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发信人: hitter (请稍后...涅磐中), 信区: METech
标 题: FOR MEMS,THE KEY TO LOWERING COST IS ALL
发信站: 哈工大紫丁香 (2004年01月12日08:09:56 星期一), 站内信件
FOR MEMS, THE KEY TO LOWERING COST IS ALL IN THE PACKAGING
By Kyle James
Small Times Correspondent
MUNICH, Germany, Nov. 21, 2002 – Carsten Bahle of Wicht
Technologie Consulting doesn’t mince words when it comes
to the need to rethink MEMS packaging.
“The biggest stumbling block to commercial success is the lack of general,
simple and effective packaging techniques,” he said in remarks made during
a special forum on MEMS packaging held last week during the Electronica tra
de fair in Munich.
The reason, everyone agrees, is simple: cost. Packaging of a MEMS device ge
nerally takes up 50-90 percent of its cost, with 80 percent the norm. Althou
gh these microsystems are getting smaller all the time, that doesn’t mean p
ackaging costs are shrinking as well. In fact, maintaining the high level of
precision necessary at ever smaller scales tends to push prices up.
Despite that, there can be no scrimping on packaging when it comes to MEMS.
Together with the functional unit (sensor, micromechanical component or inte
grated circuit), the surrounding package is the most important element of th
e device and plays several roles. It has to protect the sensitive functional
unit from environmental factors that could affect its performance, like moi
sture, high temperature, vibration or corrosion. It also has to provide the
component’s connection to the outside world through electrical, optical and
other types of interfaces. Finally, it cannot hinder function in any way.
Yet if packaging is so important, it seems strange that it has it been treat
ed like a neglected stepchild for so long.
“There are historical reasons for that,” said Erik Jung of the Fraunhofer
Institute for Reliability and Microintegration (IZM), and one of Germany’s
leading experts on packaging issues. “MEMS evolved from the microelectronic
industry and took over an infrastructure that already existed. That is, des
ign the device first, packaging is an afterthought.”
But that has been the wrong approach, he and others say.
“Simply put, design has to be tackled early on in the process,” said Katri
n Persson of IMEGO, a microsensor systems company based in Gothenburg, Swede
n. “Some 80 percent of breakdowns are due to packaging problems. We need to
dedicate more attention to the outside of a component.”
Integral functions are part of the solution, according to Fraunhofer’s Jung
. Packaging, he said, should be designed to do more than just protect. It sh
ould also add to the final component's functionality.
“Packaging should be a value-added process,” he said.
For example, a microfluidic sensor package would add this value if it contai
ned a tiny pipeline to bring the media to be measured to the device. Other c
oncepts have the package forming part of the sensing structure itself, becom
ing part of the device’s own complex system instead of just a dead casing a
round it.
“We’re seeing people start to think in this direction,” Jung said. “Not
as much as I’d like them to, but it’s a start.”
He said that over the past few years engineers on both the MEMS and the pack
aging sides of the equation have begun talking to each other earlier in the
design process.
“But the minute commercialization begins,” he laughed, "the talking stops.
”
Another area in which Jung wishes a lot more talking would be going on is in
standardization, which he said would help solve some of today’s packaging
and manufacturing problems. But that is not easy, given that MEMS environmen
tal parameters are very diverse. Some devices must exclude light while other
s must allow it onto the die surface. Some packages exist in a vacuum, while
others must pipe gases or liquids around a chip.
But it is highly desirable that the industry define a standard package for e
ach application category. Come up with a reasonable standard regarding input
s and outputs, for example, and you could have one MEMS package that is appr
opriate for several different devices.
One group in Germany that Jung thinks could serve as a standardization model
for the MEMS community is the AMA German Trade Association for Sensor Techn
ology. The 400-member group association is developing sensor element modules
with interfaces that are compatible with various types of components, such
as transformers and microcomputers.
“It will save on resources. When you get, say, a new pressure sensor in the
future, it will mean you don’t have to replace your entire sensor mechanis
m, just that module,” said Dirk Rein, a member of the AMA management.
Experts predict that packaging issues could be the make-or-break issue when
it comes to RF (radio frequency) MEMS switches, which are used in wireless a
pplications. Current RF MEMS packaging increases a device’s size by a facto
r of 10. The final cost of the component breaks down to 5 percent device and
95 percent packaging. If RF MEMS are going to live up to their potential, t
he packaging price has to be brought down without sacrificing reliability, a
ccording to Robert Aigner, director of MEMS R&D at Infineon Technologies AG.
“Packaging is the turning point where RF MEMS will win or lose the battle a
gainst conventional components,” he said.
--
一念不起为坐,见本性不乱为禅;
外不著相,内不乱为定
外禅内定,故名禅定,即时豁然,还得本心…….
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