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发信人: ersy (Green Mouse), 信区: Aero
标 题: Timeline: China's space quest(转载)
发信站: 哈工大紫丁香 (2003年10月15日11:18:17 星期三), 站内信件
【 以下文字转载自 Green 讨论区 】
【 原文由 bonjovi 所发表 】
CNN) The following is a rundown of key events in China's space program and the
build up to its first manned space mission:
1955: Qian Xuesen, regarded as the father of both China's ballistic missile fo
rce and its space program, returns to China from the United States.
Trained at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in rocket research and a
one-time colonel in the U.S. Air Force working on America's ballistic missile
program, Qian returned to communist China amid charges he was a spy. He quickl
y becomes the leading scientist in China's own effort to develop ballistic mis
siles and other rockets.
1958: Qian presents plans for China's first satellite and the rocket to launch
it to the communist party leadership.
April 24, 1970: China launches its first satellite using a modified CSS-3 inte
rcontinental ballistic missile, later renamed the Long March 1 rocket. The sat
ellite remains in orbit for 26 days transmitting the revolutionary song "The E
ast Is Red."
1975: China successfully recovers a remote sensing satellite from orbit, a key
step in developing a space vehicle capable of surviving re-entry and returnin
g to Earth.
1979: Shanghai-based newspaper Wen Hui Bao publishes a photograph of a Chinese
astronaut training in a space suit. These were soon followed by the release o
f more detailed photographs clearly showing Chinese astronauts undergoing trai
ning in a simulated space cabin.
Late 1980s: China announces ambitious space plans including the development of
a small space shuttle system, a space station and a series of new launchers.
1986: China announces it is entering the commercial space launch market. The a
nnouncement is timely following the suspension of the U.S. shuttle program fol
lowing the Challenger disaster and the failure of other American satellite lua
nch vehicles.
1989: Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev visits Beijing, restoring links betwe
en China and the Soviet Union. Process leads to improved cooperation in a numb
er of areas, including Chinese access to Soviet space expertise.
1990: China launches and successfully recovers a "biosat" containing 60 animal
s and plants, including rats and guinea pigs.
1992: Project 921, the mission to put China's first man in space, gets the off
icial go-ahead from the communist leadership.
April 25, 1996: Yuri Koptev, director-general of the Russian Space Agency, vis
its Beijing and signs an inter-government agreement on space cooperation. No d
etails about the agreement have ever been revealed.
Later that year reports say two Chinese astronauts traveled to the Star City f
acility outside Moscow for training. The two men, both former air force pilots
, later returned home to act as instructors for China's own astronaut training
program.
November 20, 1999: China launches its first Shenzhou spacecraft on one-day fli
ght from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, northwestern China.
The spacecraft returns the following day in the Inner Mongolian Autonomous Reg
ion of northern China, concluding what the official Xinhua news agency describ
es as a "major breakthrough in manned space flight technology."
January 9, 2001: Launch of Shenzhou II, the second test flight of China's spac
e capsule.
The flight lasted eights days and orbited the Earth 108 times. On board were s
everal unspecified research animals for a flight designed to test the spacecra
ft's suitability for carrying passengers and sustaining life.
Few details are released about the mission, leading to speculation that it was
at best a partial success.
March 25, 2002: Shenzhou III, the third test flight, lifts off for further tes
ting of life support systems. The flight comes more than a year after the prev
ious test.
The flight lasts for seven days and completes more than 100 orbits. Among expe
riments carried on board were three fertilized chicken eggs which returned to
Earth undamaged. The eggs, carrying one male and two female chicks, hatched sh
ortly afterwards, state media reports.
December 29, 2002: Shenzhou IV, the fourth and final Shenzhou test, blasts off
from the Jiuquan launch site.
The mission, a full-scale rehearsal for manned space flight, lasts six days an
d 18 hours and is hailed as a "complete success" by Xinhua. On board are test
equipment and two dummy astronauts.
--
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