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标 题: Introducing UCLA
发信站: 紫 丁 香 (Mon Dec 22 20:50:16 1997), 转信
Introducing UCLA
". . . in 10 years . . . we shall look with amazement upon the development
of this University, for it is certain to be greater, far greater, than the
imagination of any of us can foresee."
Ernest Carroll Moore
UCLA Director, 1919
From Little Acorns . . .
The year was 1880. With a population of 11,000, Los Angeles was a gaslit
pueblo trying to convince the state to establish in Southern California a
second State Normal School like the one already existing in San Jose, some
300 miles to the north.
In March of the following year, the State Assembly approved the
establishment of such a school. A group of enthusiastic citizens, over 200
of whom contributed between $2 and $500, purchased a site less than a mile
from the business section. Soon the towering Victorian form of the school
rose from an orange grove which, today, is the site of the Central Los
Angeles Public Library. On August 29, 1882, the Los Angeles Branch of the
State Normal School welcomed its first students.
By 1914 the little pueblo of Los Angeles had grown to a city of 350,000 and
the school, whose enrollment far exceeded its capacity, moved to new
quarters -- a Hollywood ranch off a dirt road which would later become
Vermont Avenue.
With a view toward expansion, Director Ernest Carroll Moore proposed in
1917 that the school become the first branch of the Berkeley-based
University of California. Two years later on May 23, 1919, California
Governor William D. Stephens signed the legislation that created the
"Southern Branch" of the University of California -- no longer merely a
teacher's college but an institution that offered two years of instruction
in Letters and Science.
Third- and fourth-year courses were soon added, the first class of 300
students was graduated in 1925, and by 1927 the Southern Branch had earned
its new name: University of California at Los Angeles (the "at" became a
comma in 1958).
Move Westward
As the student population of the University continued to increase, the need
for a new site became obvious and the search was soon under way for a
permanent home for UCLA. On September 21, 1927, Director Moore turned the
first shovelful of soil that broke ground for the creation of the campus of
his dreams.
The choice of Westwood, set squarely in the path of westward-moving Los
Angeles, no doubt was an important factor in determining UCLA's future
growth. But in 1929, on the barren chaparral-covered hills of Westwood, the
four original buildings -- Royce Hall, Powell Library, Haines and Kinsey
Halls -- formed a lonesome little cluster in the middle of 400 empty acres.
The campus hosted some 5,500 students that fall.
The first priority after the move to Westwood was to establish a graduate
curriculum, essential for any major university. The Regents established the
master's degree at UCLA in 1933 and, three years later, the doctorate. UCLA
was fast becoming a full-fledged university offering advanced study in
almost every field.
Los Angeles and the University nurtured each other through the years, and
both experienced phenomenal growth and development during the next half
century. UCLA's most spectacular period of growth occurred in the 25 years
following World War II, when it tripled its prewar enrollment of 9,000
students and undertook what would become a $260 million building program
that included residence halls, parking structures, laboratories, more
classrooms, service buildings, athletic and recreational facilities, and a
715-bed teaching hospital which is now one of the largest and most highly
respected in the world.
UCLA Today
UCLA celebrated its seventy-fifth anniversary during the 1994-95 academic
year. In just three-quarters of a century -- a remarkably brief span --
UCLA has joined the elite ranks of the nation's most prestigious
universities. This 75-year journey is one of the great success stories in
American higher education. Today, UCLA is distinguished as the only campus
among the nation's top 10 research universities that was established in the
twentieth century.
UCLA is a large and complex institution devoted to undergraduate and
graduate scholarship, research, and public service. Known for academic
excellence, many of its programs are rated among the best in the nation,
some among the best in the world.
Some 236 buildings on 419 acres house the College of Letters and Science
plus 11 professional schools and serve more than 33,550 students. Another
major period of campus development is currently nearing completion,
providing needed additional space for chemistry, management, and
microbiology programs, while several of UCLA's older buildings are now
being made earthquake-safe through a broad seismic correction program.
UCLA's top administrative officer is Chancellor Charles E. Young. Now
beginning his twenty-eighth year of leadership in that position -- more
than one third of UCLA's existence -- Chancellor Young is one of America's
most senior and most respected leaders in higher education today.
Setting
UCLA is cradled in rolling green hills just five miles inland from the
ocean, in one of the most attractive areas of Southern California. It is
bordered on the north by the protected wilderness of the Santa Monica
Mountains and at its southern gate by Westwood Village. Originally
envisioned as a business district to serve UCLA, this picturesque little
college town has mushroomed into an entertainment magnet for the entire Los
Angeles area.
The cultural treasures of the Los Angeles County Museum of Art are a few
miles to the east as are other museums, the community of Beverly Hills, the
Music Center, and the downtown business area. Beyond that the deserts,
snowcapped mountains, and ski resorts are little more than an hour's drive.
Ambience
The stately Tudor Gothic and Italian Romanesque architecture of UCLA's
early buildings blends with the contemporary and modern design of the newer
structures. Royce Hall, one of the original four buildings, remains the
campus symbol. Contrasting campus moods range from the activity of Bruin
Walk to the serenity of the Japanese Garden. Attend a rock concert on the
lawn, or a classical recital in Schoenberg Hall. Contemplate a Rodin or a
Lachaise in the Sculpture Garden, or participate in a political rally in
Meyerhoff Park.
UCLA is a place of surprises. A unique inverted fountain, where water flows
over river rocks, recalls the Yellowstone creeks that inspired it. Enter
the Bunche Hall Annex and discover a glorious atrium where palms and ferns
glisten in filtered sunlight. Step inside the courtyard of Macgowan Hall
and come face to face with the impressive stone Tower of Masks, created by
the noted sculptress Anna Mahler.
UCLA is a place for serious study in a vibrant, dynamic atmosphere. You
must visit the campus to appreciate it. If you are thinking of applying to
the University as an undergraduate, contact Undergraduate Admissions and
Relations with Schools (310-825-8764) to take a tour of the campus
specifically tailored to the prospective student. If your are not a
student, the Campus Visits Program (310-206-0616), sponsored by the Alumni
Association, arranges both individual and group tours of the campus
throughout the year. The tours are offered by current students and
reservations are required.
Commitment to Research
UCLA is one of the outstanding "research universities" in the country. What
does this mean to you as a student?
It means that the same faculty members teach both undergraduate and
graduate courses and that these instructors create knowledge as well as
transmit it. They spend a major portion of their time engaged in research
in libraries and laboratories and out in the field.
At UCLA you are taught by the people making the discoveries, so you learn
the latest findings on every front. You may exchange ideas with -faculty
members who are authorities in their fields, and even as undergraduates you
are encouraged to participate in research to experience firsthand the
discovery of new knowledge. This inseparable commitment to teaching and
research is the hallmark of a research university.
Question of Size
Although UCLA has a larger enrollment than other University of California
campuses, it is small in comparison to some of the Midwestern universities.
Its general campus population of some 29,742 students is about equal to
that at UC Berkeley, but the UCLA campus is enriched by an additional 3,839
men and women studying in its health sciences schools of Dentistry,
Medicine, Nursing, and Public Health. UCLA makes the most of its size by
offering an extraordinary breadth of high quality academic programs and a
range of student opportunities available at few other universities in the
country.
A major concern of the faculty and staff is to allow you, the student, to
feel that you belong. UCLA provides orientation sessions and several
innovative academic assistance programs for new students, a staff of
helpful advisers and counselors in every college/school and academic
department, a myriad of student services, and unlimited opportunities for
involvement and participation.
All UCLA students share the pride of attending one of the most prestigious
educational institutions in the country. Beyond that, no one individual
deals with the totality of UCLA. Campus life is made comfortable by
interacting and identifying with only certain parts of the whole, whether
they be your academic department, residence hall, fraternity or sorority,
club or organization, or the spirit of Bruin victories on the athletic
fields.
Many prospective students ask about the size of classes at UCLA. Standard
instructional formats include lectures, discussion sections, seminars, and
laboratory sessions. Although large lecture groups in some introductory
courses are not unheard of, 96 percent of all lower division lecture
classes in 1993-94 had fewer than 200 students, and the University is
making every effort to further reduce class size. Students in most lecture
classes also enroll in discussion sections of about 25 students, and
seminars and laboratory classes usually have fewer than 20 students. There
is an overall ratio of one faculty member for approximately 18 students.
Most UCLA faculty members take a genuine interest in their students. They
set aside office hours for receiving students, and most appreciate the
opportunity for informal conversation. Even professors who seem remote in
the classroom may be just the opposite on a one-to-one basis. A brief
discussion can benefit both student and instructor.
Professors are often aided, especially in the small discussion sections, by
teaching assistants (TAs). These are graduate students who teach on a
part-time basis while pursuing their degree. Many students find it helpful
to talk to the TAs about academic problems.
Hallmarks of Excellence
Recent surveys indicate that in overall excellence, UCLA is one of
America's most prestigious and influential public universities. It is
consistently rated among the best universities in the nation and is by far
the youngest institution in this select group.
UCLA is accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges and
by numerous special agencies. Information regarding the University's
accreditation may be obtained in the Planning Office Library, Office of
Academic Planning and Budget, 2107 Murphy Hall.
Academics
UCLA has one college and 11 professional schools. The College of Letters
and Science offers programs leading to both undergraduate and graduate
degrees, as do the School of the Arts and Architecture, School of
Engineering and Applied Science, School of Nursing, and School of Theater,
Film, and Television. The other professional schools offer graduate
programs exclusively: the Graduate School of Education and Information
Studies, School of Law, John E. Anderson Graduate School of Management,
School of Public Policy and Social Research and, in the health sciences,
the Schools of Dentistry, Medicine, and Public Health.
Few universities in the world offer the extraordinary range and diversity
of academic programs that students enjoy at UCLA. Undergraduates may earn a
Bachelor of Arts or Bachelor of Science degree in one of 112 different
disciplines; graduate students may earn one of 84 master's and 103 doctoral
and professional degrees.
Academic programs undergo a continuing process of review and evaluation to
maintain their excellence, and new programs are added as they are approved
by The Regents. For example, a new School of Public Policy and Social
Research has been established, incorporating the existing Departments of
Social Welfare and Urban Planning with the new Department of Policy
Studies, while the existing Department of Architecture and Urban Design has
been moved into the newly renamed School of the Arts and Architecture. In
the School of Medicine, the Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology recently
was renamed the Department of Neurobiology. Two additional mergers occurred
when (1) the Department of Astronomy joined the Department of Physics to
become the new Department of Physics and Astronomy and (2) the Department
of Dance and the interdepartmental World Arts and Cultures Program combined
to form the new Department of World Arts and Cultures. New degree programs
last year included the interdepartmental B.A. in Asian American Studies,
the B.A. in American Literature and Culture, and the interdepartmental B.A.
in European Studies.
Faculty
Of the many factors that go into the making of a great university, no
single factor is as important as its faculty. UCLA's distinguished faculty
includes 1987 Nobel prizewinner Donald Cram, several John Simon Guggenheim
fellows and Fulbright scholars, and many members of both the National
Academy of Sciences and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. In
1994-95 nine faculty members received Fulbright scholarships to conduct
research, lecture, and consult abroad, and four UCLA scientists and
scholars were awarded Guggenheim fellowships. Two were elected as fellows
of the prestigious American Association for the Advancement of Science
(AAAS). With two additional American Academy of Arts and Sciences award
winners, one Sloan Foundation fellow, one National Academy of Sciences
awardee, and five National Science Foundation Young Investigators, UCLA
placed among the leading universities nationwide in the number of these
prestigious awards.
In a recent survey the Conference Board of Associated Research Councils
evaluated the quality of the faculty in more than 150 American research
universities. UCLA was judged second in the nation among public
universities, and among the most highly rated overall. Of the 32
disciplines studied, 17 of UCLA's academic departments were ranked among
the top 10 in the country.
Research
UCLA is among the six leading research universities in the country,
receiving a record $342 million in 1993-94 in extramural grants and
contracts to support its research activities. The University hosts several
hundred postdoctoral scholars each year who share its excellent research
facilities. Its laboratories have seen major breakthroughs in scientific
and medical research; its study centers have helped foster understanding
among the various cultures of the world; ongoing pursuits of new knowledge
in a myriad of vital areas continue to improve the quality of life for
people around the world.
Teaching
Although all UCLA faculty members engage in research and the discovery of
new knowledge, they are equally dedicated to disseminating their findings
in the classroom. Indeed, excellence in teaching is one of the most
important criteria for faculty promotion, and distinguished teaching awards
are among those most highly prized by UCLA professors.
Student Body
UCLA's students pride themselves on academic excellence. The Fall Quarter
1994 entering freshman class had an average high school GPA of 3.90, with
an average composite score on the Scholastic Assessment Test (SAT) of 1,128
out of a possible 1,600.
One of the University's highest priorities is to advance the ethnic
diversity of its students, faculty, staff, and administrators. The
diversity of UCLA's student population -- nearly equally divided between
men and women -- yields the wide range of opinion and perspective essential
to a great university. Although most students are from California, they
come from all 50 states and more than 115 foreign countries to study at
UCLA. The University now enrolls the most ethnically mixed and culturally
diverse undergraduate student population -- both in total students and as a
percentage of enrollment -- of any major university in the U.S. Ethnic
minorities comprise 64 percent of the undergraduates and 36.2 percent of
the graduate student population. And international students and scholars
presently number over 6,700, making this one of the most popular American
universities for students from abroad.
Numerous Other Factors
With more than six million volumes, UCLA's library is rated among the
finest in the country. Its athletic teams have made the University an
acknowledged leader in intercollegiate sports. Its Center for the
Performing Arts ranks as the largest, most diversified and comprehensive
program of its kind in the country. And management of the UCLA at the
Armand Hammer Museum of Art and Cultural Center and acquisition of the
Westwood Playhouse in Westwood Village enhance the entire arts program.
The University played a significant role in the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los
Angeles, and the campus reprised that role in July 1991 for the U.S.
Olympic Festival '91. On both occasions, UCLA housed a large Olympic
Village and served as the venue for several events.
All these factors plus its research facilities, its community service, and
its international links with all parts of the world make UCLA today a very
special kind of institution.
University of California
The University of California traces its origins to 1868, when Governor
Henry H. Haight signed the Organic Act providing that California's first
"complete University" be created.
Classes began the following year at the College of California in Oakland.
The first buildings on the Berkeley campus were completed in 1873, and the
University moved into its new home. The following June, the University of
California conferred bachelor's degrees on 12 graduates.
Today the University is one of the largest and most renowned centers of
higher education in the world. Its nine campuses span the state, from Davis
in the north to San Diego in the south. In between are Berkeley, San
Francisco, Santa Cruz, Santa Barbara, Riverside, Irvine and, of course, Los
Angeles.
All the campuses adhere to the same admission guidelines and high academic
standards, yet each has its own distinct character, atmosphere, and -- to
some degree -- academic individuality. Riverside, for example, excels in
the plant sciences and entomology; Davis has a large agricultural school
and offers the University's only veterinary medicine program; San Diego has
excellent oceanography and marine biology programs; San Francisco is
devoted exclusively to the health sciences. Among the campuses there are
five medical schools and three law schools, as well as schools of
architecture, business administration, education, engineering, and many
others.
The UC campuses have a combined enrollment exceeding 162,300 students, over
90 percent of them California residents. About one fourth study at the
graduate level. Some 150 laboratories, extension centers, and research and
field stations strengthen teaching and research while providing public
service to California and the nation. The collections of over 100 UC
libraries on the nine campuses are surpassed in size on the American
continent only by the Library of Congress collection.
The faculty of the University of California is internationally known for
its distinguished academic achievements. On its nine campuses the
University has 18 Nobel laureates, and membership in the National Academy
of Sciences is the largest of any university in the country.
University Administration
The University of California system is governed by a Board of Regents whose
regular members are appointed by the Governor of California. In addition to
setting broad general policy and making budgetary decisions for the UC
system, The Regents appoint the President of the University, the nine
chancellors, and the directors, provosts, and deans who administer the
affairs of the individual campuses and divisions of the University.
The Regents delegate authority in academic matters to the Academic Senate,
which determines academic policy for the University as a whole. The Senate,
composed of faculty members and certain administrative officers, determines
the conditions for admission and granting of degrees, authorizes and
supervises courses and curricula, and advises University administrators on
budgets and faculty appointments and promotions. Individual divisions of
the Universitywide Academic Senate determine academic policy for each
campus. Students participate in policy-making at both campuswide and
systemwide levels.
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