragmatis
m.
It is partly the times in which we live; there is a permanent edginess about
jobs, money and housing, even among the prosperous. Compare this to the mid
-1960s when comprehensives were introduced, a period of greater economic sec
urity but greater political radicalism. In 2002, middle-class parents are in
creasingly governed by the twin engines of ambition and fear. There are pare
nts who speak critically of their own private or grammar school education ye
t are open about their unease as their children progress through the state s
ystem. No vast playing fields. No Latin. No school orchestra. No network of
useful contacts to last a lifetime. Most middle-class children perform well
at GCSE and A-level, wherever they go to school. But it is well known that a
cademic results alone do not determine what many people consider to be a goo
d education.
Whether they use the state or private system, middle-class parents inevitabl
y pass on enormous advantage to their children. They live in warm, book-line
d houses. They may not be tutored but there are lots of extra activities: sw
imming lessons, drama classes, music lessons, regular visits to museums, pla
ys, holidays abroad. It may well be a recipe for premature cultural overload
, but it also means middle-class children bring a lot to the educational tab
le.
B ut nowhere is the agony of the middle-class parent more acute, and in many
ways understandable, than in the inner city. Most parents would be happy to
support a local school with a genuinely mixed intake. What they fear is a s
chool with a paucity of middle-class children.
Without a genuinely mixed intake, a school can falter and fail. With it, it
can become something vibrant, unique. But for a school like this to work, ev
en at primary level, you need a highly controlled, well-resourced environmen
t. It is no secret that the biggest challenge facing today's teachers, parti
cularly in the inner cities, is the day-in day-out reality of child poverty
and its countless knock-on effects, from poor nutrition to behavioural probl
ems.
This is not just an argument for more resources, and a plea for no more talk
of bog standard and bargepole. We also need to recognise that New Labour's
timid and piecemeal education reform risks introducing a new version of the
pre-1965 tripartite system. At the top will be the private schools, now rebr
anded as independents. In place of the old grammars we now have the myriad f
orms of selective schools which are, in their way, places of privilege. Add
to this the new city and specialist academies, and all the gifted and talent
ed programmes which will largely benefit the parents with know-how.
But in place of the old eleven-plus, which was simple if unfair, we will inc
reasingly see a system of shattering, almost comic complexity. In order to w
in places in the new selective tier, children will be learning trumpet, tenn
is and ballet from their nursery years, their parents will be paying strateg
ic visits to the local church or the mosque or the synagogue, and the now co
mmon move to a more favourable postcode will play an ever more important par
t.
And right at the bottom will be the depleted local schools, the old secondar
y moderns. It is these institutions that need the major portion of the £8bn
further investment in education that Peter Mandelson called for this weeken
d. But please, let's not call them comprehensives and use them to knock a sy
stem that is already reeling under attack from all sides. Here, the children
of the working class will be schooled, as ever, to expect little and ask ev
en less.
In many ways, we have become immune to the injustices and absurdities of it
all. Since the introduction of league tables, Ofsted under the teacher-bashi
ng reign of Chris Woodhead and the harmful pronouncements of press secretari
es and education secretaries, the middle class, at least, have known for a w
hile that the game is up. The comprehensive system was never perfect and it
was almost fatally wounded during the Thatcher years. But we might have expe
cted more from a New Labour government than this, a reconfirmation of a thre
e-tiered system that, in effect, will institutionalise inequality from birth
.
It is clear that the original vision of comprehensives, even in a suitably m
odernised and well-resourced form, is not genuinely supported by this govern
ment or this prime minister. The Blair story simply adds one more interestin
g piece to the jigsaw. There really is no level playing field any more. We c
an expect no equality of opportunity, far less of outcome, not even in the b
est selective schools, as some parents at the London Oratory must now be rea
lising.
--
F. I. N. C. E.
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M. C. S.
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