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标 题: SpaceShipOne Makes History: First Manned Private Spacefligh
发信站: 哈工大紫丁香 (Fri Jun 25 23:22:57 2004), 站内
By Leonard David
Senior Space Writer
posted: 11:20 am ET
21 June 2004
Updated 11:50 a.m. ET. A detailed account of the historic flight is
here.
MOJAVE, CALIFORNIA – The first non-governmental rocket ship flew to the
edge of space today and was piloted to a safe landing on a desert
airport runway here.
Civilian test pilot, now turned astronaut Mike Melvill brought
SpaceShipOne down to the Mojave Airport tarmac after flying to 100
kilometers (62 miles) in altitude, leaving the Earth’s atmosphere
during his history-making sub-orbital space ride.
After touchdown, Melvill rolled past thousands of spectators in the
early morning Sun, flashing the thumbs up. Then he got out and spoke
to the cheering crowd.
"The flight was spectacular," Melvill said. "Looking out that window,
seeing the white clouds in the LA Basin, it looked like snow on the
ground."
Roaring to life
Take-off occurred at about 9:45 a.m. ET, or 6:45 a.m. local time, with
SpaceShipOne tucked under the White Knight carrier craft.
Once set free an hour later, and after a few seconds of glide control at
around 47,000 feet, Melvill ignited SpaceShipOne’s hybrid rocket
motor. From the ground, flame and smoke could be seen as the rocket
plane roared to life and shot upward through Mojave Desert skies.
Slicing skyward and outside the Earth’s atmosphere, the vehicle and
pilot spent about three minutes in freefall weightlessness.
"As I got to the top I released a bag of M&Ms in the cockpit. It was
amazing," said Melvill, 62.
During the reentry process, Melvill flipped SpaceShipOne’s large tail
section up, a step needed to slow the vehicle down as it nosed itself
toward a terra firm touchdown.
After the speed-reducing maneuver, SpaceShipOne’s tail piece was put
back into glide mode. The vehicle circled overhead as onlookers who
had filled up local motels and camped at the airport cheered. The
craft landed at around 11:15 a.m. ET directly in front of a public
viewing area on the same runway on which it took off roughly an hour and
a half earlier.
Melvill reported hearing a bang during the high-altitude portion of
the flight. Something was seen hanging from the bottom of the craft at
the landing site. There appeared to be damage at or near the left rear
landing gear, but it was not clear if it had anything to do with the
bang.
Step-by-step test program
Scaled Composites, designer and builder of the rocket plane, say the
successful mission will "demonstrate that the space frontier is
finally open to private enterprise."
"This event could be the breakthrough that will enable space access
for future generations," a pre-launch Scaled Composites press
statement explains.
Microsoft cofounder turned investor and philanthropist, Paul Allen is
the behind-the-scenes financial backer of the project, joining forces
with aviation designer, Burt Rutan, chief of Scaled Composites.
"It's hard for me to talk right now," Rutan said moments after the
landing. He said he was very pleased with the flight and called the
landing "beautiful."
Melvill, a test pilot and vice president-general manager of Scaled
Composites, called the flight a mind-blowing experience. "It all
worked exactly as you told us," he said to Rutan. When asked what he
would do next, Melvill said: "I think I'll back off a little bit and
ride my bike."
High-altitude record
Since the White Knight carrier plane first took to the air in early
August 2002, a step-by-step test program has been instituted by Scaled
Composites. To date, given today’s success, there have been 57
flights of hardware associated with this morning’s mission of
SpaceShipOne.
The rocket plane itself has now undertaken a series of 14 piloted
captive carry, free-flight, and four engine-powered missions. Today’s
event marked the highest-altitude ever reached by a non-government
aerospace program.
SpaceShipOne project officials have already begun gearing up for
flying back-to-back missions of the craft in order to snag the $10
million Ansari X Prize. This international competition can be won by the
first team to create a reusable aircraft that can launch three
passengers into sub-orbital space, return them safely home, then
repeat the launch within two weeks with the same vehicle.
Anthony Duignan-Cabrera contributed to this report from the Mojave
Airport.
http://www.space.com/missionlaunches/SS1_touchdown_040621.html
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