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发信人: icecap (冰蓝), 信区: English
标 题: The Romans in Britain
发信站: 哈工大紫丁香 (Mon Mar 31 16:18:36 2003) , 转信
43 AD to 410 AD
The Romans in Britain
A well planned invasion by 40,000 to 50,000 Roman soldiers took place in the
summer of 43AD. A massive force for those days, and the British tribes were no
match for them.A revolt with the Iceni tribe under Queen Boudica nearly
managed to dislodge the Romans. But their superior military knowledge prevaile
d, and after that they had no major uprisings in England. Most of the country
was under civil, rather than military rule.They pushed north, and built the
network of straight roads across the country, most of which can still be
followed today. As they pushed north into Scotland, they decided to build a
gigantic wall, Hadrian's Wall, to control the frontier. It was started in
122AD, and runs roughly from Newcastle to Carlisle.
The Romans did expand further into Scotland, building the Antonine Wall across
the Lowlands (Glasgow to Edinburgh). However this was a turf, not stone wall,
and little remains. It was started in 142 AD, but abandoned by 163 AD.
The country appears to have enjoyed a period of unprecedented peace - "the
golden age of the Villa". Around 300 AD the Roman Empire came under sustained
attack by the barbarian hordes in central Europe and some troops were
withdrawn to help in that area. Northern Britain started to suffer attacks from
the Scots and Picts.
But it was until 410 AD that the Roman Emperor Constantine finally removed the
whole garrison of Britain to defend the Rhine frontier from attack. The
cities of Britain were instructed to look to their own defence. The Romans
never returned to Britain.
Britain was to slip into a 600 year period of wars and fragmentation.Of Angles
and Saxons invading, the Celts being pushed West, and the country under
almost continuous Viking attack.
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