Swimming 版 (精华区)
发信人: vinson (专心向学), 信区: Swimming
标 题: 腹部训练
发信站: 哈工大紫丁香 (2002年08月31日08:17:11 星期六), 站内信件
by Bill Volckening
The A.B.C.'s of Abs
Great Abdominal Exercises
abs_n. Pl. Abbreviation for abdominal muscles or movements; common slang
used by athletes (espec. swimmers) describing anatomical features
relative to the torso. ie: "He has abs of steel!"; the daily abdominal
routine. Eg: "You should do abs everyday;" covetous term for the defined
washboard stomach. Eg: "Great abs!" antonyms incl. (Slang) "gut,"
"spare tire," "love handle" and "beer belly."
Abdominal strength is essential to fast swimming. Strong abs allow the
swimmer to step-up and control proper body position, leading
ultimately to more efficient swimming. Abs also contribute to faster
starts and turns.
Unfortunately, abs are typically overlooked (and avoided) by Masters
swimmers. Because Masters swimmers frequently focus on propulsion
(arms & legs), abs are forgotten_and because ab routines are often
painful and boring, they are avoided.
The following "Great Abdominal Exercises" are part of a daily routine
designed to help swimmers work their abdominal muscles with a variety of
movements. This variety contributes to each muscle group and helps keep
the daily routine interesting.
Abdominal exercise technique is as simple as "A. B. C."
A. abdominal muscle contraction; B. body position; and, C. control.
The abs should always be the focus. All movement is centered around
the mid-section, with a repeating cycle of alternating contractions
and releases. Careful attention to body position helps maintain the
focus (on the abs) while determining what muscles are working.
Controlling the movement and the breathing adds an extra dimension of
quality to the exercise to keep the contractions and releases at an even
pace, exhale while contracting and inhale while releasing. The goal
is quality, not quantity.
Helpful Hints
Find a soft, carpeted floor or a gymnastics mat. If you're at the pool,
use folded towels for padding. Avoid doing abs on a hard surface
without padding. Start slowly and gradually increase the repetitions.
Build to 10-15 minutes every day. In the beginning, it's common to
experience some muscle pain. Should an exercise cause joint pain,
discontinue immediately.
Here is a collection of abdominal strengthening exercises learned from
swimmers, coaches, body builders and aerobics instructors:
Allabs
Laying face-down with arms extended above the head, lift chest and lower
rib cage off floor. You may wish to have a partner hold down your feet.
(Beginners: 10-15 reps. Intermediate: 20-30 reps. Advanced: 50+ reps.)
Belly-Ups
Laying face-up with hands on the belly, lift shoulders and lower back
off floor.
(Beginners: 10 reps. Intermediate: 50 reps. Advanced: 100+ reps.)
Crunches
Laying face-up, with bent knees, ankles crossed and feet off the floor,
place hands behind the head and lift chest toward thighs.
(Beginners: 10 reps. Intermediate: 50 reps. Advanced: 100+ reps.)
Double-Leg Pikes
Laying face-up with arms extended above the head, simultaneously lift
arms, torso and both legs. Reach for toes while keeping legs straight.
(Beginners: 5-10 reps. Intermediate: 15-20 reps. Advanced: 25-50 reps.
)
Single-Leg Pikes
Just like "Double-Leg Pikes," but lift one leg at a time, alternating.
(Beginners: 10 reps. Intermediate: 25 reps. Advanced: 50+ reps.)
Bicycles
Laying face-up with knees bent and feet on the floor, clasp hands behind
head and move legs in pedalling motion (alternating) while twisting the
body so the leading elbow meets the opposite knee (and repeat,
rotating).
(Beginners: 25 rotations. Intermediate: 50 rotations. Advanced: 100+
rotations.)
Standard Leg-Lifts
Laying face-up with legs together and arms at the sides, raise legs
together (four inches off the floor) and hold for 15 seconds.
(Beginners: five reps. Intermediate: 10 reps. Advanced: 25+ reps.)
Hell Raisers
Laying on side, legs together, bottom arm extended on floor, place upper
hand behind the head, raise and bend legs, and crunch (touching the
upper elbow to the upper knee). Make sure to keep legs off the floor
at all points.
(Beginners: 10-15 reps./side. Intermediate: 20-30 reps./side. Advanced:
30-40 reps./side.)
Chucks
Laying face-up with knees bent and feet on the floor, cross-over one leg
so the ankle rests on the opposite knee. Place hands behind head and
lift back while twisting (the leading elbow should meet the opposite
knee.)
(Beginners: 10 reps./side. Intermediate: 25 reps./side. Advanced: 50+
reps./side.)
Supermans
Laying face-down with legs together and arms extended above the head
raise arms and legs, holding for 15 seconds.
(Beginners: five reps. Intermediate: 10 reps. Advanced: 25+ reps.)
Row-Boats
In a seated position, with bent legs raised slightly and arms crossed
over chest, lean back (resting only on the buttocks) while straightening
legs and body. Return to starting position and continue. The movement
should be similar to rowing.
(Beginners: 5-10 reps. Intermediate: 15-20 reps. Advanced: 30-40 reps.
)
Scissors
and begin a rapid, alternating motion of separating and crossing the
legs.
(Beginners: 10 reps. Intermediate: 25 reps. Advanced: 50+ reps.)
Thrusters
Resting on upper back and shoulders, with legs raised and arms
extended on the floor (to brace body), thrust both legs straight up, and
release.
(Beginners: 10 reps. Intermediate: 25 reps. Advanced: 50+ reps.)
www.swiminfo.com
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