Environment 版 (精华区)

发信人: ignorance (孤独一剑), 信区: Environment
标  题: 中国21世纪优先项目计划(3.3)
发信站: 哈工大紫丁香 (Fri Jul  2 09:08:17 1999), 转信

3-3 促 进 中 国 环 保 设 备 制 造 业 发 展 与
                  管 理 的 能 力 建 设 



0. 项 目 与 《 中 国 21 世 纪 议 程 》 文 本 的 关 系 

该 项 目 依 据 《 中 国 21 世 纪 议 程 》 文 本 : 6A 、
12C 　 

与 该 项 目 有 关 的 《 中 国 21 世 纪 议 程 》 方 案 领
域 ： 2A 、 6E 、 9B 、 10C 

1. 背 景 

1.1 意 义 

中 国 工 业 持 续 发 展 要 建 立 在 资 源 的 可 持 续 利
用 和 良 好 生 态 环 境 基 础 上 ， 而 控 制 环 境 污 染
， 进 行 废 物 处 理 与 资 源 回 收 ， 都 离 不 开 环 保
装 备 。 环 保 产 业 要 依 靠 环 保 装 备 的 支 撑 ， 没
有 先 进 的 环 保 装 备 这 个 物 质 基 础 ， 环 保 产 业
就 没 有 根 基 。 因 此 ， 促 进 中 国 环 保 装 备 制 造
业 的 发 展 与 加 强 管 理 能 力 建 设 ， 是 实 现 中 国
可 持 续 发 展 战 略 的 主 要 组 成 部 分 和 重 要 保 证
。 

中 国 的 环 保 装 备 制 造 业 明 显 落 后 于 发 达 国 家
， 环 保 设 备 的 品 种 、 质 量 、 处 理 效 率 都 还 不
能 满 足 市 场 的 需 要 ， 设 备 的 生 产 成 本 偏 高 。
在 这 一 领 域 引 进 、 吸 取 国 外 的 先 进 适 用 技 术
和 经 验 ， 进 行 合 资 、 合 作 大 有 可 为 ， 发 展 前
景 广 阔 ， 这 不 仅 有 利 于 本 国 ， 而 且 可 为 全 球
环 境 保 护 事 业 做 出 贡 献 。 

1.2 基 础 与 条 件 

近 十 几 年 来 ， 机 械 工 业 部 组 织 编 制 了 “ 六 五
” 、 “ 七 五 ” 、 “ 八 五 ” 环 保 装 备 发 展 规 划
， 目 前 正 在 制 订 “ 九 五 ” 规 划 。 在 此 期 间 ，
对 国 内 外 环 保 装 备 及 其 生 产 企 业 进 行 过 多 方
面 调 查 ， 积 累 了 大 量 资 料 和 数 据 ， 对 国 内 环
保 装 备 的 行 业 技 术 、 生 产 现 状 与 国 外 差 距 有
清 楚 了 解 。 同 时 ， 完 成 了 环 保 机 械 型 谱 系 列
的 编 制 和 部 分 产 品 的 标 准 化 工 作 。 

在 国 际 合 作 方 面 ： 近 几 年 来 ， 曾 与 一 些 国 家
的 企 业 、 产 业 集 团 、 金 融 机 构 进 行 过 广 泛 接
触 和 人 员 互 访 ， 得 到 国 外 积 极 的 反 应 ， 他 们
对 开 展 这 一 领 域 合 作 抱 有 较 大 兴 趣 。 日 本 产
经 联 、日 中 经 济 协 会 、 日 本 机 械 输 出 组 合 等
机 构 团 体 曾 来 华 访 问 过 机 械 工 业 部 ， 表 示 愿
与 我 方 合 作 ， 进 行 市 场 调 查 、 技 术 转 让 可 行
性 研 究 。 美 国 某 咨 询 机 构 、 德 国 机 械 制 造 商
协 会 ， 曾 表 示 愿 意 帮 助 中 国 进 行 环 保 装 备 制
造 业 规 划 、 政 策 研 究 等 。 一 些 国 际 金 融 组 织
， 也 曾 表 示 愿 意 支 持 中 国 发 展 环 保 装 备 制 造
业 ， 增 强 能 力 建 设 。 

1.3 存 在 问 题 

中 国 环 保 装 备 制 造 业 经 过 二 十 年 的 发 展 ， 现
已 初 具 规 模 。 但 是 ， 从 总 体 上 看 ， 中 国 环 保
装 备 的 开 发 与 生 产 还 处 于 发 展 初 期 阶 段 ， 基
础 比 较 薄 弱 ， 存 在 一 系 列 亟 待 解 决 的 问 题 。
中 国 现 有 环 保 装 备 年 产 值 仅 约 5 亿 美 元 ， 生
产 企 业 1800 余 家 ， 绝 大 多 数 为 小 型 企 业 ， 县
 。 
      人 员 培 训 费 用 

4.3 资 金 预 算 　 　 

该 项 目 的 实 施 ， 预 计 需 要 资 金 200 万 美 元 ，
其 中 由 国 家 投 资 100 万 美 元 ， 需 要 国 际 资 助
100 万 美 元 。各 项 实 施 费 用 与 资 金 分 配 ， 列 表
如 下 ： 

                               　

               表 一 各 项 实 施 费 用 估 算 
                                                   单 位 ： 万
                             美 元 


                         国 内 资
                      金 
                                       国 际 资 助 

                                                         合 计 

                                    援 助

                                          优 惠 贷
                                            款 
 国 外 专 家 咨
 询 
 办 公 设 施 
 仪 器 设 备 
 资 料 与 信 息

 人 员 培 训 
                   -
                   30
                   50
                   20
                   -
                                  16
                                  -
                                  40
                                  14
                                  20
                                          -
                                          -
                                          10
                                          -
                                          -
                                                   16
                                                   30
                                                   100
                                                   34
                                                   20
 总 计 
                   100
                                  90
                                          10
                                                   200


                               　

            　 表 二 各 行 动 计 划 资 金 分 配 
                                                   单 位 ： 万
                             美 元 

        行 　 动 
          　 
                       国 内 资
                      金 
                                     国 际 资 助 

                                                      合 计 
 行 动 (1)
 行 动 (2)
 行 动 (3)
 行 动 (4)
 行 动 (5)
                   -
                   30
                   50
                   20
                   -
                                 16
                                 -
                                 40
                                 14
                                 20
                                         -
                                         -
                                         10
                                         -
                                         -
                                                 16
                                                 30
                                                 100
                                                 34
                                                 20
 总 计 
                   100
                                 90
                                         10
                                                 200


　 

5. 效 益 

该 项 目 完 成 以 后 ， 中 国 环 保 装 备 制 造 业 在 结
构 合 理 化 、 管 理 规 范 化 方 面 将 提 高 到 一 个 新
的 水 平 ， 为 促 进 中 国 环 保 装 备 制 造 业 持 续 、
快 速 、 健 康 发 展 奠 定 良 好 的 基 础 ； 为 各 项 环
境 示 范 工 程 提 供 可 靠 的 技 术 装 备 ， 使 环 境 设
施 中 环 保 装 备 的 正 常 运 转 率 从 30 ％ 提 高 到 90
％ 左 右 ， 每 年 可 减 少 环 境 投 入 12 亿 美 元 以 上
。


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☆ 来源:．哈工大紫丁香 bbs.hit.edu.cn．[FROM: ignorance.bbs@bbs.ne]