Physics 版 (精华区)
发信人: FDTD (放荡*坦荡), 信区: Physics
标 题: [转寄] Frogs turn to physics(转载)
发信站: 哈工大紫丁香 (2003年10月29日07:27:41 星期三), 站内信件
【 以下文字转载自 FDTD 的信箱 】
【 原文由 dwq.bbs@bbs.nju.edu.cn 所发表 】
发信人: nanoH (奋青帮※水影※lit14), 信区: Physics
标 题: Frogs turn to physics
发信站: 南京大学小百合站 (Wed Oct 22 14:24:56 2003)
Frogs turn to physics
16 October 2003
The aquatic frog Xenopus is able to detect prey at night by sensing the ripple
s that insects make on the surface of water. Now, physicists at the Technical
University of Münich have developed a model that could explain how the neuron
al system of the frog allows it to locate where the ripples are coming from an
d to distinguish between different types of creatures that might be producing
ripples (J-M Franosch et al. 2003 Phys. Rev. Lett. 91 158101).
Xenopus relies on about 200 so-called lateral-line organs to navigate and dete
ct prey. These organs are located along the sides of its body, and also around
its eyes, head and neck. Each lateral-line organ contains 4 to 8 small gelati
nous 'cupulae', which can be deflected by local movements in the water. This d
eflection stimulates sensory hair cells at the base of each cupula, which then
generate a neuronal response.
http://bbs1.nju.edu.cn/file/1066803864frog.jpg
The clawed frog Xenopus laevis laevis. Its lateral-line organs can be seen cle
arly as white 'stitches' (image credit: J-M Franosch et al. 2003 Phys. Rev. Le
tt. 91 158101).
Now, Jan-Moritz Franosch and co-workers have created a 'minimal model' of the
frog's neuronal activity using a simple algorithm. This model first eliminates
noise effects caused by the non-identical wave patterns produced by an insect
It then explains how the frog can reconstruct the shape of a water wave - it
s 'waveform' - to determine the direction of the prey, as well as information
about its size and shape. Moreover, the model shows how Xenopus can resolve tw
o overlapping waves - from two different insects for example - with different
frequencies because it is able to separate out the component waveforms.
"We found that the frog's detection system is very robust because it functions
even if half of the organs are not working," team leader Leo van Hemmen told
PhysicsWeb. "We hope that by proving that the frog performs waveform reconstru
ction, biologists will now be able to work out its underlying neuroanatomy." T
he team also hopes to apply its results to other aquatic amphibians, fish and
even reptiles such as crocodiles.
Author
Belle Dumé is Science Writer at PhysicsWeb
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