English 版 (精华区)
发信人: Christy (绿叶~~捣鼓六仙捣毁仙), 信区: English
标 题: A Piece everyday
发信站: 哈工大紫丁香 (2002年07月15日19:14:08 星期一), 站内信件
Mine tragedy puts spotlight on Chinese sleaze
The death of 37 mine workers in an explosion in Shanxi is an all too common
symptom of business corruption in rural China, says John Gittings
Tuesday July 9, 2002
It was midnight after the explosion last month at a small goldmine in Shanxi
province when a truck and a jeep drove up to the pithead with a gang of men
.
"The boss says we've got to get rid of the bodies in three hours", shouted t
he gang-leader. Enlisting the help of survivors, they dragged 29 bodies out
of the mine, and pulled out another eight already hidden in a hut on the sur
face.
They piled them on the vehicles and drove off in thick rain: two bodies were
stuffed into the boot of the jeep.
The bodies were scattered in five different places, including a river bank,
a roadside gully and a cave. The next day the mine owner began tipping truck
loads of rubbish down the shaft to destroy the evidence - and perhaps more
bodies.
The local mining inspectors obligingly certified that "two workers died in t
he June 22 explosion at Yiyingzhai goldmine in Fanshi County".
The attempted cover up at Fanshi is only the latest horror story from China'
s mining industry, where 3,400 deaths have been reported so far this year. L
ast year the official total - probably much less than the true figure - was
5,670.
On top of primitive safety standards - some mines do not even have whistles
to sound an emergency - there is widespread evasion of regulatory laws.
In many recent cases local mine owners have bribed local officials, hired ar
med thugs to frighten their workers, and harassed investigating reporters.
In Fanshi, as so often elsewhere, relatives of the victims - most of them mi
grant workers from another province - were put under guard in local hotels a
nd offered money to keep quiet.
"The boss's men told us 'you can't see the bodies'," complained one relative
. "When we asked why, they said: "'No reason why. You just can't see them, t
hat's all!'".
The truth only began to emerge a week later when higher officials arrived af
ter a media tip off and began to scour the countryside.
"The bodies had been wrapped in plastic bags and were already decomposing,"
said a policeman. "Four of them had been set on fire."
The miners were killed when a large cache of explosives, placed illegally in
a shaft nearby to avoid being damaged by the rain, ignited.
Survivors say that a fire had broken out some time before the explosion, and
that when the miners asked for permission to evacuate, they were told to "k
eep on working".
China is inured to mining disasters in spite of periodic edicts from Beijing
to the provinces to close down illegal and unsafe pits.
Just two days before the Fanshi disaster, a gas explosion at a state-owned c
oal mine in Jixi, Heilongjiang province, killed 115 miners, including the mi
ne manager who was initially praised for his devotion to duty.
Investigators soon discovered that the blast was due to "negligent managemen
t of the mine's ventilation system". Yet the horrific tale of the 37 (or mor
e) bodies hidden in Fanshi has captured the public imagination, compelling B
eijing officials to admit that this is more than a problem of inadequate saf
ety standards.
Many see the tragic death toll, mostly among vulnerable migrant workers with
no organisation to defend them, as an indictment of grassroots greed and co
rruption in China's new market economy.
It is "the result of collusion between Capital and Power", said a commentary
carried last week on the website of the People's Daily, the Communist party
's own newspaper. Local officials are "usually linked to mining interests",
the head of the national centre of industrial safety, Liu Tiemin, told a sem
inar in Beijing.
"They grant the go ahead to illegal mining and then use their power to cover
up the truth when accidents occur. They have become the mine owners' agents
in [local] government."
Shanxi, in the north-west, is one of China's rougher provinces where officia
ls are notorious for behaving like local tyrants. It is rich in minerals but
agriculture suffers from drought and badly eroded land.
On the barren hillsides in Fanshi County, with bullion prices rising, there
is a new goldrush under way. Earlier this year, the state company which owne
d the site sold it off illegally to a mine operator, Yin San.
Yin then split up the workings, also illegally, among local investors: he an
d Wang Quanquan, the subcontractor of the shaft where the explosion took pla
ce, are now on the run.
The local mining bureau says it issued a stop notice against Yin's activitie
s, but is "not quite clear" why this was never carried out.
The story was first broken by the Huashang Bao, a newspaper published at Xia
n in the neighbouring province of Shaanxi (the two provinces have similar-so
unding names). Reporters were trailed by unmarked cars and stopped from talk
ing to survivors and relatives.
Two magazine programmes from Central TV and several of China's more enterpri
sing provincial newspapers have followed up the story.
Major disasters are more likely to be reported by media outside the home pro
vince which are less vulnerable to pressure from vested interests.
The mining crisis is also a symptom of the shake-out of China's old state-ru
n industries in which millions of jobs are being lost.
Local mines that are run with cheap labour and minimum safety equipment are
often the only means to making a profit in a declining industry.
A tonne of coal costs three times as much to produce at Shanxi's state mines
as in a local pit. Many of these small mines do not even have gas detectors
or alarm signals.
Whether the latest scandal will produce any lasting change remains to be see
n. A year ago, the media exposed a huge cover up at Nandan in the southern p
rovince of Guangxi, after a tin mine disaster killed at least 80 people.
The mine boss, Li Dongming, had bribed local leaders with gifts of saloon ca
rs, and employed a small army of hoodlums. Last month Li and the officials w
ere given sentences ranging from death to 12 years. Yet the trial, which wou
ld have highlighted the collusion between "capital" and "power", received al
most no publicity.
Last November, all small mines were ordered to close for immediate safety ch
ecks in Shanxi. This has not stopped a string of recent disasters culminatin
g in Panshi - and continuing since then. More than 100 miners have been kill
ed in five coal mine accidents in the first eight days of July.
"What can we do to help?", a Beijing official asked the wife of a Panshi vic
tim last week in front of the Central TV cameras.
"All we want from the government is justice, give us justice!", she replied
sobbing. But in the tough world of China's rural hinterland, far from the ec
onomic boom of the coastal cities, justice may be hard to find when the came
ras are switched off.
--
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