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发信人: Systems (Matrix Analysis), 信区: English
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发信站: 哈工大紫丁香 (2002年12月31日23:38:24 星期二), 站内信件
Cancer: portion of the night sky into which the sun "walks like a crab," sid
eways. It is the position of the sun during the summer solstice. The sun ent
ers, stays for a few days, and walks out backward. This constellation was al
so used by sailors to forecast weather conditions. A dim, misty patch named
Praesepe, the beehive, predicted bad weather if it wasn't visible in a clear
sky. Within the area of the sky occupied by the crab lay the Gate of Man th
rough which souls descended into human bodies.
Greece: classically the crab was rewarded by Hera with this important positi
on in the sky after pinching Hercules on the foot while he fought the Hydra.
See the Greek legend of Hercules.
Early Christianity: the manger occupies this position in the sky. Said to be
the manger in which the Christ Child was born. It is visible from December
to June. The two brightest stars of the constellation are said to be the don
keys present when the Child was born.
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Canis Major: referred to as a dog in several mythologies.
Egypt: the bright star Sirius rises with the Sun heralding the flood of the
Nile's waters. Egyptians considered the bright star to be a watchdog who ind
icated the coming deluge. The constellation was the representation of their
dog-god, Anubis. Its rising marked the beginning of the Egyptian calendar ye
ar.
Greece: one of the two hunting dogs of Orion the hunter. The dogs and the ha
re, Lepus, were placed in the sky after Orion was accidentally killed by Art
emis. See the Greek legend of Orion.
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Capricorn: believed to contain the heavenly gate through which souls pass fo
llowing death. This constellation is found in the portion of the sky known a
s the heavenly sea. It has been called the Double Ship, the Southern Gate of
the Sun and the goat with a fish's tail.
Mesopotamia: the carp-goat with the head and forelegs of a goat and the body
of a fish. This constellation was the emperor's sign and was associated wit
h the god of the subterranean freshwater ocean, Enki. Enki is associated wit
h wisdom, magic and incantations, and the arts and crafts of civilization.
Greece: possibly the representation of the she-goat Amalthaea, who nursed th
e infant Zeus after he was hidden from his father, Cronus. Other stories tie
the constellation to the man-goat god Pan.
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Cassiopeia: one of only three female figures in the northern skies. This con
stellation is one of the circumpolar constellations visible at about 40° no
rth latitude. Its legends often reflect the fact that the constellation neve
r sets below the horizon.
Greece: she was the vain and beautiful Queen of Philistia, sometimes referre
d to as Ethiopia. Claiming to have beauty that rivaled the Nereids, her puni
shment was the sacrifice of her daughter, Andromeda, to the sea monster Cetu
s. After her daughter was saved and promised to Perseus as his wife, Cassiop
eia plotted with her daughter's fiancée Agenor, to kill Perseus. While outn
umbered and attacked at his wedding feast, Perseus pulled Medusa's head from
his bag and transformed Cassiopeia, Agenor and his men to stone. The Queen
and King Cepheus are depicted in the sky facing each other's feet. They cann
ot speak to each other. Because the Queen insulted the sea nymphs, the pair
never set below the surface of the sea. The constellation's name is derived
from a Phoenician phrase that means the Rose-Colored Face. See the Greek leg
ends of Andromeda, Cepheus, Cetus, Pegasus and Perseus.
Assyria: she is the Mistress of Grain depicted with a palm frond or grain in
her left hand. This agricultural tie brings the constellation close to the
mythologies of Virgo.
Arabic legend: known as Kaff al-Habib, the dyed hand, the constellation was
eventually considered to be the hand of Fatima, the daughter of Mohammed.
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Centaurus: this half man, half horse marked the southernmost constellation v
isible to astronomers of classical times.
Mesopotamia: the heavenly embodiment of Enkidu, the friend and aid to Gilgam
esh. See the Mesopotamian legend of Orion.
Greece: this constellation represents the centaur, Chiron, practitioner of t
he medical arts and wise council to Hercules. After being accidentally shot
by Hercules with an arrow dipped in the poisonous blood of the Hydra, Chiron
lingered in ceaseless pain. The Titan Prometheus, punished for eternity for
bringing fire to early man, was bound to a rock in Tartarus, a vulture peck
ing his liver forever. It was foretold that an immortal could release Promet
heus from this torture only if the immortal voluntarily took his place. Know
ing that Chiron was in agony from his wound, Hercules asked that Prometheus
be released. Chiron would take his place. Hercules shot an arrow into the vu
lture ending the torture of the Titan and Chiron took his place in Tartarus.
Seeing his son's grief over killing his friend, Chiron was placed in the sk
y by Zeus as a gesture of paternal love.
In other stories, the constellation represents the death of Lupus, the wolf,
on the spear of a heavenly centaur. Early representations of the two conste
llations actually reveal the figure of a centaur holding a staff called the
thyrsus and a wolf. The thyrsus is covered with ivy and grape vines and tipp
ed with a pine cone. These are the ingredients of the godly drink called nec
tar. The she-wolf is Selene, the moon, who helps in the preparation of the d
rink. See the Greek legends of Hercules and Sagitta.
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Cepheus: seen by several ancient peoples as a king. The image of the king is
sometimes shown with his foot on the Pole Star. It is one of the circumpola
r constellations visible at 40° north latitude.
Greece: classically, the king of Ethiopia whose wife was Cassiopeia. He was
also one of the Argonauts. See the Greek legends of Andromeda, Cassiopeia, C
etus and Perseus.
China: known as the Secret Throne of the Five Emperors.
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Cetus: found in the region of the sky usually assigned as the celestial sea,
this constellation is considered the representation of a monster of some so
rt.
Mesopotamia: the monster, Tiamat, depicted here as a sea monster approaching
the bound goddess Istar, and later as a dragon, where she is associated wit
h the constellation Draco in the early creation myths of the area. In her in
carnation as a serpent, Tiamat was killed by Marduk and made into the heaven
ly vault and the land. See the Mesopotamian legends of Andromeda, Draco, Her
cules, Hydra and Perseus.
Greece: the origins of the mythologies of this character are older than the
story of Perseus. Cetus was the mother of Phorcids who gave rise to the serp
ent-guard in the Garden of the Hesperides, the Gorgons, Cerberus the three-h
eaded dog guardian of Hades, the Hydra, the Chimera and others. See the Gree
k legends of Andromeda, Cassiopeia, Cepheus, Pegasus and Perseus.
17th century Christian legend: the depiction of the whale that swallowed Jon
ah.
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Coma Berenices: name given by Tycho Brahe to the constellation previously ca
lled the hair or mane.
Egypt: representation of the sacrifice to Venus made by Berenice who cut off
her golden hair to guarantee the safe return of her husband Ptolemy III of
Egypt.
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Corona Borealis: this constellation is shaped like the crescent moon.
Greece: the crown given to the Princess Ariadne after she was left behind by
Theseus. The seven stars of the constellation represent the seven maidens a
nd seven youths sacrificed to the Minotaur of Crete after the death of King
Minos' son in battle. According to the legend, Theseus went to Crete to kill
the monster and was aided by the beautiful Ariadne who gave him a ball of s
tring. Using the trail of string as he walked through the Labyrinth, Theseus
slew the Minotaur, followed the string out of the maze and returned to Athe
ns with Ariadne as his bride. Reportedly, she became shrewish during the ret
urn voyage and he left her behind. Other versions of the tale have her falli
ng asleep on the island of Naxos and being left behind by mistake. In both v
ersions of the story, Dionysus, feeling sorry for her, gave her a golden cro
wn made by Hephaestus. It was placed in the sky after her death. Another int
erpretation of the Corona Borealis is connected with the legend of Hercules.
See the Greek legend of Hercules.
Arabic: called al-Fakkan, or the Bowl. Its brightest star's name translates
to mean Brilliant One of the Bowl.
Algonquin/Iroquios: the den from which a bear, represented by the four dippe
r stars of the Big Dipper, appears. Various hunting birds chase after her un
til the bear returns to her den in late autumn. See the Native American lege
nd of Ursa Major.
Australian Aborigines: the boomerang.
Christian legend: the crown of thorns worn by Christ at the crucifixion.
Shawnee: the celestial sisters from the legend of White Falcon. White Falcon
was a great hunter. One day he came upon a circle in the grass that was per
fectly shaped and had no trails leading up to it that would tell him who had
made the circle. Wanting to know what could have made the shape he waited a
nd saw a silver basket descending from the sky bearing 12 beautiful sisters.
Wanting to marry one, he disguised himself and eventually caught one of the
women, making her his wife. She was unhappy with life on earth and made her
own basket one night when White Falcon was hunting. Singing a magical song,
she rose to the sky but did not return to her original home. She became the
star Arcturus in the constellation, Bo?tes. Her sisters live in the Corona
Borealis.
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--
We are angles with but one wing each.
To fly we must embrace each other.
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