Physics 版 (精华区)
发信人: PeterWang (PW), 信区: Physics
标 题: Richard P.Feynman - The Meaning of It All(7)
发信站: 哈工大紫丁香 (2002年07月01日08:01:28 星期一), 站内信件
In physics there was a time when there was trouble. In recent times
there has been a great freedom for the physicist. Not a hundred
percent freedom; there are different schools of thought which argue with
each other. They were all in a meeting in Poland. And the Polish
Intourist, the analogue of Intourist in Poland, which is call Polorbis,
arranged a trip. And of course, there was only a limited number of
rooms, and they made the mistake of putting Russians in the same room.
They came down and they screamed, "For seventeen years I have never
talked to that man, and I will not be in the same room with him."
There are two schools of physics. And there are the good guys and the
bad guys, and it's perfectly obvious, and it's very interesting. And
there are great physicists in Russia, but physics is developing much
more rapidly in the West, and although it looked for a while like
something good would happen there, it hasn't.
Now this doesn't mean that technology is not developing or that they are
in some way backward that way, but I'm trying to show that in a country
of this kind the development of ideas is doomed.
You have read about the recent phenomenon in modern art. When I was in
Poland there was modern art hung in little corners in back streets.
And there was the beginning of modern art in Russia. I don't know what
the value of modern art is. I mean either way. But Mr. Khrushchev
visited such a place, and Mr. Khrushchev decided that it looked as if
this painting were painted by the tail of a jackass. My comment is, he
should know.
To make the thing still more real I give you the example of a Mr.
Nakhrosov who traveled in the United States and in Italy and went home
and wrote what he saw. He was castigated for, I quote the castigator, "A
50-50 approach, for bourgeois objectivism." Is this a scientific
country? Where did we ever get the idea that the Russians were, in
some sense, scientific? Because in the early days of their revolution
they had different ideas than they have now? But it is not scientific to
not adopt a 50-50 approach-that is, to not understand what there is
in the world in order to modify things; that is, to be blind in order to
maintain ignorance.
I cannot help going on with this criticism of Mr. Nakhrosov and to
tell you more about it. It was made by a man whose name is Padgovney,
who is the first secretary of the Ukranian Communist Party. He said,
"You told us here... (He was at a meeting at which the other man had
just spoken, but nobody knows what he said, because it wasn't published.
But the criticism was published.) You told us here you would only write
the truth, the great truth, the real truth, for which you fought in the
trenches of Stalingrad. That would be fine. We all advise you to
write that way. (I hope he does.) Your speech, and the ideas you
continue to support smack of petty bourgeois anarchy. This the party and
people cannot and will not tolerate. You, Comrade Nakhrosov, had better
think this over very seriously." How can the poor man think it over
seriously? How can anyone think seriously about being a petty
bourgeois anarchist? Can you picture an old anarchist who is a bourgeois
also? And at the same time petty? The whole thing is absurd. Therefore,
I hope that we can all maintain laughter and ridicule for the people
like Mr. Padgovney, and at the same time try to communicate in some
way to Mr. Nakhrosov that we admire and respect his courage, because
we are here only at the very beginning of time for the human race. There
are thousands of years in the past, and there is an unknown amount of
time in the future. There are all kinds of opportunities, and there
are all kinds of dangers. Man has been stopped before by stopping his
ideas. Man has been jammed for long periods of time. We will not
tolerate this. I hope for freedom for future generations-freedom to
doubt, to develop, to continue the adventure of finding out new ways
of doing things, of solving problems.
Why do we grapple with problems? We are only in the beginning. We have
plenty of time to solve the problems. The only way that we will make a
mistake is that in the impetuous youth of humanity we will decide we
know the answer. This is it. No one else can think of anything else. And
we will jam. We will confine man to the limited imagination of
today's human beings.
We are not so smart. We are dumb. We are ignorant. We must maintain an
open channel. I believe in limited government. I believe that government
should be limited in many ways, and what I am going to emphasize is
only an intellectual thing. I don't want to talk about everything at the
same time. Let's take a small piece, an intellectual thing.
No government has the right to decide on the truth of scientific
principles, nor to prescribe in any way the character of the questions
investigated. Neither may a government determine the aesthetic value
of artistic creations, nor limit the forms of literary or artistic
expression. Nor should it pronounce on the validity of economic,
historic, religious, or philosophical doctrines. Instead it has a duty
to its citizens to maintain the freedom, to let those citizens
contribute to the further adventure and the development of the human
race. Thank you.
--
爱情就像暴风雨一样,当它来临的时候,我们大家谁都没有准备好
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