English 版 (精华区)
发信人: Systems (Queen Victoria Died), 信区: English
标 题: The Plantagenets--EDWARD II
发信站: 哈工大紫丁香 (2003年04月06日18:31:31 星期天), 站内信件
EDWARD II (r. 1307-1327)
Edward II had few of the qualities that made a successful medieval king. Edw
ard surrounded himself with favourites (the best known being a Gascon, Piers
Gaveston), and the barons, feeling excluded from power, rebelled. Throughou
t his reign, different baronial groups struggled to gain power and control t
he King. The nobles' ordinances of 1311, which attempted to limit royal cont
rol of finance and appointments, were counteracted by Edward. Large debts (m
any inherited) and the Scots' victory at Bannockburn by Robert the Bruce in
1314 made Edward more unpopular.
Edward's victory in a civil war (1321-2) and such measures as the 1326 ordin
ance (a protectionist measure which set up compulsory markets or staples in
14 English, Welsh and Irish towns for the wool trade) did not lead to any co
mpromise between the King and the nobles. Finally, in 1326, Edward's wife, I
sabella of France, led an invasion against her husband. In 1327 Edward was m
ade to renounce the throne in favour of his son Edward (the first time that
an anointed king of England had been dethroned since Ethelred in 1013). Edwa
rd II was later murdered at Berkeley Castle.
--
We are angels with but one wing.
To fly we must embrace each other.
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