METech 版 (精华区)
发信人: hitter (请稍后...涅磐中), 信区: METech
标 题: MEMS-related Words
发信站: 哈工大紫丁香 (2004年01月12日08:15:00 星期一), 站内信件
You Might Wonder About
The following contains many of the words you might encounter when talking to M
EMS-freaks, and for which you might have hesitated to ask what they mean. The
list is taken from MSB 99:4-00:2 (©).
Actuator: Device converting energy (electric, chemical, etc.) into mechanical
work.
AFM: Atomic Force Microscopy. Visualizes features on an atomic scale.
Anisotropic etching: Direction-dependent etching. Often based on the periodic
order of crystalline materials (anisotropy).
Anisotropy: Different material or processing properties in different direction
s.
Anodic (field-assisted) bonding: Bonding conductive to non-conductive material
s (e.g. silicon to glass) using heat and high-voltage-generated electrostatic
forces.
ASIC: Application-Specific Integrated Circuit. Chip specially designed for a c
ertain customer and application.
Batch: Production of many components at the same time.
Bonding: Joining of parts in a permanent way.
Bulk micromachining: Tailoring structures by machining a wafer’s interior.
Cleanroom: Ultra-clean area with a controlled environment.
CMOS: Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor. Type of integrated electronics
often used in one-chip solutions.
CVD: Chemical Vapor Deposition. Deposition of thin layers on the surface throu
gh chemical reactions.
Dielectric material: A non-conducting material.
Direct wafer bonding: Bonding wafers without using an intermediate adhesive ma
terial.
Dry etching: Processes based on chemically aggressive gases (e.g. RIE), plasma
, and particle-bombardment.
EDM: Electro Discharge Machining. Milling using electric sparks.
EDP: Ethylene Diamine Pyrocatechol. An alternative to KOH for wet etching of s
ilicon.
Electroplate: Deposition of metals using an electric current and an electrolyt
e solution.
Electrostatic force: Mechanical force caused by a voltage between two electrod
es.
Epitaxy: Atom by atom growth of layers that adjust to the crystallographic ori
entation of the substrate (a single crystal).
Etch stop: Technique of stopping the etching at well-defined locations, e.g. a
t silicon-insulator interfaces or P-N junctions in semiconductors.
Etching: Removal of material, often with chemical processes.
Evaporation: Deposition using a heated source that sublimate or boil. Low pres
sure ensures high directionality of the vapor condensing at the substrate.
Fab: Factory for microstructures (nickname similar to lab).
FEA & FEM: Finite Element Analysis & Method. Simulation procedure for analyzin
g multiphysics behavior.
FIB: Focused Ion Beam. Finely focused ion beam (often Ga+) used for imaging, m
illing and deposition.
Fused silica: Non-crystalline (amorphous) quartz.
GaAs: Gallium Arsenide. Semiconductor with optical and piezoelectric propertie
s.
HF: Hydrofluoric acid. Ingredient in etchants that attack SiO2 (incl. quartz).
Hydrophilic: A drop of water will wet a hydrophilic surface.
Hydrophobic: The opposite to hydrophilic.
Isotropic etching: Direction-independent etch speed.
KOH: Potassium Hydroxide. The most common etchant for wet etching of silicon.
LCVD: Laser-assisted CVD.
LIGA: Lithographie, Galvanoformung, Abformung. Synchrotron radiation is used t
o form high-aspect ratio polymeric structures suitable for metal filling by el
ectrodeposition and as masters for replication.
Lithography: Copying a mask-pattern onto a surface, e.g. using light or X-ray.
Lorentz force: Mechanical force caused by an electric current in a magnetic fi
eld.
LPCVD: Low Pressure CVD.
Mask: Pattern to be copied with etching or deposition.
MCM: Multi Chip Module.
MEMS: MicroElectroMechanical System (see MST). Acronym primarily used in U.S.A
.
Micromachine: See MST. Word primarily used in Asia.
Micromachining: Processes for microstructure fabrication. Originating from the
semiconductor industry’s processes.
Microstructure: Structure featuring small geometries (sub-µm to mm). Oft
en fabricated using micromachining.
Microsystem: System including one or more microstructures or assembled using m
icrotechnology.
µ-TAS: Miniaturized Total Analysis System. Integrated chemical sensor s
ystem.
MOEMS: MicroOptoElectroMechanical System.
MPW: Multi Project Wafer. Several projects share the space and cost of a wafer
.
MSB: Micro Structure Bulletin. Nordic newsletter first published in 1993.
MSK: MikroStrukturKurs. Swedish MEMS course.
MST: MicroSystem Technology (regionally also MicroStructure Technology). See m
icrosystem. Acronym primarily used in Europe.
MSW: Micro Structure Workshop. Nordic biennial workshop first held in 1994.
OEM: Original Equipment Manufacturers sell to system manufacturers instead of
directly to customers.
One-chip solution: Sensor element and its electronics integrated on one chip.
PCB: Printed Circuit Board.
Photoresist: Substance used to protect areas not to be etched. Patterned via l
ithography followed by removal (etching) of exposed (or unexposed) a
Photoresist: Substance used to protect areas not to be etched. Patterned via l
ithography followed by removal (etching) of exposed (or unexposed) areas.
Piezoelectricity: Mechanical stress generated by electric field/charge, and vi
ce versa. Present in strongly anisotropic dielectrics, e.g. quartz.
Piezoresistance: The dependence of resistivity on mechanical stress. Involves
mainly semiconductors, e.g. silicon.
Plasma: Cloud of ionized gas and electrons.
Polysilicon: Silicon consisting of crystalline grains. Often deposited via CVD
or PVD.
PVD: Physical Vapor Deposition. Deposition processes such as sputtering and ev
aporation.
PZT: Lead Zirconate Titanate. Large-strain piezoelectric ceramic.
Quartz glass: See fused silica.
Quartz: Crystalline SiO2. An inert, highly stable, and piezoelectric material.
Replication: Duplication of an original using casting, embossing or molding.
Resonator: Mechanical structure that vibrates, sometimes at a resonance freque
ncy.
RIE: Reactive Ion Etching. Dry etching based on a plasma with chemically activ
e gas ions.
Sacrificial layer etching: Removal of a buried fast-etching layer used, for ex
ample, to create freely movable structures.
SEM: Scanning Electron Microscopy. Features too small for optical microscopy m
ade visible by scanning the sample with an electron beam.
Sensor: Device providing useful output to a specified stimulus. May react also
to other stimuli, e.g. temperature.
Silicon fusion bonding: High-temperature hermetic bonding. Its atomic nature m
eans high-quality bond interfaces.
Silicon: The most popular material in micromachining.
SME: Small to Medium-sized Enterprise (company).
SOI: Silicon On Insulator. An oxide layer sandwiched between two silicon layer
s, used in etching as an etch stop barrier and sacrificial layer.
Sputtering: Deposition based on bombarding a source by ions from a gas plasma.
Knocked out atoms lose their directionality when passing through the plasma o
n their way to the substrate.
Stiction: Undesired adhesion of movable solids in very close proximity, caused
by forces such as Van der Waals, capillary and hydrogen bridging.
Surface micromachining: Forming structures via deposition and etching of thin
layers on the wafer’s surface.
TEM: Transmission Electron Microscopy. Visualizes details in thin slices via t
he transmission of an electron beam.
Transducer: Device, e.g. sensor or actuator, converting energy from one domain
to another, calibrated to minimize conversion errors.
Wafer: Thin slice of material suitable for batch processing. Normally circular
with diameters in the 50-300 mm range.
Wet etching: Etching using chemically aggressive liquids.
Wire bonding: Making electrical connection by attaching thin gold or aluminum
wires.
Yield: Fraction of functioning components after processing.
--
一念不起为坐,见本性不乱为禅;
外不著相,内不乱为定
外禅内定,故名禅定,即时豁然,还得本心…….
※ 来源:·哈工大紫丁香 bbs.hit.edu.cn·[FROM: 218.9.121.63]
※ 修改:·hitter 於 01月12日08:16:00 修改本文·[FROM: 218.9.121.63]
Powered by KBS BBS 2.0 (http://dev.kcn.cn)
页面执行时间:2.726毫秒