English 版 (精华区)
发信人: Systems (Queen Victoria Died), 信区: English
标 题: The Hanoverians--GEORGE II
发信站: 哈工大紫丁香 (2003年04月06日18:53:13 星期天), 站内信件
GEORGE II (r. 1727-60)
George II, at the age of 60, was the last British sovereign to fight alongsi
de his soldiers, at the Battle of Dettingen in 1743 in Germany, against the
French. Like his father, for much of his reign George's political options we
re limited by the strength of the Jacobite cause (James Stuart the Old Prete
nder, and then his son, Charles Edward Stuart), with which many of the Torie
s were linked. George's reign was threatened in 1745 when Charles Edward Stu
art, the Young Pretender, landed in Scotland. After some initial success (wh
ich led to the national anthem in its current form becoming popular among th
e Hanoverian loyalists), Charles was defeated at the Battle of Culloden in A
pril 1746 and the Jacobite threat was over.
The foundations of the industrial revolution were laid during George's reign
, with new levels of production in industries such as coal and shipbuilding
and also in agriculture, together with a rapid rise in population. Overseas,
trade was boosted by successes such as Clive's victories in India at Arcot
(1751) and Plassey (1757), which placed Madras and Bengal under British cont
rol, and Wolfe's capture of French-held Quebec in 1759 (part of a successful
campaign which transferred Canada with its wealthy trade in fish and fur fr
om French to British rule).
As the country prospered and George's reign lengthened, his early unpopulari
ty (he did not travel far in England, and much preferred Hanover) changed in
to a general respect. The King's eldest son, Frederick, died in 1751. George
's grandson therefore inherited the throne, on George's death in 1760.
--
Voici mon secret. Il est très simple:
on ne voit bien qu'avec le coeur.
L'essentiel est invisible pour les yeux.
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