Math 版 (精华区)
发信人: micheal (平凡的世界), 信区: Math
标 题: 数学家简介--Poincare
发信站: 哈工大紫丁香 (Thu May 4 19:07:20 2000), 转信
发信站: 南京大学小百合站 (Wed Nov 10 11:17:03 1999), 转信
Poincar? Jules Henri (1854-1912), French physicist and
one of the foremost mathematicians of the 19th century.
Poincar?nbsp;was a cousin of the French statesman and author
Raymond Poincar? He was born in Nancy and educated at
the 蒫ole Polytechnique and the 蒫ole Sup閞ieur des
Mines in Paris. He taught at the University of Caen from
1879 to 1881 and was lecturer at the University of Paris
from then until 1885, when he became professor there of
physical mechanics, mathematical physics (1886), and
celestial mechanics (1896).
Poincar?nbsp;made important original contributions to
differential equations, topology, probability, and the
theory of functions. He is particularly noted for his
development of the so-called Fuchsian functions and his
contribution to analytical mechanics. His studies
included research into the electromagnetic theory of
light and into electricity, fluid mechanics, heat
transfer, and thermodynamics. He also anticipated chaos
theory. Among Poincar?s more than 30 books are Science
and Hypothesis (1903; trans. 1905), The Value of Science
(1905; trans. 1907), Science and Method (1908; trans.
1914), and The Foundations of Science (1902-8; trans.
1913). In 1887 Poincar?nbsp;became a member of the French
Academy of Sciences and served at its president in 1906.
He also was elected to membership in the French Academy
in 1908.
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