Math 版 (精华区)
发信人: wanderer (海王星的小鱼), 信区: Math
标 题: Nonliear Science FAQ(4)
发信站: 紫 丁 香 (Mon May 15 21:30:19 2000), 转信
What is a map?
A map is simply a function, f, on the phase space that gives the next
state, f(z) (the image), of the
system given its current state, z. (Often you will find the notation
z' = f(z), where the prime means
the next point, not the derivative.)
Now a function must have a single value for each state, but there
could be several different states
that give rise to the same image. Maps that allow every state in the
phase space to be accessed
(onto) and which have precisely one pre-image for each state
(one-to-one) are invertible. If in
addition the map and its inverse are continuous (with respect to the
phase space coordinate z), then
it is called a homeomorphism. A homeomorphism that has at least one
continuous derivative (w.r.t.
z) and a continuously differentiable inverse is a diffeomorphism.
Iteration of a map means repeatedly applying the map to the
consequents of the previous
application. Thus we get a sequence
n
z = f(z ) = f(f(z )...) = f (z )
n n-1 n-2 0
This sequence is the orbit or trajectory of the dynamical system with
initial condition z_0.
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