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发信人: bhfbao (嗖嗖与嗖嗖), 信区: SFworld
标 题: Contact I-3
发信站: 哈工大紫丁香 (Wed Feb 2 15:22:37 2000), 转信
发信人: isabel (伊莎贝尔~戒网中), 信区: SFworld
发信站: BBS 水木清华站 (Thu Jan 27 00:46:20 2000)
发信人: Sandoval (Companion Protector), 信区: SciFiction
标 题: Contact Part I - 3
发信站: The unknown SPACE (Tue Jan 25 01:01:00 2000) WWW-POST
CHAPTER 3
White Noise
Heard melodies are sweet, but those unheard
Are sweeter.
-John Keats
"Ode on a Grecian Urn" (1820)
The cruelest lies are often told in silence.
-Robert Louis Stevenson
Virginibus Puerisque (1881)
The pulses had been journeying for years through the great
dark between the stars. Occasionally, they would intercept
an irregular cloud of gas and dust, and a little of the
energy would be absorbed or scattered. The remainder
continued in the original direction. Ahead of them was a
faint yellow glow, slowly increasing in brightness among the
other unvarying lights. Now, although to human eyes it would
still be a point, it was by far the brightest object in the
black sky. The pulses were encountering a horde of giant
snowballs.
Entering the Argus administration building was a willowy
woman in her late thirties. Her eyes, large and set far
apart, served to soften the angular bone structure of her
face. Her long dark hair was loosely gathered by a tortoise
barrette at the nape of her neck. Casually dressed in a knit
T-shirt and khaki skirt, she strolled along a hallway on the
first floor and entered a door marked "E. Arroway,
Director." As she removed her thumb from the fingerprint
deadlock, and observer might have noticed a ring on her
right hand with an oddly milky red stone unprofessionally
set in it. Turning on a desk lamp, she rummaged through a
drawer, finally producing a pair of earphones. Briefly
illuminated on the wall beside her desk was a quotation from
the Parables of Franz Kafka:
Now the Sirens have a still more fatal
weapon
than their song, namely their
silence...
Someone might possibly have escaped from
their singing;
but from their silence, certainly never.
Extinguishing the light with a wave of her hand, she made
for the door in the semidarkness.
In the control room she quickly reassured herself
that all was in order. Through the window she could see a
few of the 131 radio telescopes that stretched for tens of
kilometers across the New Mexico scrub desert like some
strange species of mechanical flower straining toward the
sky. It was early afternoon and she had been up late the
night before. Radio astronomy can be performed during
daylight, because the air does not scatter radio waves from
the Sun as it does ordinary visible light. To a radio
telescope pointing anywhere but very close to the Sun, the
sky is pitch black. Except for the radio sources.
Beyond the Earth's atmosphere, on the other side of
the sky, is a universe teeming with radio emission. By
studying radio waves you can learn about planets and stars
and galaxies, about the composition of great clouds of
organic molecules that drift between the stars, about the
origin and evolution and fate of the universe. But all these
radio emissions are natural-caused by physical processes,
electrons spiraling in the galactic magnetic field, or
interstellar molecules colliding with one another, or the
remote echoes of the Big Bang red-shifted from gamma rays at
the origin of the universe to the tame and chill radio waves
that fill all of space in our epoch.
In the scant few decades in which humans have
pursued radio astronomy, there has never been a real signal
from the depths of space, something manufactured, something
artificial, something contrived by an alien mind. There have
been false alarms. The regular time variation of the radio
emission from quasars and, especially, pulsars had at first
been thought, tentatively, tremulously, to be a kind of
announcement signal from someone else, or perhaps a radio
navigation beacon for exotic ship that plied the spaces
between the stars. But they had turned out to be something
else-equally exotic, perhaps, as a signal from beings in the
night sky. Quasars seemed to be stupendous sources of
energy, perhaps connected with massive black holes at the
centers of galaxies, many of them observed more than halfway
back in time to the origin of the universe. Pulsars are
rapidly spinning atomic nuclei the size of a city. And there
had been other rich and mysterious messages that had turned
out to be intelligent after a fashion but not very
extraterrestrial. The skies were now peppered with secret
military radar systems and radio communication satellites
that were beyond the entreaty of a few civilian radio
astronomers. Sometimes they were real outlaws, ignoring
international telecommunications agreements. There were no
recourses and no penalties. Occasionally, all nations denied
responsibility. But there had never been a clear-cut alien
signal.
And yet the origin of life now seemed to be so
easy-and there were so many planetary systems, so many
worlds and so many billions of years available for
biological evolution-that it was hard to believe the Galaxy
was not teeming with life and intelligence. Project Argus
was the largest facility in the world dedicated to the radio
search for extraterrestrial intelligence. Radio waves
traveled with the speed of light, faster than which nothing,
it seemed, could go. They were easy to generate and easy to
detect. Even very backward technological civilizations, like
that on Earth, would stumble on radio early in their
exploration of the physical world. Even with the rudimentary
radio technology available-now, only a few decades after the
invention of the radio telescope-it was nearly possible to
communicate with an identical civilization at the center of
the Galaxy. But there were so many places in the sky to
examine, and so many frequencies on which an alien
civilization might be broadcasting, that it required a
systematic and patent observing program. Argus had been in
full operation for more than four years. There had been
glitches, bogeys, intimations, false alarms. But no message.
"Afternoon, Dr. Arroway."
The lone engineer smiled pleasantly at her, and she
nodded back. All 131 telescopes of Project Argus were
controlled by computers. The system slowly scanned the sky
on its own, checking that there were no mechanical or
electronic breakdowns, comparing the data from different
elements of the array of telescopes. She glanced at the
billion-channel analyzer, a bank of electronics covering a
whole wall, and at the visual display of the spectrometer.
There was not really very much for the astronomers
and technicians to do as the telescope array over the years
slowly scanned the sky. If it detected something of
interest, it would automatically sound an alarm, altering
project scientists in their beds at night if need be. Then
Arroway would go into high gear to determine if this one was
an instrumental failure or some American or Soviet space
bogey. Together with the engineering staff, she would devise
ways of improving the sensitivity of the equipment. Was
there any pattern, any regularity in the emission? She would
delegate some of the radio telescopes to examine exotic
astronomical objects that had been recently detected by
other observatories. She would help staff members and
visitors with projects unrelated to SETI. She would fly to
Washington to keep interest high at the funding agency, the
National Science Foundation. She would give a few public
talks on Project Argus-at the Rotary Club in Socorro or the
University of New Mexico in Albuquerque-and occasionally
greet an enterprising reporter who would arrive, sometimes
unannounced, in remotest New Mexico.
Ellie had to take care that the tedium did not
engulf her. Her co-workers were pleasant enough, but-even
apart from the improperiety of a close personal relationship
with a nominal subordinate-she did not find herself tempted
into any real intimacies. There had been a few brief, torrid
but fundamentally casual relationships with local men
unconnected with the Argus project. In this area of her
life, too, a kind of ennui, a lassitude, had settled over
her.
She sat down before one of the consoles and plugged
in the earphones. It was futile, she knew, a conceit, to
think that she, listening on one or two channels, would
detect a pattern when the vast computer system monitoring a
billion channels had not. But it gave her a modest illusion
of utility. She leaned back, eyes half closed, an almost
dreamy expression enveloping the contours of her face. She's
really quite lovely, the technician permitted himself to
think.
She heard, as always, a kind of static, a continuous
echoing random noise. Once, when listening to a part of the
sky that included the star AC + 79 3888 in Cassiopeia, she
felt she heard a kind of singing, fading tantalizingly in
and out, lying just beyond her ability to convince herself
that there was something really there. This was the star
toward which the Voyager 1 spacecraft, now in the vicinity
of the obit of Neptune, would ultimately travel. The
spacecraft carried a golden phonograph record on which were
impressed greetings, pictures, and songs from Earth. Could
they be sending us their music at the speed of light, while
we are sending ours to them only one ten-thousandth as fast?
At other times, like now, when the static was clearly
patternless, she would remind herself of Shannon's famous
dictum in information theory, that the most efficiently
coded message was indistinguishable from noise, unless you
had the key to the encoding beforehand. Rapidly she pressed
a few keys on the console before her and played two of the
narrow-band frequencies against each other, on in each
earphone. Nothing. She listened to the two planes of
polarization of the radio waves, and then to the contrast
between linear and circular polarization. There were a
billion channels to choose from. You could spend your life
trying to outguess the computer, listening with pathetically
limited human ears and brains, seeking a pattern.
Humans are good, she knew, at discerning subtle
patterns that are really there, but equally so at imagining
them when they are altogether absent. There would be some
sequence of pulses, some configuration of the static, that
would for an instant give a syncopated beat or a brief
melody. She switched to a pair of radio telescopes that were
listening to a known galactic radio source. She heard a
glissando down the radio frequencies, a "whistler" due to
the scattering of radio waves by electrons in the tenuous
interstellar gas between the radio source and the Earth. The
more pronounced the glissando, the more electrons were in
the way, and the further the source was from the Earth. She
had done this so often that she was able, just from hearing
a radio whistler for the first time, to make an accurate
judgment of its distance. This one, she estimated, was about
a thousand light-years away-far beyond the local
neighborhood of stars, but still well within the great Milky
Way Galaxy.
Ellie returned to the sky-survey mode of Project
Argus. Again no pattern. It was like a musician listening to
the rumble of a distant thunderstorm. The occasional small
patches of pattern would pursue her and intrude themselves
into her memory with such insistence that sometimes she was
forced to go back to the tapes of a particular observing run
to see if there was something her mind had caught and the
computers had missed.
All her life, dreams had been her friends. Her
dreams were unusually detailed, well-structured, colorful.
She was able to peer closely at her father's face, say, or
the back of an old radio set, and the dream would oblige
with full visual details. She had always been able to recall
her dreams, down to the fine details-except for the times
when she had been under extreme pressure, ad before her
Ph.D. oral exam, or when she and Jesse were breaking up. But
now she was having difficulty recalling the images in her
dreams. And, disconcertingly, she began to dream sounds-as
people do who are blind from birth. In the early morning
hours her unconscious mind would generate some theme or
ditty she had never heard before. She would wake up, give an
audible command to the light on her night table, pick up the
pen she had put there for the purpose, draw a staff, and
commit the music to paper. Sometimes after a long day she
would play it on her recorder and wonder if she had heard it
in Ophiuchus or Capricorn. She was, she would admit to
herself ruefully, being haunted by the electrons and the
moving holes that inhabit receivers and amplifiers, and by
the charged particles and magnetic fields of the cold thin
gas between the flickering distant stars.
It was a repeated single note, high-pitched and
raucous around the edges. It took her a moment to recognize
it. Then she was sure she hadn't heard it In thirty-five
years. It was the metal pulley on the clothesline that would
complain each time her mother gave a tug and put out another
freshly washed smock to dry in the Sun. As a little girl,
she had loved the army of marching clothespins; and when no
one was about, would bury her face in the newly dried
sheets. The smell, at once sweet and pungent, enchanted her.
Could that be a whiff of it now? She could remember herself
laughing, toddling away from the sheets, when her mother in
one graceful motion swooped her up-to the sky it seemed-and
carried her away in the crook of her arm, as if she herself
were just a little bundle of clothes to be neatly arranged
in the chest of drawers in her parents' bedroom.
"Dr. Arroway? Dr. Arroway?" The technician looked down on
her fluttering eyelids and shallow breathing. She blinked
twice, removed the headphones, and gave him a small
apologetic smile. Sometimes her colleagues had to talk very
loudly if they wished to be heard above the amplified cosmic
radio noise. She would in turn compensate for the volume of
the noise-she was loath to remove the earphones for brief
conversations-by shouting back. When she was sufficiently
preoccupied, a casual or even convivial exchange of
pleasantries would seem to an inexperienced observer like a
fragment of a fierce and unprovoked argument unexpectedly
generated amidst the quiet of the vast radio facility. But
now she only said, "Sorry. I must have drifted off."
"It's Dr. Drumlin on the phone. He's in Jack's
office and says he has an appointment with you."
"Holy Toledo, I forgot."
As the years had passed, Drumlin's brilliance had
remained undiminished, but there were a number of additional
personal idiosyncrasies that had not been in evidence when
she had served briefly as his graduate student at Cal Tech.
For example, he had the disconcerting habit now of checking,
when he though himself unobserved, whether his fly was open.
He had over the years become increasingly convinced that
extraterrestrials did not exist, or at least that they were
too rare, too distant to be detected. He had come to Argus
to give the weekly scientific colloquium. But, she found, he
had come for another purpose as well. He had written a
letter to the National Science Foundation urging that Argus
terminate its search for extraterrestrial intelligence and
devote itself full-time to more conventional radio
astronomy. He produced it from an inside pocket and insisted
that she read it.
"But we've only been at it four and a half years.
We've looked at less than a third of the northern sky. This
is the first survey that can do the entire radio noise
minimum at optimum bandpasses. Why would you want to stop
now?"
"No, Ellie, this is endless. After a dozen years
you'll find no sign of anything. You'll argue that another
Argus facility has to be built at a cost of hundreds of
millions of dollars in Australia or Argentina to observe the
southern sky. And when that fails, you'll talk about
building some paraboloid with a free-flying feed in Earth
orbit so you can get millimeter waves. You'll always be able
to think of some kind of observation that hasn't been done.
You'll always invent some explanation about why the
extraterrestrials like to broadcast where we haven't
looked."
"Oh, Dave, we've been through this a hundred times.
If we fail, we learn something of the rarity of intelligent
life-or at least intelligent life that thinks like we do and
wants to communicate with backward civilizations like us.
And if we succeed, we hit the cosmic jackpot. There's no
greater discovery you can imagine."
"There are first-rate projects that aren't finding
telescope time. There's work on quasar evolution, binary
pulsars, the chromospheres of nearby stars, even those crazy
interstellar proteins. These projects are waiting in line
because this facility-by fat the best phased array in the
world-is being used almost entirely for SETI."
"Seventy-five percent for SETI, Dave, twenty-five
percent for routine radio astronomy."
"Don't call it routine. We've got the opportunity to
look back to the time that the galaxies were being formed,
or maybe even earlier than that. We can examine the cores of
giant molecular clouds and the black holes at the centers of
galaxies. There's a revolution in astronomy about to happen,
and you're standing in the way."
"Dave, try not to personalize this. Argus would
never have been built if there wasn't public support for
SETI. The idea for Argus isn't mine. You know they picked me
as director when the last forty dishes were still under
construction. The NSF is entirely behind-"
"Not entirely, and not if I have anything to say
about it. This is grandstanding. This is pandering to UFO
kooks and comic strips and weak-minded adolescents."
By now Drumlin was fairly shouting, and Ellie felt
an irresistible temptation to tune him out. Because of the
nature of her work an her comparative eminence, she was
constantly thrown into situations where she was the only
woman present, except for those serving coffee or making a
stenotypic transcript. Despite what seemed like a lifetime
of effort on her part, there was still a host of male
scientists who only talked to each other, insisted on
interrupting her, and ignored, when they could, what she had
to say. Occasionally there were those like Drumlin who
showed a positive antipathy. But at least he was treating
her as he did many men. He was evenhanded in his outbursts,
visiting them equally on scientists of both sexes. There
were a rare few of her male colleagues who did not exhibit
awkward personality changes in her presence. She ought to
spend more time with them, she thought. People like Kenneth
der Heer, the molecular biologist from the Salk Institute
who had recently been appointed Presidential Science
Adviser. And Peter Valerian, of course.
Drumlin's impatience with Argus, she knew, was
shared by many astronomers. After the first two years a kind
of melancholy had pervaded the facility. There were
passionate debates in the commissary or during the long and
undemanding watches about the intentions of the putative
extraterrestrials. We could not guess how different from us
they might be. It was hard enough to guess the intentions of
our elected representatives in Washington. What would the
intentions be of fundamentally different kinds of beings on
physically different worlds hundreds or thousands of
light-years away? Some believed that the signal would not be
transmitted in the radio spectrum at all but in the infrared
or the visible or somewhere among the gamma rays. Or perhaps
the extraterrestrials were signaling avidly but with a
technology we would not invent for a thousand years.
Astronomers at other institutions were making
extraordinary discoveries among the stars and galaxies,
picking out hose objects which, by whatever mechanism,
generated intense radio waves. Other radio astronomers
published scientific papers, attended meetings, were
uplifted by a sense of progress and purpose. The Argus
astronomers tended not to publish and were usually ignored
when the call went out for invited papers at the annual
meeting of the American Astronomical Society or the
triennial symposia and plenary sessions of the International
Astronomical Union. So in consultation with the National
Science Foundation, the leadership at Argus had reserved 25
percent of the observing time for projects unconnected with
the search for extraterrestrial intelligence. Some important
discoveries had been made-on the extragalactic objects that
seemed, paradoxically, to be moving faster than light; on
the surface temperature of Neptune's big moon, Triton; and
on the dark matter in the outer reaches of nearby galaxies
where no stars could be seen. Morale began to improve. The
Argus staff felt they were making a contribution at the
cutting edge of astronomical discovery. The time to complete
a full search of the sky had been lengthened, it was true.
But now their professional careers had some safety net. They
might not succeed in finding signs of other intelligent
beings, but they might pluck other secrets from the treasury
of nature.
The search for extraterrestrial
intelligence-everywhere abbreviated SETI, except by those
who talked somewhat more optimistically about communication
with extraterrestrial intelligence (CETI)-was essentially an
observing routine, the dull staple for which most of the
facility had been built. But a quarter of the time you could
be assured of using the most powerful array of radio
telescopes on Earth for other projects. You had only to get
through the boring part. A small amount of time had also
been reserved for astronomers from other institutions. While
the morale had improved noticeably, there were many who
agreed with Drumlin; they glanced longingly at the
technological miracle that Argus' 131 radio telescopes
represented and imagined using them for their own, doubtless
meritorious, programs. She was alternately conciliatory and
argumentative with Dave, but none of it did any good. He was
not in an amiable mood.
Drumlin's colloquium was in part an attempt to
demonstrate that there were no extraterrestrials anywhere.
If we had accomplished so much in only a few thousand years
of high technology, what must a truly advanced species, he
asked, be capable of? They should be able to move stars
about, to reconfigure galaxies. And yet, in all of astronomy
there was no sign of a phenomenon that could not be
understood by natural processes, for which an appeal to
extraterrestrial intelligence had to be made. Why hadn't
Argus detected a radio signal by now? Did they imagine just
one radio transmitter in all of the sky? Did they realize
how many billions of stars they had examined already? The
experiment was a worthy one, but now it was over. They
didn't have to examine the rest of the sky. The answer was
in. Neither in deepest space not near the Earth was there
any sign of extraterrestrials. They did not exist.
In the question period, one of the Argus astronomers
asked about the Zoo Hypothesis, the contention that the
extraterrestrials were out there all right but chose not to
make their presence known, in order to conceal from humans
the fact that there were other intelligent beings in the
cosmos-in the same sense that a specialist in primate
behavior might wish to observe a troop of chimpanzees in the
bush but not interfere with their activities. In reply,
Drumlin asked a different question: Is it likely that with a
million civilizations in the Galaxy-the sort of number he
said was "bandied about" at Argus-there would not be a
single poacher? How does it come about that every
civilization in the Galaxy abides by an ethic of
noninterference? Is it probable that not one of them would
be poking around on the Earth?
"But on Earth," Ellie replied, "poachers and game
wardens have roughly equal levels of technology. If the game
warden is a major step ahead-with radar and helicopters,
say-then the poachers are out of business."
The remark was greeted warmly by some of the Argus
staff, but Drumlin only said, "You're reaching, Ellie.
You're reaching."
To clear her head it was her practice to go for long solo
drives in her one extravagance, a carefully maintained 1958
Thunderbird with removable hardtop and little glass
portholes flanking the rear seat. Often she would leave the
top at home and speed through the scrub desert at night,
with the windows down and her dark hair streaming behind
her. Over the years, it seemed, she had gotten to know every
small impoverished town, every butte and mesa, and every
state highway patrolman in southwestern New Mexico. After a
night observing run, she would love to zoom past the Argus
guard station (that was before the cyclone fencing went up),
rapidly changing gears, and drive north. Around Santa Fe,
the faintest glimmerings of dawn might be seen above the
Sangre de Cristo Mountains. (Why should a religion, she
asked herself, name its places after the blood and body,
heart and pancreas of its most revered figure? And why not
the brain, among other prominent but uncommemorated organs?)
This time she drove southeast, toward the Sacramento
Mountains. Could Dave be right? Could SETI and Argus be a
kind of collective delusion of a few insufficiently
hard-nosed astronomers? Was it true that no matter how many
years went by without the receipt of a message, the project
would continue, always inventing a new strategy for the
transmitting civilization, continually devising novel and
expensive instrumentation? What would be a convincing sign
of failure? When would she be willing to give up and turn to
something safer, something more guaranteed of results? The
Nobeyama Observatory in Japan had just announced the
discovery of adenosine, a complex organic molecule, a
building block of DNA, sitting out there in a dense
molecular cloud. She could certainly bust herself usefully
in looking for life-related molecules in space, even if she
gave up searching for extraterrestrial intelligence.
On the high mountain road, she glanced at the
southern horizon and caught a glimpse of the constellation
Centaurus. In that pattern of stars the ancient Greeks had
seen a chimerical creature, half man, half horse, who had
taught Zeus wisdom. But Ellie could never make out any
pattern remotely like centaur. It was Alpha Centauri, the
brightest star in the constellation, that she delighted in.
It was the nearest star, only four and a quarter light-years
away. Actually, Alpha Centauri was a triple system, two suns
tightly orbiting one another, and a third, more remote,
circling them both. From Earth, the three stars blended
together to form a solitary point of light. On particularly
clear nights, like this one, she could sometimes see it
hovering somewhere over Mexico. Sometimes, when the air had
been laden with desert grit after several consecutive days
of sand storms, she would drive up into the mountains to
gain a little altitude and atmospheric transparency, get out
of the car, and stare at the nearest star system. Planets
were possible there, although very hard to detect. Some
might be closely orbiting any one of the triple suns. A more
interesting orbit, with some fair celestial mechanical
stability, was a figure eight, which wrapped itself around
the two inner suns. What would it be like, she wondered, to
live on a world with three suns in the sky? Probably even
hotter than New Mexico.
The two-lane blacktop highway, Ellie noticed with a pleasant
little tremor, was lined with rabbits. She had seen them
before, especially when her drives had taken her as far as
West Texas. They were on all fours by the shoulders of the
road; but as each would be momentarily illuminated by the
Thunderbird's new quartz headlights, it would stand on its
hind legs, its forelimbs hanging limply, transfixed. For
miles there was an honor guard of desert coneys saluting
her, so it seemed, as she roared through the night. They
would look up, a thousand pink noses twitching, two thousand
bright eyes shining in the dark, as this apparition hurled
toward them.
Maybe it's a kind of religious experience, she
thought. They seemed to be mostly young rabbits. Maybe they
had never seen automobile headlights. To think of it, it was
pretty amazing, the two intense beams of light speeding
along at 130 kilometers an hour. Despite the thousands of
rabbits lining the road, there never seemed to be even one
in the middle, near the lane marker, never a forlorn dead
body, the ears stretched out along the pavement. Why were
they aligned along the pavement at all? Maybe it had to do
with the temperature of the asphalt, she thought. Or maybe
they were only foraging in the scrub vegetation nearby and
curious about the oncoming bright lights. But was it
reasonable that none of them ever took a few short hops to
visit his cousins across the road? What did they imagine the
highway was? An alien presence in their midst, its function
unfathomable, built by creatures that most of them had never
seen? She doubted that any of them wondered about it all.
The whine of her tires on the highway was a kind of
white noise, and she found that involuntarily she was-here,
too-listening for a pattern. She had taken to listening
closely to many sources of white noise: the motor of the
refrigerator starting up in the middle of the night; the
water running for her bath; the washing machine when she
would do her clothes in the little laundry room off her
kitchen; the roar of the ocean during a brief scuba-diving
trip to the island of Cozumel off Yucatan, which she had cut
short because of her impatience to get back to work. She
would listen to these everyday sources of random noise and
try to determine whether there were fewer apparent patterns
in them than in the interstellar static.
She had been to New York City the previous August
for a meeting of URSI (the French abbreviation for the
International Scientific Radio Union). The subways were
dangerous, she had been told, but the white noise was
irresistible. In the clacka-clacka of this underground
railway she had thought she heard a clue, and resolutely
skipped half a day of meetings-traveling from 34th Street to
Coney Island, back to midtown Manhattan, and then on a
different line, out to remotest Queens. She changed trains
at a station in Jamaica, and then returned a little flushed
and breathless-it was, after all, a hot day in August, she
told herself-to the convention hotel. Sometimes, when the
subway train was banking around a steep curve, the interior
bulbs would go out and she could see a regular succession of
lights, glowing in electric blue, speeding by as if she were
in some impossible hyper-relativistic interstellar
spacecraft, hurtling through a cluster of young blue
supergiant stars. Then, as the train entered a
straight-away, the interior lights would come on again and
she would become aware once again of the acrid smell, the
jostling of nearby straphangers, the miniature television
surveillance cameras (locked in protective cages and
subsequently spray-painted blind), the stylized multicolored
map showing the complete underground transportation system
of the City of New York, and the high-frequency screech of
the brakes as they pulled into the stations.
This was a little eccentric, she knew. But she had
always had an active fantasy life. All right, so she was a
little compulsive about listening to noise. It did no harm
that she could see. Nobody seemed to notice much. Anyway, it
was job-related. If she had been so minded, she could
probably have deducted the expense of her trip to Cozumel
from her income tax because of the sound of the breakers.
Well, maybe she was becoming obsessive.
She realized with a start that she had arrived at
the Rockefeller Center station. As she quickly stepped out
through an accumulation of daily newspapers abandoned on the
floor of the subway car, a headline of the News-Post had
caught her eye: GUERRILLAS CAPTURE JOBURG RADIO. If we like
them, they're freedom fighters, she thought. If we don't
like them, they're terrorists. In the unlikely case we can't
make up our minks, they're temporarily only guerrillas. On
an adjacent scrap of newspaper was a large photo of a
florid, confident man with the headline: HOW THE WORLD WILL
END. EXCERPTS FROM THE REV. BILLY JO RANKIN'S NEW BOOK.
EXCLUSIVELY THIS WEEK IN THE NEWS-POST. She had taken the
headlines in at a glance and tried promptly to forget them.
Moving through the bustling crowds to the meeting hotel, she
hoped she was in time to hear Fujita's paper on homomorphic
radio telescope design.
Superposed on the whine of the tires was a periodic thump at
the joins of swathes of pavement, which had been resurfaced
by different New Mexico road crews in different epochs. What
if an interstellar message were being received by Project
Argus, but very slowly-one bit of information every hour,
say, or every week, or every decade? What if there were very
old, very patient murmurs of some transmitting civilization,
which had no way of knowing that we get tired of pattern
recognition after seconds or minutes? Suppose they lived for
tens of thousands of years. And taaaaalked verrrry
slooooowwwwly. Argus would never know. Could such long-lived
creatures exist? Would there have been enough time in the
history of the universe for creatures who reproduced very
slowly to evolve to high intelligence? Wouldn't the
statistical breakdown of chemical bonds, the deterioration
of their bodies according to the Second Law of
Thermodynamics, force them to reproduce about as often as
human beings do? And to have lifespans like ours? Or might
they reside on some old and frigid world, where even
molecular collisions occur in extreme slow motion, maybe
only a frame a day. She idly imagined a radio transmitter of
recognizable and familiar design sitting on a cliff of
methane ice, feebly illuminated by a distant red dwarf sun,
while far below waves of an ammonia ocean beat relentlessly
against the shore-incidentally generating a white noise
indistinguishable from that of the surf at Cozumel.
The opposite was possible as well: the fast talkers,
manic little creatures perhaps, moving with quick and jerky
motions, who transmitted a complete radio message-the
equivalent of hundreds of pages of English test-in a
nanosecond. Of course, if you had a very narrow bandpass to
your receiver, so you were listening only to a tiny range of
frequencies, you were forced to accept the long
time-constant. You would never be able to detect a rapid
modulation. It was a simple consequence of the Fourier
Integral Theorem, and closely related to the Heisenberg
Uncertainty Principle. So, for example, if you had a
bandpass of a kilohertz, you couldn't make out a signal that
was modulated at fasted than a millisecond. It would be kind
of a sonic blur. The Argus bandpasses were narrower than a
hertz, so to be detected the transmitters must be modulating
very slowly, slower than one bit of information a second.
Still slower modulations-longer than hours, say-could be
detected easily, provided you were willing to point a
telescope at the source for that length of time, provided
you were exceptionally patient. There were so many pieces of
the sky to look at, so many hundreds of billions of stars to
search out. You couldn't spend all your time on only a few
of them. She was troubled that in their haste to do a full
sky survey in less than a human lifetime, to listen to all
of the sky at a billion frequencies, they had abandoned both
the frantic talkers and the laconic plodders.
But surely, she thought, they would know better than
we what modulation frequencies were acceptable. They would
have had previous experience with interstellar communication
and newly emerging civilizations. If there was a broad range
of likely pulse rates that the receiving civilization would
adopt, the transmitting civilization would utilize such a
range. Modulate at microseconds, modulate at hours. What
would it cost them? They would, almost all of them, have
superior engineering and enormous power resources by Earth
standards. If they wanted to communicate with us, they would
make it easy for us. They would send signals at many
different frequencies. They would use many different
modulation timescales. They would know how backward we are,
and would have pity.
So why had we received no signal? Could Dave
possibly be right? No extraterrestrial civilizations
anywhere? All those billions of worlds going to waste,
lifeless, barren? Intelligent beings growing up only in this
obscure corner of an incomprehensibly vast universe? No
matter how valiantly she tried, Ellie couldn't make herself
take such a possibility seriously. It dovetailed perfectly
with human fears and pretentions, with unproved doctrines
about life-after-death, with such pseudosciences as
astrology. It was the modern incarnation of the geocentric
solipsism, the conceit that had captured our ancestors, the
notion that we were the center of the universe. Drumlin's
argument was suspect on these grounds alone. We wanted to
believe it too badly.
Wait a minute, she thought. We haven't even examined
the northern skies once with the Argus system. In another
seven or eight years, if we've still heard nothing, that'll
be the time to start worrying. This is the first moment in
human history when it's possible to search for the
inhabitants of other worlds. If we fail, we've calibrated
something of the rarity and preciousness of life on our
planet-a fact, if it is one, very much worth knowing. And if
we succeed, we'll have changed the history of our species,
broken the shackles of provincialism. With the stakes this
high, you have to be willing to take some small professional
risks, she told herself. She pulled off the side of the road
and did a shallow racing turn, changed gears twice, and
accelerated back toward the Argus facility. The rabbits,
still lining the roadside, but now pinked by dawn, craned
their necks to follow her departure.
--
... In 2345, on the 10th anniversary of the Shivan attack
on Ross 128, the Vasudan emperor Khonsu II addressed the
newly formed GTVA General Assembly. The emperor inaugurated
an ambiguous and unprecedented joint endeavor: the GTVA
Colossus...
※ 来源:.The unknown SPACE bbs.mit.edu.[FROM: 204.91.54.100]
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--我对我自己的生活负责,是好是坏,是泪是笑,我一力承担。
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☆ 来源:.哈工大紫丁香 bbs.hit.edu.cn.[FROM: baohf.bbs@smth.org]
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