AI 版 (精华区)
发信人: yale (Builder), 信区: AI
标 题: The Thesis Writing Process
发信站: 哈工大紫丁香 (Sun Dec 7 10:01:08 2003), 站内信件
南京大学小百合站 -- 主题文章阅读 [讨论区: AI]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--
[本篇全文] [回复本文] [本篇作者: eyounx] [本篇人气: 377]
发信人: eyounx (call for HPC~~), 信区: AI
标 题: The Thesis Writing Process
发信站: 南京大学小百合站 (Sat Nov 22 19:15:21 2003)
[from http://www.cs.umd.edu/~oleary/gradstudy/gradstudy.html]
9 The Thesis Writing Process
©1996,1999 Dianne Prost O'Leary oleary@cs.umd.edu
Last modified May 19, 1999 .
Most students find that doing the research for the thesis is the most challeng
ing part of graduate school. They often budget their time to allow a very shor
t period for the actual writing of the thesis.
This plan invariably leads to an unpleasant surprise: writing results in a for
m that other people can understand is a very slow process! Here are some of th
e often unanticipated reasons:
In order to get a well-written paper, the first 2 or 3 drafts must often be co
mpletely discarded!
In the course of your several years of research, you have probably changed not
ation several times, developed new points of view on your work, and developed
many results that looked significant at the time but now seem to contribute no
thing toward your final product. Sorting through all of your work and reorgani
zing it is a lengthy process.
Even if you have several technical reports, conference papers, or journal arti
cles discussing partial results, the audience for your thesis is different, an
d thus the style of exposition must be significantly changed. A research paper
is addressed to a group of experts in the field, who presumably know the lite
rature and the background issues quite well. A thesis is written more for the
generalist. A thorough literature review must be included, as well as an evalu
ation of where your work fits into the scheme of things.
All the small details that were put off and forgotten must now be filled in. C
itations must be checked, the historical progression of various results must b
e carefully documented, the ``trivial cases'' must be worked through, the docu
mentation of your methods must be complete.
Your thesis advisor will probably have strong opinions on how the work should
be presented. Adapting your style to these requirements will take some flexibi
lity and thought.
Your committee members, your first detached readers, will often find undefined
jargon or symbols, holes in your arguments (or at least in your presentation
of them), and other deficiencies.
Even after you are on track, you will probably find that a ``good'' day of wri
ting produces about 5 pages, leading to an overall average of perhaps a quarte
r page per day.
9.1 How Can You Minimize the Pain of Writing?
Some habits begun early in your research will help:
Keep careful notes about your work. You might choose to keep bound logbooks (s
quare ruled paper is helpful) or on-line notes. Write your notes regularly: wr
ite up every new result, but make an entry at least weekly even if you believe
that nothing of significance has been accomplished. Even noting what you are
thinking about can be helpful.
If possible, write up each piece of the work for publication as it is complete
d. This makes the final writing easier because each piece is documented at its
completion time rather than months or years later, and the early write-ups gi
ve a basis for organizing the thesis. In addition, it establishes your reputat
ion early and makes the job search much easier.
As you read other theses and published works, be a student of technical writin
g styles. Find out what works and what doesn't. Study a good writing manual; s
ee 13.
A student who has developed skill at writing non-technical term papers as an u
ndergraduate will have an easier time of learning to be a good technical write
r, but there is one additional skill that must be added: you must also be a go
od teacher!
When you write a term project, you are explaining the work of others. You have
a good idea of what is immediately obvious and what is more difficult to gras
p, since you recently went through the exercise of grasping the material yours
elf.
It is easy to be fooled into thinking that since something is now obvious to y
ou after several years of study, it is also obvious to your reader. The most d
ifficult part of thesis writing is organizing and presenting your material in
an understandable way.
An important early step is to develop a tentative outline. The outline will pr
obably change several times, but it is important always to have a current one
foremost in your mind so that you can make the pieces fit together smoothly.
A typical outline will be of the form:
Chapter 1: Introduction
What is the problem?
Why is it important?
What have other people done?
What is central idea(s) of my approach?
How is the rest of the thesis organized?
Chapter 2: The problem
Define the problem.
Introduce the jargon.
Discuss the basic properties.
Chapter 3: Big idea 1
...
Chapter k+2: Big idea k
Chapter k+3: Conclusion
Recapitulate what has been accomplished.
Discuss ideas for future work.
Don't think that the thesis must be written starting at page 1 and continuing
until the end. Most often, the presentation of the ``big ideas'' shapes the pr
esentation of ``the problem.'' The introduction is often written (or at least
rewritten) last. The important thing is to jump in and begin writing something
, and make notes along the way of how other sections need to be adapted so tha
t they all work together.
One way to organize each chapter is to present the material to a group of fell
ow students. (If you cannot find an audience, then present to an imaginary one
.) If you can organize your ideas into a coherent hour lecture, using chalkboa
rd or overhead projector, on a level understandable by your fellow students, y
ou are probably ready to write a chapter.
Remember that the style of thesis writing is expository: you are trying to com
municate your ideas, their significance, and their limitations. It is not the
compressed style of a page-limited conference paper or journal article. Don't
make your reader work too hard! At the same time, don't talk down to the reade
r, wasting time with repetition or adding unnecessary filler. Committee member
s and later readers will resent such tactics.
9.2 Writing Tools
See 13 for suggestions on writing manuals.
A major decision to make is the choice of document processing system in which
to write your text. Knowledge of a good text processing system is almost as ba
sic a tool to a professional in the mathematical and computational sciences as
calculus or the C programming language. Although technical typists used to be
common, they are an increasingly rare breed, and professionals are expected t
o be able to produce their own manuscripts.
Currently, the most popular typesetting and formatting systems are Tex, AMS-Te
x, and Latex. Less elaborate systems might get you through your thesis, but ev
entually you may be forced to use one of these systems in order to communicate
with colleagues and to transmit manuscripts to journals. The Tex-based system
s can be used on workstations, personal computers, etc., and most journals can
accept files in these formats, thus saving you the enormous job of proof-read
ing a manuscript that has been typeset after re-keying.
Each university has a set of style requirements for the thesis. These requirem
ents often give rules for the use of different fonts, the format for bibliogra
phies, the width of the margins, etc. Check around and see if your department
or university has a style file compatible with with your typesetting system, s
o that you can satisfy these rules easily. If not, be prepared to iterate a fe
w times to make the style-checkers happy.
9.3 Dealing with Your Thesis Committee
Ideally, you have chosen your committee members because of their interest in y
our research area and in you. Ideally, the members have followed your research
over the course of a year or more, and understand your problem and your appro
ach. Ideally, they all get along well, and egos are not a factor. And ideally,
they are willing to take the time to read your thesis in detail and give you
valuable feedback.
But the world is not always ideal. You might be very lucky to find one profess
or other than your advisor who is willing to listen and read and comment meani
ngfully. Other committee members may prefer a less active role, at one extreme
, simply showing up for your oral exam and questioning you. Rules or reality m
ay have dictated that some committee members have little interest in your rese
arch area, or little time to devote to mentoring.
Whatever the situation, draw your committee members as much into the process a
s they wish to be. If the committee is established early, then stop by or send
a brief update to them two or three times a year so that they can follow your
progress. If it is established after the thesis is written, give them plenty
of time to read the thesis, and then contact each one, asking whether it would
be helpful if you stopped by to answer questions or discuss your work. You do
n't want to be surprised at the oral exam by a very unhappy committee member.
After the oral exam, it is courteous to give a bound copy of the final version
of the thesis to each committee member, and to express gratitude for the time
they spent on your committee. Their participation should be noted in your the
sis acknowledgements.
--
※ 来源:.南京大学小百合站 http://bbs.nju.edu.cn[FROM: 210.28.130.54]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--
本主题共有 1 篇文章.
[回文章] [返回上一页][本讨论区]
--
曾经有一份真诚的爱情放在我面前,我没有珍惜,
等我失去的时候我才后悔莫及,
人世间最痛苦的事莫过于此。
如果上天能够给我一个再来一次的机会,我会对那个女孩子说三个字:
我 爱 你 !
如果非要在这份爱上加上一个期限,我希望是……
※ 来源:.哈工大紫丁香 bbs.hit.edu.cn [FROM: 218.7.3.45]
Powered by KBS BBS 2.0 (http://dev.kcn.cn)
页面执行时间:213.211毫秒