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发信人: oceann (dany), 信区: English
标 题: [好文共赏]TOEFL作文范文155篇(全)(转载)
发信站: 哈工大紫丁香 (Tue Sep 2 22:14:01 2003)
1. People attend college or university for many different reasons (for exa
mple, new experiences, career preparation, increased knowledge). Why do you th
ink people attend college or university? Use specific reasons and examples to
support your answer.
People attend colleges or universities for a lot of different reasons. I b
elieve that the three most common reasons are to prepare for a career, to have
new experiences, and to increase their knowledge of themselves and the world
around them.
Career preparation is becoming more and more important to young people. F
or many, this is the primary reason to go to college, They know that the job m
arket is competitive. At college, they can learn new skill for careers with a
lot of opportunities. This means careers, such as information technology, that
are expected to need a large workforce in the coming years.
Also, students go to colleges and universities to have new experiences. Th
is often means having the opportunity to meet people different from those in t
heir hometowns. For most students, going to college is the first time they’ve
been away from home by themselves. In additions, this is the first time they’
ve had to make decisions on their own. Making these decisions increases their
knowledge of themselves.
Besides looking for self-knowledge, people also attend a university or col
lege to expand their knowledge in subjects they find interesting. For many, th
is will be their last chance for a long time to learn about something that doe
sn’t relate to their career.
I would recommend that people not be so focused on a career. They should g
o to college to have new experiences and learn about themselves and the world
they live in.
2. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parents are the
best teachers. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
Throughout my life, I have been lucky enough to have a very good relations
hip with my parents. They have supported me, given me necessary criticism, and
taught me a great deal about how to live my life. Parents can be very importa
nt teachers in our lives; however, they are not always the best teachers.
Parents may be too close to their children emotionally. Sometimes they can
only see their children though the eyes of a protector. For example, they may
limit a child’s freedom in the name of safety. A teacher might see a trip to
a big city as a valuable new experience. However, it might seem too dangerous
to a parent.
Another problem is that parents may expect their children’s interests to
be similar to their own. They can’t seem to separate from their children in t
heir mind. If they love science, they may try to force their child to love sci
ence too. But what if their child’s true love is art, or writing, or car repa
ir?
Parents are usually eager to pass on their value to their children. But sh
ould children always believe what their parents do? Maybe different generation
s need different ways of thinking. When children are young, they believe that
their parents are always rights. But when they get older, they realize there a
re other views. Sometimes parents, especially older ones, can’t keep up with
rapid social or technology changes. A student who has friends of all different
races and backgrounds at school may find that her parents don’t really under
stand or value the digital revolution. Sometimes kids have to find their own w
ays to what they believe in.
The most important thing to realize is that we all have many teachers in o
ur lives. Our parents teach us, our teachers teach us, and our peers teach us.
Books and newspapers and television also teach us. All of them are valuable.
#( Books and newspapers) : Books, newspapers
3. Nowadays, food has become easier to prepare. Has this change improved t
he way people live? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
The twentieth century has brought with it many advances. With those advanc
es, human lives have changed dramatically. In some ways life is worse, but mos
tly it is better. Changes in food preparation methods, for example, have impro
ved our lives greatly.
The convenience of preparing food today is amazing. Even stoves have gotte
n too slow for us. Microwave cooking is much easier. We can press a few button
s and a meal is completely cooked in just a short time. People used to spend h
ours preparing an oven-cooked meal, and now they can use that time for other,
better things. Plus, there are all kinds of portable, prepackaged foods we can
buy. Heat them in the office microwave, and lunch at work is quick and easy.
Food preparation today allows for more variety. With refrigerators and fre
ezers, we can preserve a lot of different foods in our homes. Since technology
makes cooking so much faster, people are willing to make several dishes for e
ven a small meal. Parents are more likely to let children be picky, now that t
hey can easily heat them up some prepackaged macaroni and cheese on the side.
Needless to say, adults living in the same house may have very different eatin
g habits as well. If they don’t want to cook a lot of different dishes, it’s
common now to eat out at restaurants several times a week.
Healthful eating is also easier than ever now. When people cook, they use
new fat substitutes and cooking sprays to cut fat and calories. This reduces t
he risk of heart disease and high cholesterol. Additionally, we can buy fruits
and vegetable fresh, frozen or canned. They are easy to prepare, so many of u
s eat more of those nutritious items daily. A hundred years ago, you couldn’t
imagine the process of taking some frozen fruit and ice from the freezer, add
ing some low-fat yogurt from a plastic cup and some juice from a can in the re
frigerator, and whipping up a low-fat smoothie in the blender!
Our lifestyle is fast, but people still like good food. What new food prep
aration technology has given us is more choices. Today, we can prepare food th
at is more convenient, healthier, and of greater variety than ever before in h
istory.
4. It has been said, “Not every thing that is learned is contained in boo
ks.” Compare and contrast knowledge gained from experience with knowledge gai
ned from books. In your opinion, which source is more important? Why?
“Experience is the best teacher” is an old cliché, but I agree with it.
The most important, and sometimes the hardest, lessons we learn in life come
from our participation in situations. You can’ learn everything from a book.
Of course, learning from books in a formal educational setting is also val
uable. It’s in schools that we learn the information we need to function in o
ur society. We learn how to speak and write and understand mathematical equati
ons. This is all information that we need to live in our communities and earn
a living.
Nevertheless, I think that the most important lessons can’t be taught; th
ey have to be experienced. No one can teach us how to get along with others or
how to have self-respect. As we grow from children into teenagers, no one can
teach us how to deal with peer pressure. As we leave adolescence behind and e
nter adult life, no one can teach us how to fall in love and get married.
This shouldn’t stop us from looking for guidelines along the way. Teacher
s and parents are valuable sources of advice when we’re young. As we enter in
to new stages in our lives, the advice we receive from them is very helpful be
cause they have already bad similar experiences. But experiencing our own triu
mphs and disasters is really the only way to learn how to deal with life.
5. A company has announced that it wishes to build a large factory near yo
ur community. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this new influence o
n your community. Do you support or oppose the factory? Explain your position.
New factories often bring many good things to a community, such as jobs an
d increased prosperity. However, in my opinion, the benefits of having a facto
ry are outweighed by the risks. That is why I oppose the plan to build a facto
ry near my community.
I believe that this city would be harmed by a large factory. In particular
, a factory would destroy the quality of the air and water in town. Factories
bring smog and pollution. In the long run, the environment will be hurt and pe
ople’s health will be affected. Having a factory is not worth that rise.
Of course, more jobs will be created by the factory. Our population will g
row. To accommodate more workers, more homes and stores will be needed. Do we
really want this much growth, so fast? If our town is going in growth, I would
prefer slow growth with good planning. I don’t want to see rows of cheaply c
onstructed townhouses. Our quality of life must be considered.
I believe that this growth will change our city too much. I love my hometo
wn because it is a safe, small town. It is also easy to travel here. If we mus
t expand to hold new citizens, the small-town feel will be gone. I mould miss
that greatly.
A factory would be helpful in some ways. However, I feel that the dangers
are greater than the benefits. I cannot support a plan to build a factory here
, and hope that others feel the same way.
6. MA If you could change one important thing about your hometown, what wo
uld you change? Use reasons and specific examples to support your answer.
If I could change one thing about my hometown, I think it would be the fa
ct that there’s no sense of community here. People don’t feel connected, the
y don’t look out for each other, and they don’t get to know their neighbors.
People come and go a lot here. They change jobs frequently and move on. T
his means that they don’t put down roots in the community. They don’t join c
ommunity organizations and they’re not willing to get involved in trying to i
mprove the quality of life. If someone has a petition to put in a new street l
ight, she has a very hard time getting a lot of people to sign. They don’t fe
el it has anything to do with them. They don’t get involved in improving the
schools because they don’t think the quality of education is important to the
ir lives. They don’t see the connection between themselves and the rest of th
eir community.
People don’t try to support others around them. They don’t keep a frien
dly eyes on their children, or check in on older folks if they don’t see them
for a few days. They’re not aware when people around them may be going throu
gh a hard time. For example, they may not know if a neighbor loses a loved one
. There’s not a lot of community support for individuals.
Neighbors don’t get to know each other. Again, this is because people co
me and go within a few years. So when neighbors go on vacation, no one is keep
ing an eye on their house. No one is making sure nothing suspicious is going o
n there, like lights in the middle of the night. When neighbors’ children are
cutting across someone’s lawn on their bikes, there’s no friendly way of ca
sually mentioning the problem. People immediately act as if it’s a major prop
erty disagreement.
My hometown is a nice place to live in many ways, but it would be much ni
ce if we had that sense of community.
#2-4(street light) : streetlight
7 How do movies or television influence people’s behavior? Use reasons an
d specific examples to support your answer.
Do movies and television affect our behavior? A special concern is whether
movies and television make children and society more violent. I believe that
movies and television do influence our behavior, both for the better and for t
he worse.
Movies do make people more violent. The more we see violent acts on televi
sion, the less sensitive we become to them. Eventually violence doesn’t seem
wrong .we may even commit violent acts ourselves. This is especially true beca
use we don’t always realize that violence has consequences. Actors can be kil
led and come back for another movie. Sometimes we confuse that with reality. W
e forget that killing someone is permanent.
Movies and television also influence our behavior because they make us les
s active. Looking at films is a passive activity. If we watch too much, we bec
ome unhealthy, both mentally and physically. We stop using our own imagination
when we see things acted out for us. Mental laziness becomes physical lazines
s; we’d rather watch sports on to than play sports ourselves. we’d rather vi
sit with the characters on “Seinfeld” or “Friends” than go chat with our o
wn neighbors. Imaginary people have exciting lives. Is it any wonder that some
people would rather live a fantasy life than their own?
Of course, watching movies and television can also be good for us. It can
give us a broader window on the world. For example, seeing movies can expose u
s to people of different races and cultures. We can then overcome some prejudi
ces more easily. Recently there have been more handicapped people in films, an
d this also help reduce prejudice.
The best influence on our behavior is that movies and television reduce st
ress. Watching films, we can escape our own problems for a little while. Also,
sometime movies show positive ways to resolve problems we all face. While TV
and movies shouldn’t be a way to hide from life, sometimes they can help us c
ope.
It is true that movies and television can influence our behavior negativel
y. However, I also believe that they influence our behaviors in positive ways.
How they affect you depends on how much you watch, what you watch, and how yo
u respond to what you watch.
#1-1 (behavior): behaviors
8 Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Television has de
stroyed communication among friends and family. Use specific reasons and examp
les to support your opinion.
Some people believe that television has destroyed communication among frie
nds and family. I think this is an exaggeration. In my opinion, whether or not
television hurts communication depends on what type of program is being viewe
d. More importantly, it depends on the type of viewer.
There are empty programs and educational programs. Empty programs do not c
hallenge people. They have just enough storyline to keep them from switching c
hannels. There are also passive and active viewers. A passive viewer will just
watch television without thinking about what be or she seeing. The combinatio
n of an empty program and a passive viewer makes communication unlikely. Passi
ve viewers just continue to watch, actually enjoying the fact that they don’t
have to think. They won’t break away to talk about programming with friends
and family. Even with better programming, passive viewers still won’t think o
r communicate much. The probably even prefer the empty program because the bet
ter programming is too much work.
On the other hand, active viewers watching educational programming always
want to share what they see with friends and family. “Educational” doesn’t
necessarily mean documentaries on BBS. They could be dramas with realistic rel
ationships or action shows with clever plotlines. When active viewers watch pr
ograms, they have ideas and talk about them with others. Good programming insp
ires them to change their thinking and their lives. Unlike passive viewers, th
ey don’t want to watch more and more without thinking.
Television may destroy communication among passive viewers. Those viewers
probably don’t want to communicate with friends and family much anyway. For a
ctive viewers who already enjoy communicating, television is actually helpful!
9 Some people prefer to live in a small town, Others prefer to live in a b
ig city. Which place would you prefer to live in? Use specific reasons and det
ails to support your answer.
I grew up in a small town and then moved to a big city, so I have experien
ced the good and bad sides of both. I never thought that I would like living i
n a big city, but I was wrong. After ten years of living in one, I can’t imag
ine ever living in a small town again.
Small towns and big cities both have some problems in terms of transportat
ion. In a small town, you have to own a car to ensure a comfortable living .yo
u can’t get around without one because there isn’t any kind of public transp
ortation. Big cities generally have heavy traffic and expensive parking, but t
here you have a choice of taking public transportation. It’s not free, but it
’s often cheaper than driving when you consider gas and time, especially if y
ou don’t have a car, you’re better off in the city.
I love the excitement of big cities. Small towns have a slow pace. Large c
ities mean you have to adapt to a variety of situations, like finding a new ro
ute to work or trvine a new restaurant. I enjoy that challenge very much. Anot
her part of the excitement of city living is the variety of cultural activitie
s available. There is a wild assortment of theatre music and dance performance
s available in big cities. These things are rare in small ones.
The final thing I think about large cities is the diversity of the people.
the United States is made up of people of different races, religions, abiliti
es, and interests. However, you seldom find such a variety of people in a smal
l town. I think that living in an area where everyone was just like me would q
uickly become boring.
Of course, security is a concern, and that one area where small towns are
superior to big cities. Still, I would rather be a bit more cautions and live
a large city than to feel secure but bored.
#3-3 trvine?
10 ”When people succeed, it is because of hard work, Luck has nothing to
do with success.” Do you agree or disagree with the quotation above? Use spec
ific and examples to explain your position.
When people succeed, it is because of hard work, but luck has a lot to do
with it,too. Success without some luck is almost impossible. The French empero
r Napoleon said of one of his generals, “I know he’s good. But is he lucky?”
Napoleon knew that all the hard work and talent in the world can’t make up f
or bad luck. However, hard work can invite good luck.
When it comes to success, luck can mean being in the right place to meet s
omeone, or having the right skills to get a job done. It might mean turning do
wn an offer and then having a better offer come along. Nothing can replace har
d work, but working hard also means you’re preparing yourself opportunity. Op
portunity very often depends on luck.
How many of the great inventions and discoveries came about through a luck
y mistake or a lucky chance? One of the biggest lucky mistakes in history is C
olumbus’ so-called discovery of America. He enriched his sponsors and changed
history, but he was really looking for India. However, Columbus’ chance disc
overy wasn’t pure luck. It was backed up by years of studying and calculating
. He worked hard to prove his theory that the world was round.
Success that comes from pure luck and no hard work can be a real problem.
For example, consider a teenage girl who becomes a movie star.
Imagine she’s been picked from nowhere because of her looks. She is going
to feel very insecure, because she knows she didn’t do anything to earn her
stardom. On the other hand, think about an actress who’s spend years learning
and working at her craft. When she finally has good luck and becomes a succes
s, she will handle stardom better, she knows she earns it.
People who work hard help make their own luck by being ready opportunity k
nocks. When it comes to success. I think that hard work and luck so hand in ha
nd.
作者:celt 回复日期:2003-07-02 09:14:10
楼主骗人~~
只有9篇。-_-b
作者:何不可 回复日期:2003-07-02 09:31:34
看序号,是十篇
作者:celt 回复日期:2003-07-02 09:43:43
OK,10篇。
还剩145篇……
作者:思思雨中人 回复日期:2003-07-02 10:53:35
陆陆续续都登出来,让大家开开眼界
作者:思思雨中人 回复日期:2003-07-02 10:54:51
:)
作者:Cindy520 回复日期:2003-07-02 13:25:09
我會全部貼出來﹐不好意思﹐昨天太晚了﹐所以沒時間貼
作者:Cindy520 回复日期:2003-07-02 13:25:54
11 Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Universities sho
uld give the same amount of money to their students‘ sports activities as the
y give to their university libraries. Use specific reasons and examples to sup
port your opinion.
I disagree strongly with the idea that the same amount of money should go
to university sports activities as to university libraries. Although playing
sports is a wonderful way to learn about teamwork, strategy and reaching your
goals, it should not be the principal focus of a university education.
Students need the most up-to-date library facilities available to get the
best education. Many of those facilities are very expensive to buy and mainta
in. These include computerized programs and access to internet research databa
ses that students can use to find information all around the world. If a unive
rsity is only offering its students resources of a decade ago, it’s depriving
those students of a tremendous amount of information.
Even the book and magazine budget of universities has gone up tremendousl
y in last decade. More is being published on every subject, and every universi
ty wants to have this information available to its students.
It also costs money for universities to keep their libraries open. Studen
ts need to have access to all the libraries‘ research tools as much of time a
s possible. Because students are young and can stay up all night studying, man
y universities are starting to leave their libraries open all night during exa
m periods. This costs money, because the staff has to be paid extra to be ther
e. It also costs money to run the building (electricity, heat) during that tim
e.
Students at universities are only going to benefit from their education i
f they can get to all the tools they need to learn. Sports are secondary to th
e resources that students need from university libraries. For this reason, lib
raries should always be better funded than sport activities.
12 Many people visit museums when they travel to new places. Why do you th
ink people visit museums? Use specific reasons and examples to support your an
swer.
People love to visit museums when traveling to new places. I think this i
s because museums tell them a lot about the culture of those places. Museums a
re also fun. It’s almost impossible to get bored in a museum. Every museum wi
ll have at least one thing of interest to somebody.
When visiting someplace new, you can find out about the culture of that p
lace in many ways. You can go to a movie or a place of worship or a nightclub.
Another option is to sit in the park and listen to the people around you. The
easiest way to learn about a place‘s culture, though, is by visiting its mus
eums. Museums will show you the history of the place you‘re visiting. They’l
l show you what art the locals think is important.
If there aren‘t any museums, that tells you something, too.
Museums are fun. Even if you‘re not interested in art or history, there
is always something to get your attention. Many museums now have what they cal
l "hands-on" exhibits. These were originally designed to keep children occupie
d while their parents were looking at exhibits. However, museums have found th
at adults enjoy hands-on opportunities just as much as children. These exhibit
s have activities like pushing a button to hear more about what you‘re lookin
g at, creating your own work of art, or trying on clothes like those on the mo
dels in the museum.
People also enjoy visiting museums about unusual subjects. For instance,
in my hometown there‘s a museum devoted to the potato. This museum has art ma
de out of potatoes. It also tells all about the history of the potato, and sel
ls potato mementos like key chains and potato dolls.
People enjoy visiting this museum because it‘s different. It’s not somet
hing they‘d find in their hometown and the museum‘s curator enjoy talking ab
out the Great Potato.
Museums are popular because they are about us. They reflect our creations
, our values, and our dreams. No matter who you are or what you like, somewher
e there is a museum that will amaze and interest you.
13 Some people prefer to eat at food stands or restaurants. Other people p
refer to prepare and eat food at home. Which do you prefer? Use specific reaso
ns and examples to support your answer.
Some people like to eat out at food stands and restaurants, while others
like to prepare food at home. Often it depends on the kind of lifestyle people
have. Those with very busy jobs outside the house don‘t always have time to
cook. They like the convenience of eating out. Overall, though, it is cheaper
and healthier to eat at home.
While eating in restaurants is fast, the money you spend can add up. When
I have dinner at restaurant with a friend, the bill is usually over twenty do
llars. I can buy a lot of groceries with that much money. Even lunch at a fast
-food stand usually costs five or six dollars for one person. That’s enough t
o feed the whole family at home.
Eating at home is better for you, too. Meals at restaurants are often hig
h in fat and calories, and they serve big plates of food--much more food than
you need to eat at one meal. If you cook food at home, you have more control o
ver the ingredients. You can use margarine instead of butter on your potatoes,
or not put so much cheese on top of your pizza. At home, you can control your
portion size. You can serve yourself as little as you want. In a restaurant,
you may eat a full plate of food "because you paid for it".
It‘s true that eating out is convenient. You don‘t have to shop, or coo
k, or clean up. But real home cooking doesn‘t have to take a lot of time. The
re are lots of simple meals that don‘t take long to make. In fact, they‘re f
aster than eating out, especially if you think of the time you spend driving t
o a restaurant, parking, waiting for a table, waiting for service, and driving
home.
Both eating at restaurants and cooking at home can be satisfying. Both ca
n taste good and be enjoyed with family and friends. I prefer cooking at home
because of the money and health issues, but people will make the choice that f
its their lifestyle best.
14 Some people believe that university students should be required to atte
nd classes. Others believe that going to classes should be optional for studen
ts. Which point of view do you agree with? Use specific reasons and details to
explain your answer.
Some people may believe that going to classes should be optional, but I d
isagree. I don‘t understand how university students can expect to learn anyth
ing if they don‘t attend classes. Personal experience can help people learn a
bout themselves and the world outside the classroom, but when it comes to lear
ning about academic subjects, students need to be in class.
In class they receive the benefit of the teacher‘s knowledge. The best t
eachers do more than just go over the material in than class textbook. They dr
aw their students into discussion of the material. They present opposing point
s of view. They schedule guest speakers to come, give the students additional
information, or show documentary films on the subject.
Also, attending classes on any subject teaches more than just facts. It t
eaches students how to learn, how to absorb information and then apply what th
ey‘ve learned to other situations. Their teacher is the best one to help them
with these skills. They can‘t learn them just by reading the textbook.
Going to class also teaches students how to work with the other members o
f the class. Many times students will be given group assignments. This is diff
erent from what they did in secondary school. Here they‘re with people from d
ifferent backgrounds and experiences. In this situation, they learn how to han
dle working with people different from themselves to achieve a common goal.
Going to class also teaches students responsibility and discipline. Havin
g to be at a particular place at a particular time prepares them for getting a
job. Being at a place on time with an assignment completed prepares them for
a career.
In short, by going to class students learn more than just information fro
m the teacher. They also learn how to learn, how to work with others, and how
to work responsibly. These are not optional skills in life, so attending class
es should not be optional in college.
15 Neighbors are the people who live near us. In your opinion, what are th
e qualities of a good neighbor? Use specific details and examples in your answ
er.
If you have a good neighbor, you are a lucky person. You have someone who
cares about your needs and your property, who is helpful in the little day-to
-day situations that come up, and who is supportive in times of crisis.
A good neighbor is someone who, for instance, understands that your child
ren may occasionally run across his lawn, even though you tell them not to. He
‘ll realize that children can be careless about things like that, and he won‘
t make a big fuss about it unless it becomes a regular thing. In the same vein
, he knows that you‘ll understand if some of the trash from his trash cans bl
ows across into your yard. IN other words, he is sensitive to the unintentiona
l things that can happen. He doesn‘t make a big deal about them.
A good neighbor is also respectful of your property. For example, she ask
s your permission before doing anything that interferes with what‘s yours. Th
is means she wouldn‘t plant a huge tree in between your houses without asking
how you feel about it. If she wanted to put up a fence, she would let you kno
w first. She might work with you to decide where it should be placed. Maybe th
e two of you would even split the cost.
A good neighbor would lend you some milk if you ran out . She‘d give you
a ride to work if your car was broken, and let your children stay at her hous
e in the evening if you got stuck working overtime. You would do the same for
her. Both of you would help make the other‘s life easier.
when something really awful happens to you, like a death in the family, a
good neighbor will volunteer to help in any way he can. This could mean somet
hing small, like making some casseroles to put in your freezer to feed vesting
relatives, Or it could mean something big, like helping you get through the s
adness of the funeral.
I think only someone who has experienced a bad neighbor can really apprec
iate a good one! A good neighbor can be a good friend. He or she can make all
the difference in the world to your life.
16 It has recently been announced that a new restaurant may be built in yo
ur neighborhood. Do you support or oppose this plan? Why? Use specific reasons
and details to support your answer.
I can see both advantages and disadvantages to having a new restaurant bu
ilt in our neighborhood. I‘m worried about traffic and how it will affect our
neighborhood. However, I think that it will benefit local businesses and incr
ease appreciation for our neighborhood. Overall, I think it is a good idea.
Traffic congestion is always a concern when you build something new. Our
streets are narrow, with parking on both sides. More cars traveling through th
e neighborhood could cause a lot of congesting. Traffic means parking problems
, too. Our neighborhood has very few garages attached to the houses. Most of u
s depend on finding a space to park on the street. If the new restaurant is bu
ilt, we’ll be competing for those spaces with the restaurant‘s patrons. Plus
, if the restaurant offers wallet parking, it‘ll be even worse. Valet parkers
work in teams to grab every possible space available on the street.
I‘m also concerned about the type of patrons this new restaurant will br
ing into our neighborhood. A family restaurant wouldn‘t be a problem. However
, if it‘s going have a bar and dancing, then there could be problems. The res
taurant would stay open later, and people leaving the restaurant might be drun
k. Who wouldn‘t worry about rowdy customers staggering around our neighborhoo
d in the early morning hours, looking for their cars?
I have to admit, though, there are advantages to a new restaurant. Our ne
ighborhood could certainly use the jobs the restaurant would provide. Not only
that, the money neighborhood residents would earn there would likely be spent
at other neighborhood businesses. This would give a boost to those businesses
and make our neighborhood more prosperous.
A new restaurant would also attract a lot of people to our neighborhood.
They could see what a nice area this is to live. That might attract new reside
nts to the neighborhood. That would be a good thing, because we‘ve been losin
g residents to the suburbs the last couple of years.
There are a lot of details to consider, but all in all, I support the ide
a of this new restaurant in our neighborhood.
17 Some people think that they can learn better by themselves than with a
teacher. Others think that it is always better to have a teacher. Which do you
prefer? Use specific reasons to develop your essay.
Most of us can learn how to do something simple on our own with just a se
t of instructions. However, to learn about something more complex, it‘s alway
s best to have a teacher.
Teachers bring with them varied and useful backgrounds. They‘ve been tra
ined to teach individuals in different ways depending on their style. For inst
ance, omen students learn better by discussing a topic. Others learn more by w
riting about it. Teachers can help students learn in the way that‘s best of e
ach student. A textbook or a manual can only give you one way of learning some
thing. Plus they‘re only as helpful as your ability to understand them. A goo
d teacher can adapt her teaching to your needs.
Teachers help you focus on what you‘re learning. If you‘re learning som
ething by yourself, it’s easy to become distracted, and go on to other activi
ties. Teachers keep your attention on the subject. They also approach a subjec
t logically, taking it one step at a time. On your own, it‘s tempting to skip
parts of the learning process you think you don’t need. That can binder your
ability to really understand the subject.
Learning a subject on your own is a very narrow way of learning. You can
only use the information you get from the textbook. With a teacher, you get th
e information in the written materials as well as the teacher‘s own knowledge
of the topic. Teachers can also provide extra materials to broaden the scope
of what you‘re learning.
There‘s nothing wrong with studying on your own, and a learner can alway
s benefit from some quiet study. For the best possible learning, though, a goo
d teacher is the biggest help you can have.
18 What are some important qualities of a good supervisor(boss)? Use speci
fic details and examples to explain why these qualities are important.
Even though job situations can be very different, there are several quali
ties that all good supervisor have in common, A good boss treats all her emplo
yees fairly. She doesn‘t single out one employee for better(or worse)treatmen
t than the others. A poor supervisor has favorites. Sometimes she‘ll even use
her favorites to spy on other employees. She expects them to tell her what th
e others are saying about her. This can cause a lot of bad feeling among emplo
yees.
A good supervisor gives clear and understandable directions. She doesn‘t
constantly change her mind about what she wants employees to do. She also doe
sn‘t get angry with an employee who is confused and needs her to explain the
directions again or more fully. Delegating authority well is another quality o
f a good supervisor. She knows how to use the skills of her employees to best
advantage. A poor supervisor insists on doing everything herself. She is unwil
ling to give any authority to others.
A good boss evaluates her employees on a reasonable ser of criteria, not
on how she feels about them personally. And she lets the employees know what t
hose criteria are, so they have a fair chance of meeting them.
She gives both praise and criticism in a straightforward manner. She also
offers guidance when needed. A poor supervisor will criticize without giving a
ny suggestions on how to improve.
Most importantly, a good supervisor set the standards for her employee by
her own behavior. She works hard and treats employees like valuable assets to
the company. This promotes good morale among her workers, and this is of grea
t benefit to her business.
19 Should governments spend more money on improving roads and highways, or
should governments spends more money on improving public transportation ( bus
es, trains, subways)? Why? Use specific reasons and details to develop your es
say.
Governments should definitely spend more money on improving all forms of
public transportation. These include buses, subways and trains. This is the be
st way to preserve natural resources and reduce pollution.
As a planet, we’re dealing with a finite amount of natural resources. On
ce they‘re gone, they can‘t be replaced. They can‘t fill our need for oil a
nd gasoline forever. But we seem to forget that and consume them at an incredi
ble rate. In wealthier counties, some families have two or three cars. As soon
as teenagers get their driver‘s licenses, they’re given cars so their paren
ts won‘t have to drive them places.
Public transportation hasn‘t been sufficiently developed. Because of thi
s, suburban areas surrounding cities have been allowed to sprawl more and more
widely. This means that people can‘t even go to the store without having to
hop into the car. Everything is too far away from where they live. If there we
re better and more frequent public transportation, people would be able to giv
e up their cars for local driving.
As a result of all the cars being driven, we’re dealing with terrible po
llution problems. In big cities, there are days during the summer when the eld
erly and people with respiratory problems are advised not to leave the house.
Ten years ago this was unheard of! Now it‘s the norm. Public transportation w
ould cut down considerably on air pollution.
Public transportation also encourages a sense of community. People who tr
avel to work together all the time get to know each other. Car isolate us from
neighbors. However, people feel they need to drive because they can‘t depend
on public transportation to fit their schedules. If more money were available
, buses, subways and trains could run 24 hours a day. Then they would be avail
able all the time to the people who need them.
I always try to take public transportation whenever possible, and I encou
rage friends and neighbors to try it too. I think we must support public trans
portation in order to create a better world.
20 It is better for children to grow up in the countryside than in a big c
ity. Do you agree or disagree? Use specific reasons and examples to develop yo
ur essay.
There are advantages and disadvantages to a childhood in either the count
ry or a city. It‘s hard to say which is better. Growing up in the country mea
ns a certain amount of isolation. You‘re in a small town or on a armband not
with a lot of people. Even more important, the people you meet everyday tend t
o be just like you. Most will be the same race as you, have the same backgroun
d as you, and will have gone to the same school as you. In the city, the peopl
e you meet are different. There are different races and different cultures. Yo
u get a more interesting mix.
City people tend to come from a lot of different places and move around a
lot. So, there isn‘t the sense of community in the city that you have in the
country. People in the city can live in the same apartment building for twent
y years and never get to know their neighbors. In the country, everybody knows
everybody. For a child, this means the country is more secure. A child can ge
t lost or hurt in the city and have no one to turn to. In the country, everyon
e’s a neighbor. People in the country feel connected to each other.
A child growing up in the city has the advantages of a lot of interesting
and exciting place to visit. He or she can go to the zoo, museum, art galleri
es and concerts. There are a lot of restaurants with different kinds of food.
It’s easy to see every new movie that comes out. Child in the country don‘t
have a lot of these activities nearby.
All in all, I think a childhood in the city is better because it prepares
you more for what real life is like.
作者:Pomelo 回复日期:2003-07-02 13:26:26
哈哈, 上了一个饿当
作者:Cindy520 回复日期:2003-07-02 13:26:52
21 EX In general ,people are living longer now. Discuss the causes of this
phenomenon. Use specific reasons and details to develop your essay.
Today people are living to be much older than ever before. Some of the ma
in reasons for this are the improved health care and better nutrition availabl
e to everyone.
Medical care is more available to people. Although not everyone can get t
he best heath care, everyone can get basic heath care and advice. When people
are seriously ill, they can go to a public hospital and be taken care of. Year
s ago, health care wasn‘t available to everyone. Some people didn‘t live nea
r a doctor or a hospital, and others couldn‘t pay for the care they needed. T
hey made do with herbal medicines or folk remedies. Of course, some of these w
orked, but not for the more serious diseases.
The quality of medical care has improved. That’s also a factor in longev
ity. Doctors know more now about what causes disease and how to care it ,Years
ago, doctors only knew about the most basic diseases and cures. Medicine was
not very advanced. You could die from something as simple as an infection from
a cut. Now we have antibiotics and other medicines to help cure infections.
People are also living longer now because of better nutrition. We ‘re ea
ting better and more healthfully than we used to .That‘s reduced the number o
f people with heart disease and cancer. We try to eat low-fat foods and eat mo
re vegetable and fruits ,which are now available year-round.
Improved medical care and healthy eating habits has greatly expanded our
life spans. What we need to do now is make sure that everyone in the world has
these benefits.
22 Ex We all work or will work in our jobs with many different kinds of pe
ople, in your opinion ,what are some important characteristics of a co-worker
(someone you work closely with)?Use reasons and specific example to explain wh
y these characteristics are important.
We spend more time with our co-workers during a week than we do with our
family, Thus, it’s important for our co-workers to be people we can get along
with. I’ve worked in a lot of offices, and I‘ve found there are certain cha
racteristics that all good co-workers have in common.
A good co-worker is very cooperative, She does her best to get along with
others.
She tries to keep her end of things flowing smoothly to help others in the
office. She
realizes that if one person doesn‘t get her work done, it can hold up eve
ryone else. She has a positive attitude that creates a pleasant working enviro
nment.
A good co-worker is adaptable. She is not stubborn about changes in sched
ules or routines, and doesn‘t object to having her job description revised. T
hat can make life miserable for everyone around her. A good co-worker is willi
ng to change her schedule to accommodate another worker‘s emergency, She has
no problem with new procedures and welcomes changes when they come.
A good co-worker is helpful. She pitches in when someone falls behind in
his or her work. She’s willing to do whatever it takes to get the job done. S
he doesn‘t keep track of how often she has to finish another‘s work or take
on extra work. Some co-workers do their own job, period. They have no sense of
office community. They only want to do their work, get paid and go home.
A good co-worker is a sympathetic listener, and never uses what she learn
s against people. she doesn’t gossip. A bad co-worker uses negative rumors to
take advantage of others.
Being a good co-worker isn‘t too hard, but some people just can‘t seem
to manage it. Wouldn’t it be a wonderful world if everyone could?
23 AD Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Sometimes it
is better not to tell the truth .Use specific reasons and details to support y
our answer.
I agree that sometimes it is better not to tell the truth. In some cases
the truth is going to hurt someone and no good will be gained by it. If so, th
en I don‘t think that person should be told the truth. There are times when a
person needs to know the truth in order to make an important decision, There
are also times when telling the truth is the only way to help someone who‘s b
eing self-destructive. However, often telling the truth only benefits the tell
er, not the person being told.
If someone has said something nasty about a person, those words don‘t ne
ed to be repeated. However, what if a person has told a shameful secret to a f
riend, and that friend has told the secret to others? Then that person needs t
o know that she can‘t trust her friend, Otherwise ,she might tell that friend
other secrets.
What if someone is doing something self-destructive, like partying all ni
ght in college instead of studying? Then he needs to be told that this behavio
r is upsetting his friend who are worried about him. However, if he skips clas
s and teacher asks his friend why he isn‘t there, it’s not necessary for the
friend to tell the truth. He doesn‘t have to be, but he also doesn‘t have t
o give information about his friend‘s behavior.
Sometimes people needs to know the truth before they can make an importan
t decision. Suppose you‘re selling your house and you know there‘s water in
the basement. Then you should tell the truth about that to anyone interesting
in buying your house. If you don’t, you could be in trouble legally as well a
s ethically! However, you don‘t need to tell the truth about the cranky neigh
bor who lives next door. The neighbor may not be as cranky with someone else a
s he was with you. Sometimes It‘s better not to tell.
24 AD In some countries, teenager have jobs while they are still srudents.
Do you think this is a good idea? Support your opinion by using specific reas
ons and details.
I don‘t think it is a good ideas for teenagers to have jobs while they a
re still students. It can interfere with their studies, It can disrupt their h
ome life, and it takes away part of their childhood that their can never repla
ce.
Education today is very complex and difficult .In order to learn and get
good grades, a student must work very hard and concentrate, This means attendi
ng classes from early in the morning until late afternoon, then doing research
for projects, then going home and doing homework. It’s a busy schedule for e
veryone. For someone trying to hold down a job, it’s even harder. Students ne
ed all their energy for their studies. If they‘re working after class at nigh
t, they’re going to be tired the next day. They won‘t be able to concentrate
. This will have a negative impact on their learning, and eventually on their
grades.
Having a job can also disrupt a teenager‘s home life. Families spend les
s and less
time together. If a teenager has a job to go to after school, he won‘t be
home for dinner.
He won‘t be home after dinner either, and may not get home until late at
night, This means he doesn‘t have a lot of time to spend with his family .If
he doesn‘t have a car, it can mean changes in his parents‘ schedule ,too. Th
ey have to drive him to work and pick him up.
The main drawback of a teenager having a job while he‘s still a student
is that he‘s missing out on the fun of being young. He has a whole lifetime i
n which he‘ll have to earn a living. This is the last free time he‘ll have,
It’s the last chance he‘ll have to hang out with friends and just enjoy hims
elf. Soon enough he‘ll have to worry about paying the rent and buying food.
Jobs bring money, but money isn‘t everything. A teenager with a job give
s us too much. No one should spend all his time at working, and especially not
a teenager.
25 PR A person you know is planning to move to your town or city .What do
you think this person would like and dislike about living in your town or city
? Why? Use specific reasons and details to develop your essay.
A friend of mine from college is moving to my city, so I have been thinki
ng about what she would and wouldn‘t like about it, I’d say the quality of l
ife here, as far as fun and activities are concerned, is very good. The qualit
y of life isn‘t very good, though, in other important ways.
Living in a lager city is exciting, but you pay a price for it. There are
lots of interesting things to do, and good restaurants with food from around
the world. There are museums, art galleries, and lots of movie theaters. Howev
er. the crime rate is high, and people have to be careful about where they go
at night. There‘s a lot of traffic most of the time, and finding a parking sp
ace can be a problem. There are also a lot of people living here. Sometimes it
feels too crowded.
In a big city like mine, housing is very expensive. If costs a lot even i
f you‘re just renting an efficiency apartment. The good side is that there‘s
a lot of choice about where you want to live and how you want to live. You ca
n find apartment of all sizes in different settings. Houses of equal variety a
re available for sale or rent.
If my friend likes the great outdoors, she might be disappointed. Unfortu
nately, my city doesn‘t have a lot of wide open green spaces, and there aren‘
t a lot of trees on the streets. We‘re not near the ocean, and the mountains
are a day‘s drive from here. Still, we do have some natural areas. For exampl
e, we have a beautiful big park. It even has a lake in the middle that‘s used
for ice skating in the winter. There’s a different kind of beauty in the cit
y.
Thinking about it, I suppose whether my friend likes my city will depend
on whether or not she likes exciting places. I hope she likes a lot of variety
as far as housing and activities are concerned. If she does, then this is the
place for her.
26 AD It has recently been announced that large shopping center may be bu
ilt in your neighborhood. Do you support or oppose this plan? Why? Use specifi
c reasons and details to support your answer.
There would be both advantages and disadvantages to having a shopping cen
ter built in my neighborhood. One advantage would be the convenience. I would
like to have all those stores close by. Shopping would be much easier and fast
er because I wouldn‘t have to drive great distances to get to the stores.
A shopping center would mean more choices, because there would be more st
ores selling different products. I might have a movie theater nearby, because
so many shopping centers these days include movie theaters in their plans. Mos
t shopping centers also have restaurants and a food court. That means a greate
r variety of places to eat in our area.
Having a shopping center built in the neighborhood would also mean more j
obs for the community. Initially, these jobs would be in the building of the c
enter. Later the jobs would be in the stores, theaters, and food establishment
s.
Of course, these would be some disadvantages, too. Probably the biggest p
roblem would be traffic. A lot of people would be coming to the shopping cente
r. They’d drive through our neighborhood to get to the center. In addition, i
f there wasn‘t enough parking at the center, they might look for parking spac
e near our homes.
A shopping center might also invite more crime into our neighborhood. Par
king lots after dark are a big temptation to robbers. They know people are the
re with money to spend. The shopping center might also become a place where un
ruly teenagers would gather. This could cause trouble. Our town would need a c
ommunity center for them to go to instead.
On the whole, though, I think my neighborhood should support having a sho
pping center built here, It would bring more variety to our shopping, give us
the opportunity to amuse ourselves at movies theaters and restaurants, and bri
ng more jobs into the area.
27 AD It has recently been announced that a new movies theater may be buil
t in your neighborhood. Do you support or oppose this plan? Why? Use specific
reasons and details to support your answer.
Some people will say that a new movie theater in our neighborhood would b
e a bad thing. However, I fully support the plan to build one. I feel that a m
ovie theater would bring more opportunities for recreation, reduce teenage del
inquency, and lead to several improvements in the town.
As it stands, there is little to do in my town. There are no parks here,
and there is certainly no nightlife. Additionally, the nearest movies theater
is more than thirty minutes away. That is inconvenient for everyone here. Many
movies end late at night. Who want to a long drive home at 11:30 p.m. or midn
ight?
Building a new movie theater here will reduce juvenile delinquency, Like
everyone else, teens here are bored. They need activities to keep them busy an
d out of trouble. The jobs that the theatre will provide will help teens, too.
We need more businesses that are willing and eager to employ young people.
Overall, the new theater will bring many improvements to the town, For ex
ample, it will help other businesses. That is because the movie theater will a
ttract customers from neighboring towns. Those neighbors do not have a reason
to come to this town now. However, if they are coming here for a movies, they
will be more likely to stay here to shop. If we get more visitors, we’ll need
better roads. While this may be costly, it will also make travel easier for p
eople living here. We will be able to get around faster, Safety will be improv
ed with the new roads, because they will be in better condition than many that
we have now.
I believe that our town needs a new movie theater. Again, I support it fu
lly, I hope that others in our community will join me to convince residents an
d local government.
28 AD Do you agree or disagree with the following statement ?People should
sometimes do things that they do not enjoying doing. Use specific reasons and
examples to support your answer.
I agree that people should sometimes do things that they don‘t enjoy doi
ng. This is a basic part of being an adult. Plus, some things that aren‘t "fu
n" are still good for us in the long run.
Take personal tasks. Who enjoys going to the dentist? Very few people enj
oy having their annual check-up with the doctor. Not a lot of people enjoy cha
nging the oil in their car or moving their lawns. These are all things we do b
ecause we have to, not because we want to .We realize that taking care of our
physical health is the sensible thing to do .We know that if we don‘t change
the oil in our cars, our cars won‘t run. We understand that grass grows and i
f we don‘t mow it, our lawns will look like tropical forests.
Professional tasked are another part of the same equation. No one likes t
o be stuck with a boring assignment or to be told we have to work with someone
no one else gets along with. Sometimes we have to put up with unfair criticis
m from a supervisor or resentment from those we supervise. If we‘re in manage
ment., we may have had the unpleasant task of having to fire someone. None of
these are fun things, Unfortunately, they’re all part of earning a living, so
mething the majority of adults have to do.
On the other hand, sometimes doing some thing we don‘t enjoy doing can l
ead to enjoyment. Simply by trying it again, we may decide we like doing it .f
or instance, we may have convinces ourselves we hate to dance. We agree to go
to a club only to please someone else. Yet, for some reason, this time we enjo
ying dancing. We’ve been cheating ourselves of enjoyment without even knowing
it. The same can be true of trying new foods or a new type of museum.
Doing what we don‘t enjoy doesn’t always have to be a bother, does it?
It’s just part of life.
29 AD Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Television, n
ewspapers, magazines, and other media pay too much attention to the personal l
ives of famous people such as public figures and celebrities. Use specific rea
sons and details to explain your opinion.
I think the media pay too much attention to the private lives of famous p
eople. Television, newspaper magazines and web sites dig up all kinds of past
bad actions. They say that these are true reflections of a person‘s character
. This may be true if they occurred only a few years before, but some of these
are things people did as teenagers. People in their forties are expected to e
xplain something they did when they were fifteen. If they killed someone, obvi
ously that‘s more than a youthful mistake. Usually, though, these incidents i
nvolve experiments with drugs or being reckless in a car. They‘re not somethi
ng that the public needs to know.
The media love to say that the public has a right to know. That‘s not tr
ue. We don‘t need to know if a movie star or politician has had an extramarit
al affair. That is something of concern only to the people involved. We do nee
d to know if someone we‘re electing to public office has been involved in sha
dy business deals, but we don‘t need to know if he or she defaulted on a loan
twenty years ago.
It seems the media dig up these facts without giving thoughtful considera
tion to what might happen. It has an effect on the celebrity‘s family, especi
ally the children. A celebrity‘s good name and credibility may be ruined befo
re he or she can prove that rumors are false. If a case goes to court, paying
a lawyer can use up all their money. Even if it doesn‘t come to that, they ma
y find their career ruined.
When are we, the public, going to make it clear to the media that we‘re
tired of having to watch this kind of thing on the news? Wouldn‘t it be bette
r if they would concentrate on more important issues?
30 PR Some people believe that the Earth is being harmed(damaged) by human
activity. Others that human activity makes the Earth a better place to live.
What is your opinion? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer
.
The quality of human life has improved greatly over the past few centurie
s, but Earth is being harmed more and more by human activity. As we develop ou
r technology, we demand more from our planet. Eventually, this will harm peopl
e as well.
Our planet gives us everything we need, but natural resources are not end
less. Strip mining devastates whole regions, leaving bare and useless ground.
Deforestation removes old growth trees that can‘t be replaced. Too much fishi
ng may harm fish populations to the point where they can‘t recover. We are to
o careless in taking what we want without giving anything back.
There are more people than ever, living longer that ever. So is it any su
rprise that many areas suffer from too much development? Anyone living in or n
ear a city has experienced "urban sprawl". There is a new shopping area on eve
ry corner and new houses, townhouses and apartments everywhere. Traffic gets w
orse and worse because planners can‘t keep up with growth. Keeping up with hu
man demand is hard enough. Environmental concerns come in last.
With growth comes pollution. Companies and communities dump waste into wa
ter. Landfills are full of trash. Emissions from factories pollute the air. Ba
rrels of industrial waste and worse, radioactive waste, have no safe place to
go. If we‘re not careful, we can harm
our planet beyond repair.
People need to respect the Earth and try to preserve it. If we don‘t, wh
at kind of future will we have?
作者:Cindy520 回复日期:2003-07-02 13:27:57
31. It has recently been announced that a new high school may be built in
your neighborhood. Do you support or oppose this plan? Why? Use specific reaso
ns and details in your answer.
I oppose having a new high school built in my neighborhood. Although I kn
ow there’s a real need for a new facility, I have to say that I don’t want o
ne built so close to me. I think it would cause a lot of problems.
First of all, there are very few teenagers in this neighborhood, or in our
suburban subdivision, for that matter. Most of the residents here are either
retired or are just starting out with young children. This means that the kids
coming to the new high school wouldn’t be walking. They would come on buses
or would be driving to the school. Either way, this would mean a lot more traf
fic on our streets.
In addition to the traffic on school days, there also would be traffic whe
never there was a sporting event, such as a basketball or football game, or ac
tivities at the school. Would there be enough parking in the school lot for ev
eryone attending those events? Probably not. Consequently, those extra cars wo
uld end up our neighborhood.
My neighbors and I would also be upset about the loss of the park, which i
s the site that’s been selected for the high school. Mothers with young child
ren gather there every morning for their kids to play together. People my age
like to take a walk after dinner. On weekends, that park is a place for picnic
and relaxation. We’d be sorry to lose our neighborhood park.
I also have some concerns about all those young people being in our neighb
orhood. Would there be problems with drugs or fights? Could the school distric
t guarantee us that security would be a priority? These are concerns that I do
n‘t think can be addressed sufficiently for me to support a new high school i
n my neighborhood.
32 Some people spend their entire lives in one place. Others move a number
of times throughout their lives, looking for a better job, house, community,
or even climate. Which do you prefer: saying in one place or moving in search
of another place? Use reasons and specific examples to support your opinion.
Even though I have lived in the same house, in the same neighborhood, in t
he same city my entire life. I know I would be happy living in a variety of pl
ace. Moving would expose me to new people, new weather, and new housing.
Even if I were to move to another part of my city, I would encounter new p
eople. Each neighborhood has a distinct personality. When I move to that neigh
borhood, I would meet the shopkeepers and residents that shape that personalit
y. I may even adopt part of there manner as my own so I could be recognized as
part of that community.
If I want to encounter different weather patterns, I would have to move be
yond my city. Where I live now, it is the same temperature all year, I would l
ike to go to a place where there are four seasons so I can experience really c
old temperatures. I would like to walk in the snow and perhaps go skiing. I co
uld learn winter sports if I lived in the north.
Now of course, I live with my parents in their home. It is a one story hou
se built around a courtyard where our family spends a lot of time. If I were t
o move, I would like to live in an apartment on a very high floor so I could s
ee all around me. I could also meet my neighbors in the elevator and we could
get together for coffee in my apartment.
The more I move the more I would experience change. I would meet new peopl
e in every place I lived; I could move to sample countries with four seasons o
r even a continent like Antarctica which only has two. Wherever I lived, I wou
ld experience living in housing particular to that area. I would then be a cit
izen of the world, wouldn’t I? Could you call me a foreigner if I called ever
yplace my home?
33. Is it better to enjoy your money when you earn it or is it better to s
ave your money for some time in the future? Use specific reasons and examples
to support your opinion.
“Save it for rainy day.” That’s my motto. When I have a choice between
spending my money or putting it in my savings account at the bank, I always pu
t it in the bank.I will have a lot of expenses in the future like my education
, travel, and unforeseen emergencies. I need to have money set aside for these
expenses.
Education is expensive. I can’t depend on my parents to pay all my bills.
I have tuition, room and board, books, and incidental expenses to pay for. I’
ll try to get a scholarship to cover some of these costs, but I know I will be
responsible for a lot of the expenses. If I spend my money now, I won’t be a
ble to pay for my education. I need to save money for my education.
Travel is also very expensive. I don’t mean vacation travel. I mean trave
l to get to and from school. Transpacific airfare costs a lot even special red
uced fares. I first have to get to school and then, of course, I want to retur
n to my family for important festivals and occasions. Going back and forth wil
l be costly, but worth it. I need to save money for these trips.
Emergencies could arrive at any moment. I might have an unexpected illness
while I am at school. There might be costs that won’t covered by the school
insurance. One of my family members may need help, I will have to send them mo
ney. You can’t predict emergencies like this, but you can be prepared. I need
to save money for these emergencies.
When you are not rich, you cannot spend your money carelessly. You must pl
an ahead. I know in my life, I will have expenses for my schooling and for tra
velling to and from my home. I know that I will also have unexpected expenses
related to unforeseen emergencies. I must be prepared. I need to save money fo
r these events.
34. You have received a gift of money. The money is enough to buy either a
piece of jewelry you like or tickets to a concert you want to attend. Which w
ould you buy? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.
The choice between spending money on tickets to a concert or spending mone
y on jewelry is an easy one. Given this choice, I would buy jewelry. The reaso
ns are obvious, jewelry is an investment; it is permanent; and it is fashionab
le.
Jewelry like a gold bracelet for example is a very good investment. It is
important for women( and for man, too) to have gold jewelry. If you have some
serious financial problem, you could always sell your jewelry to help you over
any rough spots. You could not sell your used concert ticket.
Jewelry, unless you sell it, is permanent. You always have it ware. Each t
ime you put it on , you will remember the day you bought it. It will give you
pleasure for years and years. You could not wear the ticket stub from the conc
ert.
Jewelry is very fashionable. I would feel very smart wearing a beautiful g
old bracelet or diamond pin. People would comment and tell me how much they lo
ved my jewelry. They would compliment me on my good taste.
I would feel very rich with my jewelry. I would have a good investment whi
ch is permanent and fashionable. Then, when someone invites me to a concert( a
nd pays for my ticket), I will have something beautiful to wear.
35. You must select a person to teach others to do a job. Which one of the
following is the most important for you to consider in making you selection?
l The person’s education
l The person’s work experience
l The quality of the person’s previous work
Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
Training someone to do a job is an important task. It requires a good educ
ation, work experience, and skilled job performance. Of these three requiremen
ts, I believe it is most important that a potential job trainer be judged on t
he quality of his or her previous work.
A person may be well educated, but not able to perform a job proficiently.
A doctor may know how to treat childhood diseases, but not be able to train m
edical students to perform surgery. An accountant may be able to balance a com
pany’s accounts, but not be able to help the company’s executives invest the
ir money.
A person may have a lot of work experience, but not be able to do the job
well. Time is not the best measure of quality. A mother may spend 17-years rai
sing her children, but not be able to train young mothers to care for their in
fants. A typist may have typed ten-years worth of letters, but may not type ov
er 30 words a minute.
A person who does a job well is the one you want to be a trainer. I want t
o learn to fly a plane from a pilot who has faced a lot of mechanical problems
in flight and never had an accident. I want to learn how to make money from a
billionaire not form a salaried investment broker.
As in all things, it is quality that we look for, not general knowledge or
time spent in an occupation. I want others to learn from the best, so they ca
n be the best, too.
36. Business should hire employees for their entire lives. Do you agree or
disagree? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
In some business cultures, it is the practice to hire workers when they ar
e young and employ them until they retire. In other business cultures companie
s hire people to do a job and then fire them when they are not needed. To me,
the important considerations in today’s economy is job performance: speed and
change. Loyalty is not a consideration.
Today there is a lot of competition and we need to hire workers who can pe
rform a task well. We need to find skilled workers who can do a job without a
lot of training. We need to match the job to the worker, and, if the job chang
es, we change the worker.
Because of this increased competition, we need to be able to produce our g
oods or services quickly. We need young people who are willing to put in long
hours. We need young people who are aggressive and will push themselves to do
their job faster.
In order to compete, we have to be innovative. By changing our workforce f
requently, we can bring in new ideas. We must constantly be looking for new wa
ys to do new things. We need fresh workers with fresh points of view.
Although a company’s loyalty to a worker and a workers loyalty to a compa
ny is a noble idea, it is not practical today. Skilled workers do not want to
be tied down to one company; they want the flexibility to improve their opport
unities. Change makes the economy powerful.
37. Countries, businesses, and schools are three areas that need good lead
ers. Choose one of these three areas and describe the most important qualities
of a leader in that area. Explain why these qualities are important, using sp
ecific examples and details.
The principal of a school is one of our first encounters with a figure of
authority. Consequently, he or she must be a good example of a leader. The pr
incipal must be firm, fair and foresighted which are important qualities of a
principal.
When a principal announces a rule, you must understand that he or she mean
s it. If a rule requires all students to be in their seats when the bell rings
, the rule must be enforced. If students are out of their seats, they should b
e punished. If a rule requires that students not wear bats in school, the rule
must be enforced. If students wear bats, the bats must be taken away from the
m. A principal must be firm.
When a principal enforces a rule, you must understand that he or she will
treat everyone equally. If I get caught eating at my desk, I must receive the
same punishment that my classmate got when she got caught eating at her desk.
If a sophomore is late for school, he or she must receive the same punishment
that a senior would. A principal must be fair.
When a principal establishes a rule, you must understand that he or she ha
s a good reason for it. If a rule requires that students must participate in e
xtracurricular sports, you should understand that the principal knows that a s
trong body as well as a strong mind will help us in the future. If a rule requ
ires that students must do two hours of volunteer work in the community each w
eek, you should understand that the principal knows that close involvement in
the community builds strong character. A principal must be foresighted.
A principal’s job is not as easy one. I only hope that in the future, I c
an model my own leadership abilities on the ones I observed in school. I hope
I can be as firm, fair, and foresighted as my principal.
38 Choose one of the following transportation vehicles and explain why you
think it has changed people’s lives.
l Automobiles
l Bicycles
l Airplanes
Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
An airplane is a form of transportation that has changed people’s lives.
Thanks to the plane, our lives are now faster, more exciting, and more conveni
ent that before.
You cannot deny that a plane is fast. For example, the Concorde flies at s
upersonic speed. A businessman can leave Paris at 11 a.m. in the morning and a
rrive in New York at 8 a.m. the same morning in time for a day’s work. Many b
usiness people in Europe will fly to London for a noon morning in time for a d
ay’s work. Many business people in Europe will fly to London for a noon meeti
ng and then return home to Rome or Madrid for dinner.
It is always exciting to take a plane trip. When you take a trip by plane,
you know that you might cross many time zones, many oceans, and many countrie
s. When you get off the plane, you could be in a place that speaks a different
language. A plane is like a magician’s trick. You get in a box and you come
out somewhere totally different.
Nothing can beat the convenience of a plane. In the old days, it might tak
e you days to do what the plane can do it an hour. Boats, for example, only le
ave on certain days of the week and take a long time to get to their destinati
on. Planes give you the option to leave several times a day and get you to you
r destination quickly.
Although other forms of transportation may be more comfortable, none has c
hanged the way we do business and live our lives more than the plane. Thanks t
o the speed, excitement, and convenience of the planes, our lives are richer.
39. Do you agree or disagree that progress is always good? Use specific re
asons and examples to support your answer.
Who would disagree with the statement “ progress is good”? Without progr
ess , there would be no change. Without progress, there would be no change in
our economy, our standard of living, or our health.
Progress is required to keep the economy moving forward. New products need
to be developed; new services need to be created. Without progress, our econo
my would stand still. There would be no change. Without progress, there would
be no supermarkets with fress produce brought in from all over the world.
Progress is required to improve our standard of living. Our homes today ar
e more efficient and use less natural resources thanks to improvement in home
construction techniques. Our clothes are warmer and safer thanks to developmen
ts in textile manufacturing. Our educational system is better thanks to the us
e of the computers and the Internet.
Progress is required to improve the heath of the world population. Without
progress, there would be no vaccines against deadly diseases like smallpox. W
ithout progress, there would be increased infant mortality. Thanks to progress
, our lives are longer and healthier.
Progress is a natural state. Without it, we would not evolve. Without it,
our economy, our standard of living, and our health would deteriorate. Who cou
ld deny the necessity of progress.
40 Learning about the past has no value for those of us living in the pres
ent. Do you agree or disagree? Use specific reasons and examples to support yo
ur answer.
People often say “ Those who don’t understand history will repeat the mi
stakes of the past.” I totally disagree. I don’t see any evidence that peopl
e have made smart decisions based on their knowledge of the past. To me, the p
resent is what is important, not the past. I think that people, the weather, a
nd politics determine what happens, not the past.
People can change. We can’t assume that people will continue to hate one
another just because they have had hated one another for years. Look at Turkey
and Greece. When Turkey had an earthquake, Greece sent aid. When Greece had a
n earthquake, Turkey sent aid. Now, these two countries are cooperating and lo
oking forward to improved relations. No doubt, if we looked at the past, we co
uld have thought this was a lost cause. But people change.
The weather can change. Farmers think that they can plant certain crops be
cause these crops have always grown well in their fields before. But the weath
er can change. There can be a long drought. The crops that have always worked
well , will die. A drought-resistant crop needs to be tried. If we looked at t
he past, we would not have changed our crop and we would have lost our farm. W
eather changes.
Politics an change. According to my way of thinking, politicians must be r
esponsive to changes in the people. If politicians looked only at the past, th
ey would always say the same thing. People change. On the whole, people today
care about human rights. They warn all people to have the equal rights. If we
looked at the past in the United States, we would see a lot of discrimination
against races, women, and sexual orientation. Now, that is changing. Politicia
ns changes, too.
As a rule what is important today is to follow the mood of the moment. We
can’t be looked in the past. It doesn’t do us any good to think about the pa
st. People, the weather, and politics can change in any direction. The directi
on of this change, in my opinion, can not be predicted by studying the past.
作者:Cindy520 回复日期:2003-07-02 19:20:45
41 AD
The expression “Never, never give up” means to keep trying and never sto
p working for your goals. Do you agree or disagree with this statement? Use sp
ecific reasons and examples to support your answer.
“If at first you don’t succeed, try, try again.” These are wise words.
One should never give up. There is always another opportunity, another goal, o
r another option.
Once I ran for president of my class. Unfortunately, I lost. I lost becaus
e I did not promote myself enough. I looked at my mistakes and decided how to
correct them. The following year, I ran for president again. This time I gave
speeches, called voters on the phone, and banded out brochures. This time I wo
n. Never give up. There is always another opportunity.
Once I wanted to study medicine. Unfortunately, I didn’t like science. I
failed all my science courses at school. Then I realized that what I liked abo
ut medicine was helping people. I changed my goal from healing people to helpi
ng people. Now, I’m studying psychology. There is always another goal.
Once I wanted to talk with my friend. Unfortunately, his computer was down
and I couldn’t e-mail him. His phone line was busy so I couldn’t call him.
Mail would take too long so I couldn’t write him. Since I really wanted to ta
lk with him. I got on the bus and went across town to visit him. There is alwa
ys another option.
If you give up, you might as well die. My advice is to always look for ano
ther opportunity, another goal, or another option. There is always something e
lse. Don’t give up.
42 AD
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? With the help of te
chnology, student nowadays can learn more information and learn it more quickl
y. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
Technology has greatly improved the way we get information. Students can n
ow get more information, get it more quickly, and get it more conveniently.
The Internet and the World Wide Web has opened every major library and dat
abase to students around the world. Information comes not only in print form,
but also in multimedia. You can get audio and video data. You can get informat
ion about event in the past as well as events that unfold as you watch your co
mputer monitor.
Information comes at the speed of the Internet, which is to say in nanosec
onds. You can type in a few key words in your search engine, and the engine wi
ll search the entire www to find information on your topic. You don’t have to
spend hours pouring over card catalogs in the library and looking at the shel
ves. This research is done for you instantly on the Web.
It is certainly more convenient to sit at home and do research on your com
puter. Your computer is open 24 hours a day, unlike a library or office, which
has limited hours and limited resources. You can do research in your pajamas
while you eat breakfast. What could be more convenient?
Technology, especially the Internet, has certainly changed the quantity an
d quality of the information we get. The speed and convenience of a computer h
elps students learn more, more quickly.
43 AD
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Games are as import
ant for adults as they are for children. Use specific reasons and examples to
support your answer.
Everyone likes to play games. Games are important at any age to keep your
mind sharp, learn new things, and maintain social skills.
People say you can’t teach old dog new tricks. Modern research has shown
that senior citizens can continue to grow brain cells by exercising their mind
. Games are a great way to exercise your mind. By concentrating on the tactics
of the game, memorizing moves, keeping track of your opponents’ strategies,
you can keep your brain functioning and growing.
Some games can teach you a lot. Games that ask questions, for example, wil
l show you what you don’t know. (Name the capital of Albania, for example.) I
t is always easier to learn something when you realize you don’t know it.
When you play a game, you have to be considerate of your opponents. You ca
n observe people’s reactions and the way they interact as they play. It is al
ways interesting to watch people. Maintaining personal contacts is important f
or everyone.
Regardless of your age, playing games can help you keep your mind alert, l
earn new things, and build friendships.
44 EX
Awards and prizes are given for excellence in various fields. Do these awa
rds and prizes serve a useful purpose? Use specific reasons and examples to su
pport your answer.
A prize or award, whether it’s the Noble Prize, the Academy Award, or Bes
t Handwriting Prize, is important. Such prizes can have economic, personal, an
d social effects that enrich the life of the recipient.
Prize like the Noble Prize can be a cash award. But ever for prizes that d
on’t, like the Academy Award, an actress who wins best actress will be offere
d more roles and a higher pay than actresses who don’t win the award. Even fo
r the elementary student who received the school’s Best Handwriting award may
get a congratulations gift from proud grandparents.
The personal benefits of receiving any award are evident. Any award winner
is pleased that be or she has been recognized for his or her work. When peopl
e receive the Academy Award, they often cry they are so happy.
Everyone likes to be with a winner. A person who gets a prize often has ma
ny new, best friends. A winner’s social life is much better than a loser’s s
ocial life. The winner of the Best Handwriting prize may not be very popular w
ith his or her jealous classmates, however.
Awards serve a very useful purpose in that their economic, personal, and s
ocial benefits add to the recognition.
45 AD
Some people think that human needs for farmland, housing, and industry are
more important that saving land for endangered animals. Do you agree or disag
ree with this point of view? Why or why not? Use specific reasons and examples
to support your answer.
In the past, there have been many endangered animals. Now they are extinct
. Does it matter? Has our environment been affected by their absence? Has the
quality of our own life been changed? The answer to these questions is “Yes.”
Yes. It does matter if we destroy an endangered species habitat to develop
more farmland, housing or industrial parks. There is a delicate balance of na
ture. If one small part is removed, it will effect all the other parts. For ex
ample, if certain trees are cut down, bats will have no place to roost. If the
y cannot roost, they cannot breed. If there are no bats, there will be no anim
al, or bird to eat certain insects that plague our crops.
Yes. Our environment has been affected by the absence of certain animals.
Certain flowers are pollinated by butterflies, which migrate from Canada to Me
xico. Some of the breeding grounds of these butterflies were destroyed. Now th
ese flowers are disappearing from certain areas. We will no longer be able to
enjoy their beauty.
Yes. The quality of our life has been changed America used to be covered w
ith giant trees. Now we have to visit them in one small park. Rain forests aro
und the world are being cut down to make room for humans. We will never be abl
e to see or study this fragile ecosystem.
I would encourage us humans to look for other alternatives for our farmlan
ds, housing, and industries. We have alternatives; the animals do not.
46 MA
What is a very important skill a person should learning in order to be suc
cessful in the world today? Choose one skill and use specific reasons and exam
ples to support your choice.
The one skill I would choose for success is tolerance. I do not define suc
cess economically. I define success socially. To succeed in the future, we wil
l need to be tolerant of one another’s background, opinions, and lifestyle.
The world is becoming increasingly mobile. We no longer are able to live a
nd work only with people who went to the same schools and went to the same par
ties as our parents and we did. Now, we will work directly with people whose b
ackgrounds are completely different from ours. We must be tolerant of these di
fferences as they must be tolerant of us if we are to live and work together a
miably.
We cannot stop speaking to people or start a war just because there is a d
ifference in opinion. We must learn to be tolerant of one another and respect
these differences in opinion. We have to find a common ground, an idea we can
both agree on. Once we have agreement on one subject, it will be easier to set
tle differences in other subjects.
Different people have different lifestyles. We must accept these differenc
es even though they may be different than what we are used to. Woman can live
on their own, hold important jobs, and raise children on their own. Men can st
ay home and take care of children. Social roles can change and we must be tole
rant of these changes.
To succeed socially, you must be adapted to differences. You must be toler
ant of all peoples regardless of their background, their opinions, or their li
festyles.
47 MA
Resolving problems between individuals or groups is important. What should
be considered or kept in mind in resolving problems between individuals or gr
oups? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
Conflict resolution is very important. The technique is the same whether i
t’s between people, between groups, or between nations. You need to find a co
mmon ground; you need to learn what both sides want; and you need to plan step
s to resolve the conflict.
Finding a common ground is the first important step in any conflict resolu
tion. For example, if two countries are fighting, a mediator could do what is
the single thing that both counties are concerned about. One answer might be t
heir children’s future. Agreeing on the future of their children is an import
ant first step.
The next step would be to try to determine what both sides want for their
children. For example, Country X says, “Security from Country Y.” Country Y
says, “Security from Country X.” Obviously, they feel threatened by one anot
her.
The third step is to plan steps to resolve the conflict. A mediator might
ask what would make each side more secure: Stronger borders? Increased trade?
Smaller military forces? Once the steps are established, the peace process has
begun.
I don’t mean to imply that this is easy. Resolving long-term disputes is
not simple. But the process can be broken down into three steps (common ground
, needs, steps to resolution) and then repeated and repeated until there is pe
ace.
48 AD
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Self-confidence is
the most important factor for success in school or at work. Use specific reaso
ns and examples to support your opinion.
Self-confidence is one very important factor for success, but there are tw
o other equally important factors: knowledge and sensitivity. All three are re
quired for success in any area.
One needs to feel one can accomplish a task. If one thinks he or she is in
capable of doing something, he or she will not succeed. For example, if you th
ink you are going to do poorly on an exam, you will probably do poorly. It is
important to tell yourself that you can do well. If you have confidence in you
rself, you will probably do well.
Even if you have a great deal of self-confidence, you won’t be able to we
ll on the exam without knowledge. You have to understand your subject very wel
l. With knowledge and self-confidence you have a better chance of success.
In areas other than exams, you will need to be sensitive to your surroundi
ngs in order to succeed. You will need to know whether to boast about yourself
or be modest; you will need to know whether you should take the lead or let o
thers. This is a difficult skill to learn, but an important one for success.
To be successful in school or work, you need three qualities: self-confide
nce, knowledge, and sensitivity. Along, none of these factors will help you su
cceed. But together, they ensure success.
49 EX
Why do you think some people are attracted to dangerous sports or other da
ngerous activities? Use specific reasons and examples to support our answer.
Dangerous sports or activities attract a certain type of person. This pers
on is often a risk taker, an optimist, and a fatalist.
People who take risks are found both in dangerous sports and business. But
it is a special person who takes a risk with his own life as opposed to his m
oney. My father was a risk taker. He put everything be owned into his business
, but he stopped playing risky sports like horseback riding and skiing. Once h
is business was a success and he no longer bad to worry about providing for us
, he returned on the age of 60, to the risky sports that he did as a youth.
Someone who plays a dangerous sport must be an optimist. They cannot imagi
ne that anything will happen to them. They never think about breaking their le
g while skiing, falling off a cliff while rock climbing, falling on their head
while sky diving. They live for the thrill of the moment without a thought to
the many things that could go wrong.
Rock climbers and sports car drivers must be fatalist. They might plan for
potential problems, but once they have done everything they can do, the outco
me is out of their bands. A motorcyclist when jumps across a narrow canyon wil
l get the fastest, strongest bike available that will carry him or her across
the canyon, however, wind conditions or other problems might interfere and the
cyclist my fall short of his goal.
Many people have the same traits of course. Many of us are risk takers, op
timists and fatalists. But I think people who play dangerous sports must have
these characteristics in abundance.
50 EX
Which is more important for success: the natural ability you are born with
or hard work? Explain your opinion, using specific reasons and examples.
Without a doubt, hard work is a much better predictor of success than natu
ral ability. In my experience, I have seen this at work in sports, school, and
work.
Many athletes have a natural ability to run the fastest mile or kick the b
all the most accurately. Unless they work hard though, they will not be stars.
They need to train daily, eat properly, live correctly. It takes hard work to
be Number One.
At school, I have seen many very bright students do poorly on exams. They
count on their intelligence to get them through. However, unless they do their
homework every day, participate in class discussions, and study for exams, th
ey will be the bottoms of the class.
Many salespeople can talk with anyone and convince him or her to buy somet
hing. They have a natural ability to sell. They must however apply some hard w
ork to this skill. They must learn a lot about their customers, about the prod
uct they are selling, and about the market, they must put some effort into the
paper work that goes along with the sale. If they don’t follow through, the
sale will not be made.
Whatever the area, whether on the playing field, at school, or on the sale
s floor, a person must not rely on his natural ability along if he or she want
s to succeed. They must work hard to be a success.
作者:Cindy520 回复日期:2003-07-02 19:22:14
51 AD
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parents or other ad
ult relatives should make important decisions for their older (15 to 18 year-o
ld) teenaged children. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opini
on.
No one knows me as well as my parents. No one wants the best for me like m
y parents. It is natural that I should allow my parents to make important deci
sions for me. I think all older teenagers (15 to 18 year-olds) should take the
ir parents advice on decisions that concern their education, their social life
, and their future careers.
My parents have always chosen the best schools for me to attend. They have
encouraged me to attend special prep classes to make sure that I was well pre
pared for the exams. They have given me tutors to make sure that I understood
my subjects well. When it comes to choosing a college, I will trust my parents
to make that decision. They know what they can afford and what will give me a
good education.
When I was young, my parents would invite children over to play with me. O
ver the years, I have become very close to these children. They are like my fa
mily. We celebrate holidays and birthdays together. We even go to the mountain
s together in the summer. My parents do not want me to fall into the wrong cro
wd. They do not want me to meet and fall in love with someone they do not know
. I understand that and I want to make them happy.
My father runs a very successful business and my mother is a well-known po
litician. They are very well connected and they have many friends who would li
ke me to work for them when I finish school. This is a very good arrangement f
or me.
If all children follow their parents’ wishes, they would probably be happ
ier. Parents only want the best for their children.
52 PR
Some people like to travel with a companion. Other people prefer to trave
l alone. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support you
r choice.
Traveling alone is the only way to travel. If you take someone with you, y
ou take your home with you. When you travel alone, you meet new people, have n
ew experiences, and learn more about yourself.
When I traveled with my friend, I spend all my time with that friend. We e
at together and sightsee together. When I travel alone, I spend my time lookin
g for new friends. It is easy to fine other people, either other tourists or l
ocals, to eat with or have a coffee with. When you share meals with strangers,
they become friends.
When I travel with a friend, my routine is predictable. We maintain the sa
me schedule that we do at home. When I travel alone, I adopt the rhythm of the
place I visit. I might take a nap in the afternoon and eat dinner at 11 pm. I
might go to a disco and dance all night.
When I travel with a friend, we know how we will react to things. When I t
ravel alone, each new experience requires a new reaction. If I don’t try new
things, I won’t be able to decide if I like something or not. Shall I ride an
ostrich or eat one?
I think it is always important to do things on your own. You can fine new
friends, collect new memories, and adopt different ways of doing things. Isn’
t that the point of travel?
53 PR
Some people prefer to get up early in the morning and start the day’s wo
rk. Others prefer to get up later in the day and work until late at night. Whi
ch do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support your choice.
I prefer sleeping late and staying up late at night. This routine fits my
body’s rhythm, my work schedule, and my social life.
I believe in following my body’s natural rhythm. My body tells me to slee
p until I am ready to get up and go to bed when I am sleepy. This means I neve
r get up early in the morning. My body tells me it likes me to get 8 to 10 hou
rs of sleep a day.
Sleeping late also fits my work schedule. Actually I don’t have that much
work to do. I can easily finish my work between lunch and dinner. I think tha
t if one works too much, there is not enough time left to enjoy one’s self.
My active social life is another reason I prefer to sleep late. Who gets u
p early in the morning to have fun? No one. Anything amusing, such as concerts
, dances, parties, dinners, all happen at night. If I got up early in the morn
ing, I would be too tired to enjoy myself in the evening.
I will maintain this pattern forever I hope. I think it is always importan
t to listen to your body and if your body tells you to stay in bed, you should
listen to it. By listening to you body, you will never let work interfere wit
h your social life.
54 EX
What are the important qualities of a good son or daughter? Have these qu
alities changed or remained the same over time in your culture? Use specific r
easons and examples to support your answer.
The qualities of a good son and daughter---obedience, loyalty, respect---h
ave not changed. Any patent will tell you that, like their ancestors, they exp
ect these qualities from their children. However, they do not always get what
they expect from their children.
Parents demand that their sons and daughters, regardless of age, obey them
. Even if the children are married and have their own children, they should st
ill do whatever their parents ask of them. At last, that’s the way it was. No
w, children tend to obey their parents until the children are of college age.
Then they feel they are adult enough and can make their own decisions even if
these decisions are against the parent’s wishes.
Parents also expect loyalty from their children. If there was a dispute in
the neighborhood or between families, the parents would expect their children
to side with their own family. This quality is probably still very common. Mo
st children today will support their family against others.
Parents, of course, demand respect. As people become more mobile, and intr
oduced to non-traditional ways of doing things, this quality may not endure. P
arents are sometimes viewed as old-fashioned. Children don’t think their pare
nts can appreciate the way life really is. They think their parents are too ol
d to understand. They lose respect for their parents.
Obedience, loyalty, and respect are virtues that are being challenged toda
y. We may not obey our parents, give them the loyalty or respect they wish or
deserve, but I hope my children obey me, are loyal to me, and respect me.
55 PR
Some people prefer to work for a large company. Others prefer to work for
a small company. Which would you prefer? Use specific reasons and details to
support your choice.
I would prefer to work in a large company rather than a small one. A large
company has more to offer in terms of advancement, training, and prestige.
In a large company, I can start at an entry-level position and work myself
up to the top. I could start in the mailroom and, once I know the company, ca
n apply for a managerial position. In a small company, there is not as much ro
om to grow.
In a large company, there are a variety of jobs. I could work in sales, in
marketing, in distribution, in shopping, or in any department I applied for.
I could be trained in a variety of positions and would have valuable experienc
e. In a small company, there would not be the same opportunity.
In a large company, there would be more prestige. I could brag to my frien
ds that I worked for one of the biggest companies in the world. I would always
have something to talk about when I met strangers. If I worked in a small com
pany, I would always have to explain what the company did.
Working for a small company would not give me the same opportunities for a
dvancement or on-the-job training as working for a larger company would. Nor w
ould I be as proud to work for a small company---unless the small company was
my own.
56 EX
People work because they need money to live. What are some other reasons
that people work? Discuss one or more of these reasons. Use specific examples
and details to support your answer.
Although people work to earn money, money is not the main reason people st
ay in their jobs. They also work because they enjoy working, they receive job
satisfaction, and they like the sense of accomplishment.
Most people work for work’s sake. They enjoy going to an office, or store
, or school each day. They like to interact with other people. They like to he
lp people solve problems, learn something, or get a product. People like to he
lp other people.
A lot of people keep the same job because the job gives them a lot of sati
sfaction. They genuinely enjoy what they do. This is true for most teachers. A
teacher’s pay is not very great, but the job satisfaction can be very high.
Helping someone learn is one of the greatest things anyone can do.
People enjoy their work because they like the sense of accomplishment. The
y like to know what they finished a project. People, who work in factories, ta
ke pride in the car they produce or the television they assemble. When they se
e a car on the street, they can feel a sense of accomplishment. They helped ma
ke that car.
Money is nice, but it is not the only reason people get up and go to work
each day. I believe that people work because they enjoy the act of working; th
ey find their work personally rewarding; and they like the feeling of a job we
ll done.
57 AD
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Face-to-face commu
nication is better than other types of communication, such as letters, email,
or telephone calls. Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.
I would have to agree that face-to-face communication is the best type of
communication. Face-to-face communication can eliminate misunderstandings imme
diately, cement relationships, and encourage continued interaction.
If you are talking to someone directly, you can see right away if they don
’t understand you. A person’s body language will tell you they disagree or d
on’t follow your line of thought. You can repeat yourself or paraphrase your
argument. If you had sent an e-mail, the person may have misinterpreted what y
ou wanted to say. He or she could be insulted and you would have to waste time
explaining yourself in another e-mail.
When you talk face-to-face, you communicate with more than words. You comm
unicate with your eyes and your hands. You communicate with your whole body. P
eople can sense that you really want to communicate with them. This energy bon
ds people together. Your relationship with a person can grow much stronger whe
n you communicate in person.
Face-to-face encounters tend to go on longer than other forms of communica
tion. An e-mail lasts a second; a telephone call, a few minutes. However, when
you meet face-to-face, you’ve made an effort to meet with the person, and th
e person has made an effort to meet with you. You will probably spend longer t
ogether talking. The longer you talk, the more you say. The more you say, the
stronger your relationship will be.
In summary, if you want to establish a relationship with another human bei
ng, the best way is talking face-to-face. When you communicate directly, you c
an avoid misunderstandings that may occur in writing. You can communicate on l
evels other than just words and you can spend more time doing it.
58 PR
Some people like to do only what they already do well. Other people prefe
r to try new things and take risks. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons
and examples to support your choice.
I am not a risk taker. I like to do just those that I am proficient at. I
have learned that it is better to focus my attention, do one thing and do it w
ell, and not try anything new.
When I was younger, I was always experimenting with a lot of different thi
ngs. First I wanted to be a dress designer so I studied drawing. I couldn’t’
t draw so I decided to be a historian. That suited me perfectly since all I ha
d to do was sit in a library and read. I learned to focus my attention on one
subject.
I am a very good reader and history is very interesting to me. I decided n
ot to read any other subject. I only read history books. I even focused my att
ention on Chinese history. I only read history books on Chinese history. I do
one thing and I do it well.
I don’t like to try anything new. If I read things in another area, I don
’t do well. I don’t understand American history or English history. The name
s are confusing and the stories not interesting to me. I don’t want to learn
about anything else. Chinese history is my subject.
I may seem a bit stubborn, but I have learned what makes me happy. I don’
t like to take a risk with new things. I like to focus my attention on one sub
ject, do it well, and not try anything new.
59 EX
Some people believe that success in life comes from taking risk or chance
. Others believe that success results from careful planning. In your opinion,
what does success come from? Use specific reasons and examples to support your
answer.
Nothing ventured. Nothing gained. If our great explorers and scientists di
d not live by this creed, where would we be? I think that we must all take ris
ks in our lives, but these must be calculated risks. Like the great thinkers o
f our time, we must plan carefully, seize all opportunities, and reevaluate ou
r plans.
There is no such thing as a chance occurrence. Columbus in his search for
the Indies drew maps, plotted his route carefully, and set out. Madam Curie wo
rked diligently in her laboratory recording every aspect of her experiments. Y
ou need to have a careful plan so you can measure your success.
Even with a careful plan, changes occur. Columbus was looking for the Indi
es, but ended up in the Caribbean. Lewis and Clark were looking for a river pa
ssage west, but discovered much more. You have to be ready to take advantage o
f new things as they occur.
When things go against plan, you must be ready to change direction. Columb
us didn’t bring back spices from the East Indies, he brought back gold from t
he West Indies. It is important to see the positive side of things. Make your
mistakes work for you.
You will never succeed in life if you don’t take chance. But before you s
tart, you must plan carefully so you are ready to take advantage of every oppo
rtunity and turn mistakes to your advantage.
60 MA
What change would make your hometown more appealing to people your age? U
se specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.
I think that people my age would like to have a place to go after school.
They could go there to socialize, have meetings, and just relax.
In my town, there are a few tea houses, but these are reserved for our fat
hers and their friends. Teenagers do not go there unless it’s to carry messag
e to their fathers. We need a place where we can meet after school to talk abo
ut school and other subjects that interest us.
At our own tea house, we could also have meetings. Those would be like clu
b meetings. We could have a debating society, a poetry reading group, or a pol
itical club. We could meet after school one night a week and have our meetings
.
We need a place where we could just relax away from our family. Our home l
ife is very hectic; there are a lot of younger children making a lot of noise
in the evening. We need a quiet place to study, read the paper, or just sit.
If our town had a tea house reserved for teenagers, it would be good for o
ur parents since they would always know where we were. They would know that we
were just socializing, or meeting, or just relaxing with our friends.
作者:celt 回复日期:2003-07-03 05:36:04
汗汗。楼主当真要贴全155篇?
Long way to go。。。
作者:Cindy520 回复日期:2003-07-05 11:17:36
of course
作者:Cindy520 回复日期:2003-07-05 19:02:13
61 AD Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The most impo
rtant aspect of a job is the money a person earns. Use specific reasons and ex
amples to support your answer.
Yes. Yes. Yes. The most important aspect of a job is the money a person e
arns. When I get a job. I want to earn a lot of money. If I earn a lot of mone
y, people will know I am successful, smart, and a good candidate for marriage.
Money equals success. If I earn a lot of money, I can wear nice clothes,
get a big car, buy my parents a nice apartment, and spend a lot of money on my
friends. Everyone will know I am rich and very successful.
Earning a lot of money will show people how smart I am, Everyone knows yo
u can‘t be stupid and earn a lot of money. Who will trust someone stupid to d
o a job?
When I earn a lot of money, my mother will be able to find me a good wife
. She will be able to tell everyone what an important job I have. It will make
it easy for her to find someone for me since all girls want to marry a rich m
an.
I don‘t care what kind of work I do as long as I earn a lot of money. Th
at‘s the most important thing for me. Having a well paying job will show ever
yone that I am successful, smart, and a good catch!
这篇文章不怎么样,不推荐。
62 AD Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? One should ne
ver judge a person by external appearances. Use specific reasons and details t
o support your answer.
In most cases, one should never judge a person by external appearances. S
ometimes when I walk down the street at night, I avoid people who are acting t
ough and loud, but in general, I prefer to reserve judgment until I get to kno
w someone. Judging someone by external appearance can be deceptive. Judgments
based on external appearances prevent you from getting to know a person reinfo
rce stereotypes, and are superficial and limiting.
In high school, I stayed away from students who were called the "bad stud
ents" because they dressed a certain way. I wanted nothing to do with them. I
later had the chance to meet one of these "bad students" because of our mother
s, we started talking and I realized that we had a lot in common. My impressio
n of him was very different once I got to know him.
If you form an opinion of someone based on stereotypes, you risk never ge
tting to know someone who is different. You may are be missing out on an oppor
tunity to make a good friend. In addition, you are reinforcing that stereotype
by believing it without given the person a chance. If you take the time to ge
t to know the person, you might become friends.
Judging people by external appearance is superficial and often unfair. Af
ter all, you don‘t know what circumstances the person might be facing or who
the person really is. Perhaps the person comes from a less fortunate family th
an you and cannot afford the kind of stylish clothes your friends wear. Howeve
r, that does not mean the person is less intelligent or interesting than you a
re.
People should not be naive about new people they meet, but should take ti
me to get to know them. External appearance often does not tell us anything ab
out a person. Judging someone by their appearance is misleading, reinforces st
ereotypes, and is limiting. Doing so could prevent you from making a true frie
nd.
63 AD Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? A person shou
ld never make an
important decision alone. Use specific reasons and examples to support you
r answer.
A person should never make an important decision alone. Important decisio
ns should be well thought out. People who know you well, know what is best for
you. People close to you can give you good advice, give you a different persp
ective, or share their own experience.
When I had difficulty deciding which classes to take in college, I talked
to my teachers and
advisors. They had the knowledge and expertise to help me determine which
classes were the best ones to take for my future career. Without their advice,
I might have chosen unsuitable courses.
In college, I had convinced myself that I was not good enough to act in t
he school play.
Therefore, I decide not to audition even though drama bad always been my p
assion. The day of the auditions, a friend of mine asked me why I wasn‘t audi
tioning. When I told her I didn‘t feel I was good enough, she was shocked. Sh
e was able to provide me with another perspective on myself and my talents. I
rethought my decision and tried out... and got a lead in the play.
Last year when I was trying to decide whether or not I should study overs
eas, I talked to my
friend. This was the best thing I could have done. This was a big decision
for me because I had never been overseas on my own and I wasn‘t sure I could
do it. She had studied overseas the previous year. She told me about the chal
lenges and opportunities I might encounter and helped me make the right decisi
on. I went and it was amazing!
Whenever I am faced with an important decision, I seek advice from others
so that I am
well-informed and have the benefit of their perspective and experience.
64 A company is going to give some money either to support the arts or to
protect the environment . Which do you think the company should choose? Use sp
ecific reasons and examples to support your answer.
Deciding between supporting the arts and protecting the environment is a
difficult choice to
make, but I think I would choose protecting the environment. Arts help to
maintain our culture and serve as a source of entertainment. However, we need
a healthy environment in order to survive so we must protect it. We need to pr
otect the environment now to help prevent health problems, to maintain the eco
system, and to preserve the Earth for our children.
Pollution from factories and cars can cause damage to the environment. Mo
reover, pollution causes health problems particularly for children and the eld
erly who have weaker immune systems. We need to ensure that there are controls
on the amount of pollution when possible so as to prevent health problems cau
sed by breathing dirty air.
We also need to pay attention to the ecosystem. Trees, plant life, and pe
ople all depend on each other. An unhealthy environment can have harmful effec
ts on the ecosystem. For example, if a plant dies because of changes to the en
vironment and that plant is food for a animal, that animal won‘t have any foo
d. If humans use that animal as a food source, there could be big problems.
If we do not respect our environment now, it will continue to get worse a
nd our children will suffer the consequences. They would not have the same qua
lity of air to breathe or natural beauty to admire. That would be sad.
Without clean air to breathe, a healthy ecosystem, and a future for our c
hildren, the human race would not survive. That‘s why protecting our environm
ent is important. If we have a healthy environment, we have healthy children w
ho will be able to participate and appreciate the arts.
65 PR Some movies are serious designed to make the audience think. Other m
ovies are designed primarily to amuse and entertain. Which type of movie do yo
u prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
Movies have the power to make you laugh, cry, or think about an issue tha
t you might not otherwise think about. Although I sometime watch movies that a
re serious in nature, I prefer movies that amuse and entertain. When I see an
amusing movie it makes me relax, laugh, and keeps me in good spirits.
After a long day at school and work, I need a break and something to take
my mind off of the troubles of the day. I can do that with an entertaining mo
vie. When I watch an amusing movie, I don’t have to think. I just want to sit
back and relax. After a movie, I then feel ready to get back to work on my st
udies.
Amusing movies make people laugh. Laughing is important for the soul. Lau
ghing not only makes people feel good, but also connects people. When people l
augh together, they become friends.
After watching an entertaining movie, which relaxes me and makes me laugh
, I feel good. When I feel good I can focus more on other important things lik
e my studies and work. Being in good spirits makes me feel better about myself
and gives me a positive outlook on life.
While I can appreciate serious movies that make you think, I prefer to be
amused and entertained after a long day of work. Such movies allow me to take
a break from the rigors of life by making me laugh and putting me in a good m
ood.
66 AD Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Business shou
ld do anything they can to make a profit. Use specific reasons and examples to
support your position.
After I get my degree, I plan to start a business. My goal is to make mon
ey, a lot of money. However, I can’t forget that there are more important thi
ngs in life than earning a profit. I must consider the people I work with, the
customers I serve, and the community I live in.
My colleagues are a very important part of my business. Without them, I w
ould not have a business. I depend on them to help me carry on the day-to-day
operations. I depend on them for their advice on what to sell and how to sell
it. I must compensate them for their work. I can’t take large profits without
sharing with the people who made it responsible.
Similarly, I would not have a business without my customers. I can never
forget that they could take their business elsewhere. I must give them good va
lue for their money. I can’t overcharge them. I must also remember that money
is as important to them as it is to me. I want my customers to trust me and k
eep coming back.
My employees and I all live in the same community as our customers. We ar
e apart of the social life of our community. We can’t ignore it. We must play
an active part in it. I feel it is important that some of the profits my busi
ness earns from the community be returned to the community. We need to support
community programs like summer jobs for high school students, campaigns to cl
ean up the parks, and efforts to make the shopping area more attractive.
A business must make profits, but we all—workers, customers, community—
must profit from a successful business.
67 PR Some people are always in hurry to go places and get things done. Ot
her people prefer to take their time and live life at a slower pace. Which do
you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
Life is short. Haste makes waste. What’s your hurry? These three sayings
characterize the way I manage my day to day chores. I don’t want to rush thr
ough things; I prefer to take my time.
Life is short. You never know what may happen tomorrow so it is important
to enjoy today. Of course, some people will say that’s why it is important t
o cram a lot into a day. But then, how would you possibly have time to enjoy a
ll of those experiences. By doing a few things slowly and doing them well, you
can savor the experience.
Haste makes waste. We are not machines. We can’t rush through things mec
hanically. If we do, we might forget something; we might take shortcuts. By ta
king our time, we can do a chore carefully, completely, and correctly.
What’s your hurry? Where’s the fire? I don’t see any need to rush to t
he next experience. There’s still a lot to see and learn form the chores arou
nd you. Taking care of your baby brother for instance can be very rewarding. Y
ou could simply keep him near you while you watch TV and write a letter and ta
lk on the phone. Or you could devote your whole attention to him and observe h
is reactions to his environment. You can observe carefully, If you are trying
to do four things at the same time.
To twist a common saying, “Don’t just do something, sit there!” Take l
ife easy and savor each minute. Life is shorter than you think.
68 PR Some people think governments should spend as much money as possible
exploring outer space (for example, traveling to the Moon and to other planet
s). Other people disagree and think governments should spend this money for ou
r basic needs on Earth. Which of these two opinions do you agree with? Use spe
cific reasons and details to support your answer.
When we see photographs of starving children, it’s hard to say that we s
hould spend billions of dollars on space exploration. But that’s just what we
should do. Children don’t need to be starving, but we do need to explore spa
ce. Right now, we have enough money to feed every person on Earth. Children ar
e starving because of mismanagement of resources and simple human greed. Those
are problems we can solve right here on earth. That shouldn’t stop our need
to find out what’s beyond our own solar system.
We may never make contact with whatever other species there may be out th
ere in space. Even so, there are still two very practical and positive consequ
ences of space exploration. One is a certainty and the other is a possibility.
The certainty is medical research. Yes, we can conduct research here on earth
. But much of the research done in space, for example, on the effects of gravi
ty on bone marrow, is making a difference in medicine here on Earth. When we d
o research in space, we also learn more about space exploration. Also, many of
the inventions that were developed for space travel have been adapted to good
use on Earth.
The possible consequence of space exploration is finding another planet h
uman beings can colonize. Overpopulation is a huge problem on our planet. Peop
le are living longer, more healthful lives, and that’s a good thing. But it m
eans there are fewer people dying and more people being born. Eventually we’l
l have less space, fewer resources, and major distribution problems. If we can
find another planet to live on, we can relieve the problems of overpopulation
on our planet.
It’s a tragedy that there are human beings suffering on Earth. However,
if we wait until everyone has a perfect life, we will never explore space—and
that , too, would be a kind of tragedy.
69 EX People have different ways of escaping the stress and difficulties o
f modern life. Some read; some exercise; others work in their gardens. What do
you think are the best ways of reducing stress? Use specific details and exam
ples to support your answer.
Stress is one of our biggest enemies. It affects our health, our personal
ity, and our relationships with others. In order to get rid of stress. I first
have to identify the cause. I have different antidotes to stress depending on
the cause. The most common types of stress I face are with work, with friends
, and with myself.
Work-related stress is the easiest to combat. I simply stop working for a
while. If I find myself picking up the same piece of paper four times a day a
nd never doing anything with it, I blame stress. The best thing to do is to do
something else. Sometimes, I get up from my desk and go down the hall to talk
to my colleagues, but I don’t talk about work related subjects. Other times,
I will take a short walk around the block and get some fresh air. Work-relate
d stress can be cured by getting away from the work.
Stress caused by friends is more difficult to cure. Often the cause is mo
re complicated. My friends could have a personal problem that causes them and
me both anxiety. Or my friends could be angry at me or vice versa. Here, the c
ure for stress is talking about the problem and being with my friends. Unlike
work, you can’t walk away from your friends.
Stress I cause myself is also not so easy to get rid of. If I feel bother
ed by an exam or anxious about the future, there is very little for me to do.
I just have to tell myself that I can only do my best and leave the rest up to
fate.
It is important to try to lead a stress-free life. If you can avoid stres
s by walking away form it (like at work), talking through it (like with your f
riends) or facing it head on (like with yourself), your health, personality an
d relationships will benefit.
70 AD Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Teachers shou
ld be paid according to how much their students learn. Give specific reasons a
nd examples to support your opinion.
Some communities have decided to base evaluations of teachers on students
’ test scores. It’s these evaluations that determine how much teachers will
be paid. I don’t think this is a very good idea for several reasons.
First of all, if teachers’ salaries are going to be based on how much st
udents learn, then some teachers will start to teach their students only what
they need to get high test scores. This means that students will miss out on a
lot of education that can’t be measured on a test.
For instance, one of the best methods to help students understand a subje
ct is encouraging them to discuss it. A common practice is to divide the class
into groups, have each group discuss the subject, and then have them report b
ack to the whole class. This kind of shared learning can lead to a fuller unde
rstanding. It also teaches students how to discuss and debate ideas. However,
it doesn’t supply facts to show off on a test.
Another problem with basing teachers’ salaries on how much their student
s learn is that teachers may ignore students who have learning difficulties. S
ome students learn more slowly than others and need more personal attention. I
f a teacher is worried about tests, he may feel he has to push the majority of
the students to cram facts. That effort will take all his time. He won’t be
able to help the less able students.
It’s true there are teachers who “burn out” after many years teaching
and just don’t care how much their students learn. Basing their salaries on t
heir students’ test scores may improve their efforts. However, it’s not fair
for the majority of teachers. They deserve and need to be judged by other cri
teria.
作者:Cindy520 回复日期:2003-07-05 19:03:51
71 MA If you were asked to send one thing representing your country to an
international exhibition, what would you choose? Why? Use specific reasons and
details to explain your choice.
If I were asked to send one thing representing my country to an internati
onal exhibition. I’d send something unexpected: one week’s worth of televisi
on programming. These programs would best represent my county. They show how t
he citizens of my country live and what they think and feel.
The dramas on television are very realistic. They show how people in diff
erent parts of the country go about their daily lives. They show how they earn
their livings, how they deal with crime, and how they interact with each othe
r. The dramas also show how people in various economic groups dress, what kind
s of houses they live in, and what kinds of education their children receive.
The comedies indicate what people in my country think is funny. Even thou
gh the situations are exaggerated, they reflect how my culture deals with very
basic human situations. People everywhere understand falling in love, raising
a family, and earning a living.
The documentaries show what issues we’re concerned about and how we want
to resolve them. Some documentaries tell stories from our history. Others loo
k into the future. They speculate on how we’ll function as a country in the n
ew millennium. Still others examine our political system, its failures and its
successes.
The sports programs show what we think about winning and losing. They dem
onstrate how we feel about fairness. Some of the wealthiest people in our coun
try are the athletes we watch playing professional sports. This, also, is a re
flection of our values.
Television is a common cultural experience in my country. It reflects my
country’s unique personality. I think it would be the perfect way to show wha
t my county is like.
72 PR You have been told that dormitory rooms at your university must be s
hared by two students. Would you rather have the university assign a student t
o share a room with you, or would you rather choose your own roommate? Use spe
cific reasons and details to explain your answer.
I’d rather have the university assign a roommate to share a room with me
. As far as I’m concerned, this is part of the university experience. Student
s should meet new people and be open to new experiences. I like leaving this u
p to chance.
Actually, even though the university will choose, it’s not totally a mat
ter of chance. We all filled out information sheets. The school knows what we’
re majoring in, what our interests are, and our study habits and our goals. I
think they’re probably very good at matching roommates using this information
. They’ve had a lot of practice. Besides, if a mistake is made, I can change
my room assignment next semester.
If I did want to choose my own roommate, I’d first pick some candidates
from the list supplied by the university. Then I’d write to them and they’d
write back. Through our letters, we’d find out if we shared common interests,
such as sports or movies. More importantly, we’d find out if we like doing t
he same things in our free time. Because my investigation, I’d probably get s
omeone compatible with me. It’s a lot of work to go through, though. Besides,
the process of finding similar interests isn’t all that different from what
the university does.
Trying to predict whom I’m going to get along with is not a science. I m
ight choose someone who sounds just like me and still find that the two of us
just don’t get along as roommates. Besides, I think it would be boring to roo
m with somebody who’s just the same as me. I’d rather be with someone who ha
s different interests and likes to do different things. Maybe I’d even get a
roommate from another culture. After all, one of the reasons I’m going to the
university is to be exposed to a lot of new experiences. So, I’d rather have
the university choose my roommate for me.
73 PR Some people think that governments should spend as much money as pos
sible on developing or buying computer technology. Other people disagree and t
hink that this money should be spent on more basic needs. Which one of these o
pinions do you agree with? Use specific reasons and details to support your an
swer.
I realize that it’s important to stay up to date with our technology. So
much, like our space and defense programs, depends on it. I’ve also read tha
t we shouldn’t let other governments get ahead of ours in the race for better
technology. This could eventually put us at a disadvantage and our whole econ
omy could suffer. Despite all this, I think our government should spend our ta
x dollars on more basic items before it gets into the business of developing c
omputer technology.
We have so many problems in our society, and it seems every solution need
s money. For instance, we talk about getting people off welfare. To do that we
need money to give them jobs until they can support themselves. That means su
pport training, day care for their children, and probably a monthly rent subsi
dy. All of those things can cost hundreds of millions of dollars. However, if
we could solve a major problem like, wouldn’t it improve our society even mor
e than new technology?
Another problem is that our transportation system is falling apart. Bridg
es have cracks in them. Highways buckle. Accidents happen because of these pro
blems. We shouldn’t put money into improving a computer chip when we have bas
ic needs like these.
Besides, Why should the government be in the business of developing techn
ology? Aren’t there several very successful corporations doing just that? Yes
, it’s probably less the expensive in the long run for the government to deve
lop the technology. Nevertheless, in the short run, there are basic needs in o
ur society that aren’t being met. I think that’s where the money should go.
74 PR Some people like doing work by hand. Others prefer using machines. W
hich do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
Here’s the problem. I’m sloppy. That’s why I like to use machines to d
o my work rather than do things by hand. Machines can be creative, precise, an
d efficient.
Most people think that you can only be creative if you do things by hand.
However, it takes creativity to set the machine up. Once it’s set up, it can
repeat the same task over and over and over perfectly. If you want to write te
n letters, you can set up your word processor to do it, press a button, and te
n letters will be printed. It would take me forever by hand, and I would make
a lot of mistakes. By hand, each letter would be different. By machine, each o
ne is perfect.
Machines are very precise. They don’t get tired and cut the wrong way. Th
ey don’t get distracted and drop some mustard on the paper. As I said, I’m s
loppy, but like neatness. That’s why I prefer to use machines.
Machines are also more efficient. I’m too tired to pick up the phone and
see who is calling me. My answering machine isn’t tired. It’s always on duty
. It doesn’t get tired, upset, or moody.
I can depend on my machines, but I can’t always depend on my hand to be c
reative, precise, or efficient.
75 AD Schools should ask students to evaluate their teachers. Do you agree
or disagree? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
I think it’s a good idea for schools to ask students to evaluate their te
achers. This informs teachers of how students react both to their teaching met
hods and to them as individuals. Teachers can weigh the criticisms and change
what they think needs to be changed. Praise from students is also valuable. It
can reinforce teachers’ opinions about how they’re teaching and give them c
onfidence.
It’s also helpful for school administrators to hear what students think a
bout their teachers. It keeps administrators in touch with what’s going on in
the school. It also gives them some idea of which teachers effectively reach
the students. However, good administrators know that student evaluations need
to be reviewed with a keen eye for prejudice and adolescent attitudes. After a
ll, and evaluation is a good way for students to get back at teachers who expe
ct more of them than they want to give.
Evaluating teachers is also a good exercise for the students. They have to
organize their thoughts about what they think of their teachers. In that way,
they pinpoint for themselves what they expect of those teachers. They begin t
o understand what they value in a teacher and what is phony or useless. Evalua
ting their teachers is also a way for students to think about how they would e
valuate themselves. Are they working as hard as they should in class? Is that
why their teachers are sometimes critical of their work? Isn’t that what a te
acher should do—push us to try harder? Thinking about these things can help s
tudents do better in class. At the very least, they will understand better wha
t is expected of them.
Student evaluations of teachers also make students feel as if they have a
voice in what happens in their schools. It makes them feel as if they’re part
of the education process when their opinion is valued by the administration.
Finally, it teaches them responsibility.
76 EX In your opinion, what is the most important characteristic (for exam
ple, honesty, intelligence, a sense of humor) that a person can have to succes
sful in life? Use specific reasons and examples from your experience to explai
n your answer. When you write your answer, you are not limited to the examples
listed in the prompt.
Although honesty, intelligence, and a sense of humor are all worthwhile ch
aracteristics, I feel the most important one in life to have is sensitivity. A
sensitive person is aware of him/herself and the way their actions affect oth
ers. A sensitive person knows the place of honesty, intelligence, and a sense
of humor.
Honesty is not always the best policy. There is such a thing as a white li
e. You don’t want to insult someone by saying that their new dress doesn’t f
it properly or that you wouldn’t live in their new house if they paid you. Yo
u must be sensitive to when it is necessary to tell the truth and when it is b
etter to tell a white lie.
Intelligence is a wonderful thing to have, but not all intelligent people
use their intelligence sensitively. You don’t want to show off and make other
s feel stupid. You must be sensitive to the reactions of the people around you
. It might be appropriate for you to admit that you have the right answer, but
in some cases, you might have to say, “I think this is the answer, but we mi
ght want to check it.” A sensitive person would not make someone else look du
mb.
A sense of humor is always valued. Different people, however, laugh at dif
ferent things. You don’t want to make someone feel uncomfortable by laughing
at his /her mistakes. A sensitive person would understand whether a person cou
ld be teased or whether a person would appreciate a certain joke.
A sensitive person would make everyone feel comfortable. A sensitive perso
n understands that people are different and that the values of honesty, intell
igence and humor can be applied differently.
77 PR It is generally agreed that society benefits from the work of its me
mbers. Compare the contributions of artists to society with the contributions
of scientists to society. Which type of contribution do you think is valued mo
re by your society? Give specific reasons to support your answer.
Artists and scientists both make valuable contributions to our society. It
may seem sometimes that artists are more valued. That’s because those artist
s who are famous make a lot of money. However, they are relatively few. The fa
ct is that scientists are more valued. They get more respect from society for
the work they do.
Artists reflect their times and their culture. A painter or a writer shows
us in pictures and words what we’re like as a people. They record our cultur
e for future generations. Actors and other performers, like singers and dancer
s, entertain us. They take our minds off our troubles, and remind us how beaut
iful and exciting our imaginations can be. Artists also help keep their societ
ies mentally and emotionally healthy. For example, children that participate i
n the arts, such as painting or music, in school do better in their other stud
ies. Art of all types is necessary to the human spirit.
The contributions scientists make to society are more obvious. They includ
e the cars we drive, the computers we use at home and at work, and the applian
ces that help us cook our meals and clean our houses. All of these come from t
he ideas and hard work of scientists. Because of scientific discoveries, we’r
e living longer and more healthful lives. Scientists also contribute to the ar
ts. Movies are the result of science. So are television, radio, and the record
ing of music on CDs.
Generally, scientists don’t make as much money as famous artists like fil
m stars, opera singers or successful painters. However, our society gives them
more respect, and they generally make a good living. Scientists are considere
d to be serious professionals, while artists are sometimes viewed as flaky, ir
responsible people. So overall, I’d have to conclude that we value scientists
more.
78 PR Students at universities often have a choice of places to live. They
may choose to live in university dormitories, or they may choose to live apar
tments in the community. Compare the advantages of living in university housin
g with the advantages of living in an apartment in the community. Where would
you prefer to live? Give reasons for your preference.
I think it’s better for college students to live on-campus their first tw
o years, and then move into an apartment off-campus life, while juniors and se
niors need the independence of off-campus life. Students’ needs change over f
our years, so their housing should too.
Living on-campus makes it easier to get oriented to the way things are don
e. You get the whole university experience. Plus, you interact more with other
students. This includes not only your roommates, but everyone in your dormito
ry. The older students in the dormitory can be a big help for the new students
. Keeping up with studies your first year is hard enough. You shouldn’t have
to worry about finding your way around and figuring out the university bureauc
racy.
Living in the dormitory also makes a student feel more a part of the unive
rsity community. There are more opportunities for becoming involved in univers
ity activities and networking with students and university administration.
Living off-campus, however, is a definite advantage for older students. Fi
nding an apartment, dealing with leases and the landlord’s regulations, cooki
ng meals, and figuring out budgets are all good practice for life after gradua
tion. This kind of independence helps older students grow in adulthood.
Off-campus housing also gives students a better perspective on what’s goi
ng on around them. Campuses can be like little worlds of their own. There are
few children or older people and everyone is focused on education. Getting to
know neighbors who aren’t students is good for students coming from different
places. It’s a chance to find out what other people think and feel.
I think a combination of two years on-campus and two years off-campus is a
winning combination for most students.
79 PR You need to travel from your home to a place 40 miles (64 kilometers
) away. Compare the different kinds of transportation you could use. Tell whic
h method of travel you would choose. Give specific reasons for your choice.
Choosing the Best Transportation
There are many different types of transportation which I could use to trav
el 40 miles from my home. The type of transportation I would choose depends ma
inly on how fast I need to get there and how much money I have. Some possibili
ties are walking, horseback riding, driving, or using a taxi, bus, or train.
The most economical choice is walking. It costs nothing, is healthful, but
it is time consuming. The average person can walk about 4-5 miles per hour, s
o this trip would take at least 10 hours to complete. That means I would proba
bly have to spend the night somewhere along the way. If I have to spend money
for a hotel, then this choice really isn’t free. Plus, I might arrive at the
end tired and with sore feet! After walking comes animal transportation. In my
area, horses are not common, so it wouldn’t be a likely choice. I believe th
at a 40-mile trip would take 2 or 3 hours on a horse. If I had free access to
a horse, the cost would be minimal. Of course, I’d have to know how to ride!
With a car, the travel time is minimal (under one hour), with only the cos
t of gasoline to consider. However, I don’t own a car, and car rentals are ex
pensive. Shared taxis are one form of affordable transportation, with 4 or 5 p
eople sharing the cost of a car trip to a common destination. The only downsid
e is finding people to share the fare with me. Fortunately, I live in an urban
area, where there are buses and trains to ride. One of these would be my firs
t choice.
In short, the kind of transportation depends on how fast I need to get to
my destination and how much money I have. If I need to get there first, and mo
ney isn’t important, I can hire a private taxi. Since I don’t own my own car
. I don’t have that option, and I have never walked 40 miles ins one trip. I
usually depend on the bus and trains, and would do so in this circumstance. Th
ey are cheap, dependable and reliable.
80 PR Some people believe that a college or university education should be
available to all students. Others believe that higher education should be ava
ilable only to good students. Discuss these views. Which view do you agree wit
h? Explain why.
Both good and bad students should have the opportunity to attend college.
Everyone should have a period to learn about themselves before they begin to w
ork and earn money. An education is an investment in yourself and in your futu
re. Good or bad, a student must decide to invest real money and real time.
Higher education is very expensive. It might seem like a waste of money to
send someone to college who might not be able to handle the course work. Stil
l, education is a valuable investment in future career earnings. People with c
ollege degrees make more money and have more opportunities later. If people ha
ve a desire to improve their lives, do we have the right to say no?
Higher education is also a big investment of time. Some people think a wea
k student should get a job and earn some money. They think poor students shoul
dn’t waste their time at college. But college is a time to meet different peo
ple, separate from your parents, and begin to define yourself as a person. I t
hink that’s an experience every student should have.
I think every student should be given a chance to see how far she can go.
Students who got poor grades in high school might do very well in a different
environment. College may be expensive and take time, but it’s an investment i
n one’s self and one’s future.
81 PR Some people believe that the best way of learning about life is by l
istening to the advice of family and friends. Other people believe that the be
st way of learning about life is through personal experience. Compare the adva
ntages of these two different ways of learning about life. Which do you think
is preferable? Use specific examples to support your preference.
Both learning through personal experience and learning through the advice
of others can help you in life. If you don’t have a lot of knowledge about so
mething, the advice of people you trust can be very valuable. They can tell yo
u about their own experiences, and about the advantages and disadvantages of a
situation. Then you can consider your own wants and needs and decide what you
should do. Pretty soon, you’ll have more experience of your own.
When you’re thinking about what you want to do with your life, friends an
d relatives are a great resource. They can give you information about things l
ike jobs, school, volunteering, and traveling to other parts of the world. The
y’ve done a lot of learning in their lives, and you can use it to decide what
you want to do with yours.
In some cases, there’s no real substitute for personal experience. For ex
ample, I really don’t like to make presentations in class. I know I’ll make
mistakes, even if I’m thoroughly prepared and know all about my topic. Nothin
g but experience can help me
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82
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don’t have time for formal language classes. Their first priority is gett
ing a job. Sometimes they work with people from their own country, and they do
n’t have to use the new language. Or they may find a job that doesn’t requir
e much speaking at all. This means even if they’re trying to learn the langua
ge, they don’t have a lot of opportunities to practice it.
Another way of adapting to the customs of a new country has to do with how
family members interact. Different countries have different ideas about how f
amily members should relate to each other. Sometimes the adults will oppose ch
anging what was normal in their native country. This can be a difficult adjust
ment to make, especially if their children are visiting new friends at home an
d seeing how different things are in the new country.
I believe that people who want to make their home in a new country need to
find a balance. They should keep the best of their native culture and adopt t
he good things they find in their new country.
83 PR Some people prefer to spend most of their time alone. Others like to
be with friends of the time. Do you prefer to spend your time alone or with f
riends? Use specific reasons to support your answer.
If I had to choose between spending time alone or spending time with my fr
iends, I’d rather be alone. I need this time alone to “recharge my batteries
,” to re-energize my mind and spirit. Being with friends can be fun and can h
elp you get through the rough spots in life, but it’s the time alone, I think
, that forms you as a person.
When I’m alone, I have time to think about my goals and to develop a stra
tegy to reach them. Of course, I can think about these things when I’m with o
thers, but it’s harder to concentrate in a crowd. Being alone gives me the qu
iet time to really think about my life and what I want to do with it.
Being by myself is also a good way to listen to the silence and relax comp
letely. When I’m alone I can practice meditation and lower my stress level. T
hat’s a very good way to sharpen my powers of concentration. Too much time wi
th friends means filling my mind with a lot of chitchats. That’s enjoyable fo
r a moment, but can dull my concentration.
Being with other people can also distort my view of things. It’s easy som
etimes to become too worried about what other people think of me, or what othe
r people have that I don’t. When I’m alone I have time to step back. I can s
ee the real value of things, without being influenced by the opinions of my fr
iends.
It’s natural to want to be with other people, but I find the time I spend
alone is more valuable to me in the long run.
84 PR Some people prefer to spend time with one or two close friends. Othe
rs choose to spend time with a large number of friends. Compare the advantage
of each choice. Which of these two ways of spending time do you prefer? Use sp
ecific reasons to support your answer.
We all need to have friends, and I think the more friends we have the bett
er. Friendship helps us learn how to trust others, what to expect from others,
and how to profit from experiences. I want to have a lot of friends around me
so I can learn more about myself from different people.
I want to have people around me that I trust and that I can depend on. We
all need friends, both in times of trouble and in times of happiness. If I onl
y have a few friends, it is possible that they might not be available if I nee
d them. If I have a lot of friends, it is more likely that they will be able t
o share my troubles or my good fortune.
I want to have people around me that surprise me. If I have just one or tw
o friends, I know what to expect from them. I know how they will react. If I h
ave a lot of friends around me, I will always be surprised. Each will have a d
ifferent way of reacting to a situation. Observing this reaction and respondin
g to it will teach me how to deal with strangers whom I might meet.
I want to have people around me that can teach me something about life. If
I only have a couple of friends, I will know everything about them very quick
ly. If I have hundreds of friends, think what I will learn. Each day they’ll
teach me something new and show me a new way of thinking about something.
I have a lot to learn in life, so I want as many people as possible to hel
p me. I want a lot of friends to show me how to have a good time. I’ll do the
same for them.
85 PR Some people think that children should begin their formal education
at a very early age and should spend most of their time on school studies. Oth
ers believe that young children should spend most of their time playing. Compa
re these two views. Which view do you agree with? Why?
Should children play more or study more? The question is what will be bett
er for the child. There are benefits to both activities, but the answer depend
s on the details of the situation.
There are many things that could affect the outcome of the argument. What
kind of a school is it? It could be a school where children sit at their desks
all day long memorizing dates and facts. Or it could be a school where the te
acher helps the children learn what they want to learn. I think the second kin
d is a lot better for a child than the first kind.
Similarly, what kind of play are we talking about? The child could be alon
e all day long watching television, which could make him or her bored and lone
ly. Or the child could be involved in group activities with neighborhood child
ren of the same age, which could help him or her learn how to get along with o
thers.
I think both study and play are valuable, so I would prefer to send my chi
ld to a school where there is a combination. I think a variety of activities m
akes learning easier for anyone at any age.
86 PR The government has announced that it plans to build a new university
. Some people think that your community would be a good place to locate the un
iversity. Compare the advantages and disadvantages of establishing a new unive
rsity in your community. Use specific details in your discussion.
The first advantage of having a new university built in my community would
be the jobs it would bring to the community. Initially, the jobs would be tho
se connected with the actual building of the university structures, such as br
ick layers and carpenters. Once the building were completed, the jobs would be
those on the campus itself. Those would include teachers, office workers, cus
todians, and librarians.
Not all of the people the university hired would already be members of the
community, so that would mean a lot of new people coming to town. Of course,
a lot of students would come too. Two advantages of new people in town would b
e more taxpayers and a more diverse population. With more people paying taxes,
there would be more money for schools, libraries and other community needs. W
ith a more diverse population, there would be new stores, new restaurants (to
serve different tastes) and new cultural influences.
Of course, there would also be disadvantages. More people living in the co
mmunity could mean more houses being built. There would be more traffic on the
streets, with the combination of new residents and students who bring their c
ars. Plus, more people would mean more public services would be needed. These
services could include everything from trash collection to more schools to hol
d all the children of the new residents. New services might mean local taxes w
ould have to go up, even though there would be more taxpayers.
Another disadvantage is that the personality of our community would change
. It would go from being a place where everybody knows everybody else to a pla
ce where a lot of people are strangers. It would become a place with a lot of
short-term residents, like the university students, who might not care as much
about the town.
Communities always change over time, though, and overall I like the atmosp
here of a “college town.” A new university would bring a lot of challenges,
but I think it would be worth it.
87 PR Some people think that the family is the most important influence on
young adults. Other people think that friends are the most important influenc
e on young adults. Which view do you agree with? Use examples to support your
position.
Although friends make an impression on your life, they do not have the sam
e influence that your family has. Nothing is as important to me as my family.
From them, I learned everything that is important. I learned about trust, ambi
tion, and love.
Your family is with you forever. They are not going to leave you because t
hey find another daughter they like better. They are not going to leave you be
cause they think you are too much trouble. A family is permanent, while friend
s come and go.
Your parents are your role models. They will encourage you to do your best
, to push yourself, and to improve yourself. Friends want you to stay the same
: they don’t want you to be different. A family is ambitious for you. Friends
are not.
Your family teaches you about love. A family’s love is not judgmental. Th
ey love you for everything you are. Friends may love you because you have a ne
w car or because you go out with them on Saturdays. A family loves you. Friend
s only like you.
Without my family, I wouldn’t know what to do. I wouldn’t feel as secure
. I might not have the ambition to go to school. I probably would be afraid to
love. My family is my greatest influence.
88 PR Some people prefer to plan activities for their free time very caref
ully. Others choose not to make any plans at all for their free time. Compare
the benefits of planning free-time activities with the benefits of not making
plans. Which do you prefer―planning or not planning for your leisure time? Us
e specific reasons and examples to explain your choice.
I think that free time is a precious thing for most of us. When we’re wor
king hard, it’s nice to imagine what we’ll do when the weekend comes. We jug
gle one idea with another, trying to decide what best suits our budget and the
amount of time we have. After all, anticipating free time is part of the plea
sure.
It’s good to plan what we’re going to do with our free time. That way we
won’t waste any of it trying to decide. It’s so easy to just sit around and
think about this or that activity. Before we know it, half the day is gone. I
f we decide ahead of time, We can get started in plenty of time, and we can ge
t the most benefit out of the time we have. For instance, if we’re going on a
picnic, we can get all our supplies ready to go. Or if we’re going to a movi
e, we can find out the time and how long it’ll take us to get there. Also, if
we plan what we’re going to do with our free time, we can invite others to j
oin us. If we wait until the last minute, our friends may have other plans.
On the other hand, it’s also fun sometimes to do things without a plan. W
e can just leave the house and walk around and see what catches our attention.
Often, this is how we discover places we never knew existed. We might end up
doing something we never thought we’d try. We might just happen to find ourse
lves outside a new bookstore or a bowling alley and go in on a whim, because w
e have some free time.
It’s nice if we can have the best of both worlds. We can plan our free ti
me activities for one day of the weekend, and let the other day plan itself. T
his way our free time also gives us the enjoyment of having it both ways.
89 PR People learn in different ways. Some people learn by doing things; o
ther people learn by reading about things; others learn by listening to people
talk about things. Which of these methods of learning is best for you? Use sp
ecific examples to support your choice.
The effectiveness of a learning method varies from person to person and al
so from activity to activity. Learning by doing, learning by reading, and lear
ning by listening all have the transfer of information as their goal, but the
information is transferred in very different ways in each case. Each has its b
enefits. In my own opinion, learning by doing is the method that works best fo
r me.
Learning by doing works because it gives a learner first-hand experience.
Other methods are more passive; you’re either listening to a conversation or
trying to pay attention to words on a page. However, learning by doing means a
ctually participating in the activity. Can you imagine learning how to play a
musical instrument form a book? As the saying goes, practice makes perfect. Fr
ankly, I can’t think of a way that better ensures one has truly learned than
by seeing and doing.
In contrast, reading makes learning less easy to visualize. Not only that,
learning by reading often requires extra research, such as looking up unfamil
iar words. Also, you might not be a good reader, or you might be learning in a
second language. If so, you might find it hard to concentrate or become frust
rated by the slow pace. So while reading is fun and useful for many people, fo
r others it may not be the best way.
Learning by listening can be enjoyable. Lively debate is interesting, and
interesting things are usually easier to learn about. Plus, unlike reading, yo
u can ask questions if you don’t understand. However, as with reading, it is
all too easy to become a passive listener and not truly learn anything. If you
get bored, you might even fall asleep while you’re listening! When you’re a
ctively participating in something, you’re more likely to stay alert.
Overall, when it comes to learning. I believe that nothing substitutes for
the first band experience that physically doing an activity provides.
90 PR Some people choose friends who are different form themselves. Others
choose friends who are similar to themselves. Compare the advantages of havin
g friends who are different from you with the advantages of having friends who
are similar to you. Which kind of friend do you prefer for yourself? Why?
There are a lot of advantages to having friends who are different from you
. For one thing, they’ll give you a different way of looking at the world,. F
riends who are different can introduce you to foods, music, politics, and book
s you’ve never tried before. If you’re a spontaneous kind of person, someone
who is more scheduled can help you get better organized. You, on the other ha
nd, can help them loosen up a little bit, and do things more on the spur of th
e moment.
Someone who is different from you won’t have the same reaction to situati
ons. This can be a big help. If you’re the kind of person who gets very impat
ient waiting for your meal in a restaurant, it helps to have someone calm with
you. Your friend can help you keep your temper. If you’re a little timid abo
ut standing up for yourself, a more assertive friend can help you develop a li
ttle more self-respect.
However, there can also be advantages to having friends who are similar to
you. You usually enjoy doing the same things, so you don’t have to argue abo
ut what you want to do. Sometimes it’s fun experiencing new things. Other tim
es, it’s more fun doing what you know you’ll enjoy.
All things considered, I think I’d like to have a lot of acquaintances wh
o are different and a few close friends who are similar to me. That seems the
best of both worlds.
--
where is my first love?
i am eager to grab you
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