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发信人: uwm (waiting...), 信区: Flyingoverseas
标 题: The 9-Step Guide to Successful Applications-4
发信站: 哈工大紫丁香 (Fri Nov 22 21:22:04 2002) , 转信
4. Planning Your Application
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We all know that we need a plan for our application so we won't be late in mee
ting the application deadlines. "Experts" tell us to request school catalogs i
n August, take the GRE exam no later than December, and mail out applications
by February 15. Is this the right way to plan our application process? Yes, bu
t it's only partially right.
If you think that planning consists of simply allowing enough time to finish e
verything required by the applications, you have missed the critical point! Pl
anning your application is about being very clear about what you want to achie
ve (and when), knowing how to achieve it, and having an alternative plan if yo
ur original one fails.
In other words, a good plan has three parts: (1) Goals and objectives, (2) str
ategies and action plans to achieve those goals and objectives, and (3) altern
ative (backup) plans in case things fail.
Goals and Objectives
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The most important part in a plan is its goals and objectives. Without them, y
ou are wasting your time.
Let's assume that you have thought through major issues about whether you shou
ld pursue an education in the US or not. Let's say that the conclusion is that
yes, you should. And you have also assessed your qualifications and decided t
hat you want to get into one of the best universities by August 2000. This is
your goal.
Now in order to achieve your goal, you need to make your application competiti
ve. After reading Step 3: Make Your Application Competitive and doing some lon
g, hard thinking, you have come up with some answers to the competitive issues
.
For example, you want to:
Publish 1-2 new research papers by the year end;
Have two strong reference letters ready in two months;
Score at least 1,900 on the October GRE test;
Rewrite your application essay to make it more convincing;
Take one more course to strengthen your existing academic background.
Little goals such as those five above are called objectives. Objectives are th
e necessary requirements for achieving your goal. According to your plan, you
believe that once you fulfill all or most of the objectives, you should be abl
e to achieve your goal and get into one of the top American universities.
Criteria for Goal Setting: There are two criteria as to whether you have done
an adequate job in setting up your goal and objectives.
(1) Are the goal and objectives clear and specific? Ask yourself questions suc
h as "What is my goal in preparing this application?" If you know nothing more
than the names of the schools to which you are applying, you don't have a cle
ar goal. If you are applying to all kinds of schools -- from the worst to the
best -- with equal energy, you don't have a specific goal and you are only try
ing your luck like a stupid gambler.
You also need to be clear and specific about your objectives. Don't simply fil
l out an application form or get an application essay done on time. Think abou
t what you want to achieve by finishing them! If you know that you want your r
eferences to show your research potential and you understand that you're takin
g an additional mathematics class to build a stronger quantitative background,
you are clear and specific about what you are doing.
(2) Are your goal and objectives practical? Is your goal of applying to the be
st schools realistic, given your background and the time you have available fo
r preparing your application? What is the probability that you will get financ
ial aid if you change your major? It would be ideal that you can reach all the
five objectives listed above. But if you realize that it is impossible to fin
ish even half of them in a short period of time, your objectives are impractic
al. You need to modify your objectives or reduce the number of them for your p
lan.
Strategies and Action Plans
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Once you have developed clear, specific, and practical goals and objectives, y
ou have to come up with right strategies and specific action plans with time e
stimates for completing them.
To devise a winning action plan, keep asking yourself the following three ques
tions:
(a) What is the best way to meet each one of my objectives? For some people, t
he best way to get a high GMAT score might be to study alone...while others mi
ght do better by going to a preparation school.
(b) How much time do I need to accomplish this specific objective? You shouldn
't just have an objective of writing a strong essay and assume that you can ac
complish it in three days. You may need three months to practice your writing
before you can even write an adequately good essay. Without good estimates of
the time required for actions, you will fail at the end.
(c) What is the probability that my action plans will work? If the chance is l
ow, is it because the objective is impractical or the strategy/action is ineff
ective? You will only realize the impossibility of reaching some of your objec
tives or flaws in your action plans after you have started to pursue them. The
refore it is extremely important to keep evaluating your plans and redefining
them accordingly.
Alternative Plans
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Mostly, nothing will work as perfectly as planned. Therefore a good plan alway
s has alternative plans to handle failures or unexpected situations.
If your primary plan is to get into one of the best schools in the US, what do
you do if it fails? Your alternative plans can be many. For example, you can
apply to some average universities in addition to the best ones. If your prima
ry plan fails, you can still be able to go to a second-tier school. Or you can
wait for next year to re-apply. In that case, your alternative plan is to try
one more time.
You also need alternative plans for achieving your objectives. If you have dif
ficulty in improving your writing skills, should you hire a private teacher to
help you? Alternatively, you could give up on the idea of writing a great ess
ay and, instead, try to get a quality recommendation letter to improve your co
mpetitiveness. To have an alternative plan also means that when you plan on ta
king the GRE test in October, you know you will have a second chance to retake
it in December if your first try fails. (This is one of many alternatives.)
Sense of Planning, Matter of Practice
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After reading this Step, many of you are probably overwhelmed by how complex p
lanning seems to be. You might even lose confidence in or become confused by a
nd frustrated with how you are going to plan your applications.
Don't worry! The main reason that you are feeling so is that we Chinese are ve
ry unfamiliar with making decisions for ourselves. Once you start following th
e guidelines we have discussed here, you will quickly improve your planning sk
ills and decision-making capabilities. Spend time to think about and talk with
others about planning issues and you will quickly develop your sense of plann
ing. At the end, you will be handsomely rewarded by practicing your planning s
kills.
Remember this: if you reduce 10% of your time for preparing the TOEFL or GRE t
est and instead, use the saved time for planning, your probability of getting
to America will increase 100% or even more. So, develop a sound plan for your
application!
(Author: Jinbo Xie, BeBeyond.com)
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