Embedded 版 (精华区)
发信人: embeddedsys (选择·喜欢), 信区: Embedded_system
标 题: Embedded Linux Howto (3) Zzz
发信站: 哈工大紫丁香 (2003年03月27日09:30:33 星期四), 站内信件
发信人: turbolinux (hoho~神啊,救救我吧...), 信区: Embedded
标 题: Embedded Linux Howto (3)
发信站: BBS 水木清华站 (Thu Jul 12 00:30:39 2001)
3. The boot process.
This section is for the most based on the Bootdisk-HOWTO.
3.1 Bios
All PC systems start the boot process by executing code in ROM
(specifically, the BIOS) to load the sector from sector 0, cylinder 0 of
the boot drive. The boot drive is usually the first floppy drive
(designated A: in DOS and /dev/fd0 in Linux). The BIOS then tries to
execute this sector. On most bootable disks, sector 0, cylinder 0
contains either:
Code from a boot loader such as LILO, which locates the kernel, loads it
and executes it to start the boot proper.
he start of an operating system kernel, such as Linux.
If a Linux kernel has been raw-copied to a diskette, a hard drive or
another media, the first sector of the disk will be the first sector
of the Linux kernel itself. This first sector will continue the boot
process by loading the rest of the kernel from the boot device.
3.2 The boot loader
We will use a boot loader like lilo to operate our boot process. It
permits to have the dev and production platforms on the same hardware
and to switch from one to the other by only rebooting. The lilo boot
loader is loaded by the bios. Then, it loads kernels or the boot sectors
of other operating systems. It also provides a simple command-line
interface to interactively select the item to boot with its options.
More may be found in the Lilo documentation at ftp://sunsite.unc.
edu/pub/Linux/system/boot/lilo/.
3.3 The Kernel
The kernel checks the hardware and mounts the root device. Then it looks
for the init program on the root filesystem and executes it.
3.4 Init
Init is the parent of all other processes that will run on your linux
OS, it will watch it's child processes and start, stop, re-lauch them if
needed. init takes all information from /etc/inittab.
3.5 inittab
The file /etc/inittab/ refers to scripts named /etc/rc... to do the
system setup. It also has entries for the getty tool to handle the login
process.
3.6 The login process
There is one getty available in the inittab file for each console you
allow for the users. Getty will launch /bin/login to verify the user
password.
More info about the boot process may be found at Linux Documentation
Project and in the init and inittab man pages.
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